有机肥替代化肥对土壤性质及番薯产量与品质的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231026

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (1): 57-61.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231026

有机肥替代化肥对土壤性质及番薯产量与品质的影响

严佳琦¹(), 洪磊东², 方玉仙³, 汪妹云³, 洪春来², 姚燕来²^,^*()

1.淳安县枫树岭镇综合服务中心,浙江杭州 311717
2.浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州 310021
3.淳安县农业农村发展服务中心,浙江杭州 311700

收稿日期:2023-10-25 出版日期:2025-01-11 发布日期:2025-01-14
通讯作者: 姚燕来(1981—),男,浙江宁波人,研究员,博士,从事废弃物资源利用及生物有机肥研究工作,E-mail:yaoyl@zaas.ac.cn。
作者简介:严佳琦(1995—),女,浙江淳安人,助理农艺师,学士,从事生物有机肥应用研究工作,E-mail:158136844@qq.com。
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C02009);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C02001);浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2022SNJF031)

Effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers on soil properties, yield and quality of Ipomoea batatas

YAN Jiaqi¹(), HONG Leidong², FANG Yuxian³, WANG Meiyun³, HONG Chunlai², YAO Yanlai²^,^*()

1. Fengshuling Comprehensive Service Center of Chun'an County, Hangzhou 311717, Zhejiang
2. Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
3. Agriculture and Rural Development Service Center of Chun'an County, Hangzhou 311700, Zhejiang

Received:2023-10-25 Online:2025-01-11 Published:2025-01-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究有机肥替代化肥对土壤性质及番薯生产的影响,该研究针对番薯的养分需求特性,按照等氮替代的方法施用有机肥,对土壤理化性质、番薯产量及品质等指标进行检测分析。结果表明,相较于仅施用化肥的对照组,商品有机肥及生物有机肥等氮替代化肥显著(P<0.05)提高土壤pH值,且在添加15 kg生物有机肥的处理中,土壤速效钾含量增加62.4%。同时,不同化肥减量处理并不会对番薯产量造成显著影响,但番薯块根中的全钾含量均得到显著(P<0.05)提升。其中,15 kg生物有机肥添加处理中的全钾含量增幅达53.1%。以上研究为有机肥替代化肥的应用推广及番薯产业的绿色可持续发展提供了重要的理论依据。

关键词: 生物有机肥, 化肥减量, 番薯, 产量与品质, 土壤改良

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers on soil properties and production of Ipomoea batatas, organic fertilizers were applied using the method of equal nitrogen substitution, and indicators such as soil physical and chemical properties, yield and quality of Ipomoea batatas were tested and analyzed based on the nutrient requirements of Ipomoea batatas. The results showed that, compared with the control group that only applied chemical fertilizer, commercial organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizers with equal nitrogen substitution for chemical fertilizers, significantly (P<0.05) increased soil pH value. The content of soil available potassium increased by 62.4% in the treatment added with 15 kg bio-organic fertilizer. Meanwhile, different chemical fertilizer reduction treatments did not have significant effects on yield of Ipomoea batatas. However, the total potassium content in storage root was significantly increased (P<0.05). Especially in the treatment added with 15 kg bio-organic fertilizer, the total potassium content increased by 53.1%. The research promotes the application of chemical fertilizer reduction by organic fertilizer and provides an important theoretical basis for the green and sustainable industry development of Ipomoea batatas.

Key words: bio-organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer reduction, Ipomoea batatas, yield and quality, soil improvement

中图分类号:

S531

严佳琦, 洪磊东, 方玉仙, 汪妹云, 洪春来, 姚燕来. 有机肥替代化肥对土壤性质及番薯产量与品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(1): 57-61.

YAN Jiaqi, HONG Leidong, FANG Yuxian, WANG Meiyun, HONG Chunlai, YAO Yanlai. Effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers on soil properties, yield and quality of Ipomoea batatas[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(1): 57-61.

图/表 4

参考文献 12

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处理	化肥用量	商品有机肥用量	生物有机肥用量	菜籽饼用量
T1	1.20	0	0	0
T2	1.08	15.0	0	1.1
T3	0.96	30.0	0	1.1
T4	0.96	0	7.5	1.1
T5	0.72	0	15.0	1.1

处理	化肥用量	商品有机肥用量	生物有机肥用量	菜籽饼用量
T1	1.20	0	0	0
T2	1.08	15.0	0	1.1
T3	0.96	30.0	0	1.1
T4	0.96	0	7.5	1.1
T5	0.72	0	15.0	1.1

处理	pH值	电导率/ (μS·cm^-1)	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	有效氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
T1	4.74±0.23 a	395.31±68.70 b	27.19±1.98 a	1.78±0.13 a	217.24±44.10 a	144.88±60.08 a	104.74±32.21 a
T2	5.21±0.36 c	249.83±32.88 a	28.15±2.77 a	1.76±0.17 a	199.76±17.86 a	198.05±57.75 a	124.29±30.25 ab
T3	5.68±0.28 d	273.67±49.05 a	29.59±2.03 a	1.80±0.14 a	215.49±29.22 a	228.00±54.04 a	151.16±29.48 ab
T4	5.01±0.18 ab	313.25±31.69 ab	29.86±2.38 a	1.76±0.16 a	205.62±24.84 a	150.24±32.73 a	132.03±30.78 ab
T5	5.24±0.24 bc	280.23±62.00 a	30.05±2.07 a	1.76±0.11 a	205.79±29.30 a	185.37±58.31 a	170.12±51.90 b

处理	pH值	电导率/ (μS·cm^-1)	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	有效氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
T1	4.74±0.23 a	395.31±68.70 b	27.19±1.98 a	1.78±0.13 a	217.24±44.10 a	144.88±60.08 a	104.74±32.21 a
T2	5.21±0.36 c	249.83±32.88 a	28.15±2.77 a	1.76±0.17 a	199.76±17.86 a	198.05±57.75 a	124.29±30.25 ab
T3	5.68±0.28 d	273.67±49.05 a	29.59±2.03 a	1.80±0.14 a	215.49±29.22 a	228.00±54.04 a	151.16±29.48 ab
T4	5.01±0.18 ab	313.25±31.69 ab	29.86±2.38 a	1.76±0.16 a	205.62±24.84 a	150.24±32.73 a	132.03±30.78 ab
T5	5.24±0.24 bc	280.23±62.00 a	30.05±2.07 a	1.76±0.11 a	205.79±29.30 a	185.37±58.31 a	170.12±51.90 b

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有机肥替代化肥对土壤性质及番薯产量与品质的影响

Effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers on soil properties, yield and quality of Ipomoea batatas

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