稻螟赤眼蜂防治早稻一代二化螟的应用技术

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230712

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确稻螟赤眼蜂防治早稻一代二化螟的田间高效释放应用技术,于2017—2018年在宁波市镇海和奉化两地开展了不同放蜂起始时间、放蜂量和放蜂次数及与化学防治结合应用对早稻田一代二化螟的控害效果试验。结果表明,二化螟发蛾初期、蛾始盛期和蛾盛期3个不同时期中从蛾始盛期开始放蜂的防治效果最好,防治效果为54.06%;在放蜂次数不变的前提下,667 m²放蜂总量4万头和5万头处理对二化螟的防治效果分别为65.65%和67.32%,均显著高于3万头处理的防治效果,但两者差异不显著;在放蜂总量不变的前提下,放蜂3次和放蜂4次处理的防治效果也均显著高于放蜂2次的防治效果,但两者也无显著性差异;放蜂3次后再化学防治1次能显著提高对二化螟的综合防治效果,其防效与化学防治2次的防治效果相当。因此,在应用稻螟赤眼蜂防控早稻一代二化螟时,应根据越冬代二化螟的实际发生情况来确定合理的放蜂时间、放蜂量和放蜂次数,以确保赤眼蜂的释放控害技术措施经济高效。

关键词: 稻螟赤眼蜂, 早稻, 二化螟, 防治效果

Abstract:

In order to clarify the field efficient release application technology of Trichogramma japonicum against the first generation of Chilo suppressalis in early-season rice fields, we conducted a study on the control effects of Trichogramma japonicum under different wasp release initiation time, release amount and number of releases,as well as in combination with chemical control in Zhenhai and Fenghua District of Ningbo City from 2017 to 2018. The results showed that control effect of wasp release from the initial emergence period, the beginning peak period and peak period was best, with a control effect of 54.06%. While the number of releases remained unchanged, control effects of release 40 000 and 50 000 every 667 m² were 65.65% and 67.32%, respectively,which were significantly higher than the effect of 30 000 every 667 m².While the total release amount remained unchanged, the control effects of release times of 3 and 4, were significantly higher than the control effects of release times of 2. The control effect of times of 3 followed by one time of chemical control can significantly improve the comprehensive control effect against the Chilo suppressalis and its control effect was equivalent to that of two times of chemical control. Therefore, in order to ensure the control measures of releasing Trichogramma japonicum are cost-effective,it is necessary to determine the reasonable release time, amount and frequency based on the actual occurrence of the overwintering generation of Chilo suppressalis, when Trichogramma japonicum was applied to control the first generation of Chilo suppressalis in early-season rice fields.

Key words: Trichogramma japonicum, early-season rice, Chilo suppressalis, control effect

中图分类号:

S435.112.1

谌江华, 狄蕊, 肖山, 柴伟纲, 任少鹏, 陈若霞. 稻螟赤眼蜂防治早稻一代二化螟的应用技术[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(11): 2676-2679.

CHEN Jianghua, DI Rui, XIAO Shan, CHAI Weigang, REN Shaopeng, CHEN Ruoxia. Study on the application techniques of controlling the first generation of Chilo suppressalis by releasing Trichogramma japonicum in early-season rice fields[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(11): 2676-2679.

图/表 4

参考文献 15

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处理	放蜂起始日期 (月-日)	枯心率/%	防治效果/%
蛾初期	04-28	1.40±0.12 B b	38.89±2.90 C c
蛾始盛期	05-05	1.06±0.10 CD c	54.06±2.08 AB ab
蛾盛期	05-10	1.24±0.10 BC b	46.03±2.62 BC bc
农民自防田	05-24(施药1次)	0.89±0.12 D c	61.57±2.78 A a
不防治对照田		2.29±0.15 A a	0

处理	放蜂起始日期 (月-日)	枯心率/%	防治效果/%
蛾初期	04-28	1.40±0.12 B b	38.89±2.90 C c
蛾始盛期	05-05	1.06±0.10 CD c	54.06±2.08 AB ab
蛾盛期	05-10	1.24±0.10 BC b	46.03±2.62 BC bc
农民自防田	05-24(施药1次)	0.89±0.12 D c	61.57±2.78 A a
不防治对照田		2.29±0.15 A a	0

处理	枯心率/%	防治效果/%
667 m²放蜂5万头	0.90±0.16 B b	67.32±2.21 A a
667 m²放蜂4万头	0.92±0.06 B b	65.65±2.89 A a
667 m²放蜂3万头	1.18±0.18 B b	56.69±3.48 A b
农民自防田	0.93±0.09 B b	65.45±1.95 A a
不防治对照田	2.74±0.40 A a	0

处理	枯心率/%	防治效果/%
667 m²放蜂5万头	0.90±0.16 B b	67.32±2.21 A a
667 m²放蜂4万头	0.92±0.06 B b	65.65±2.89 A a
667 m²放蜂3万头	1.18±0.18 B b	56.69±3.48 A b
农民自防田	0.93±0.09 B b	65.45±1.95 A a
不防治对照田	2.74±0.40 A a	0

处理	枯心率/%	防治效果/%
放蜂4次	1.74±0.24 B c	63.47±2.48 AB a
放蜂3次	1.76±0.21 B c	62.79±1.84 AB a
放蜂2次	2.15±0.10 B b	54.11±1.64 B b
农民自防田	1.67±0.15 B c	64.65±1.79 A a
不防治对照田	4.71±0.32 A a	0