3种诱导剂对杨梅凋萎病抗性及果实品质的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231136

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了壳聚糖、茉莉酸甲酯、乙酰水杨酸等3种诱导剂对杨梅凋萎病抗性、枝叶生长和果实品质的影响,以15年生深红种杨梅为试验材料,通过叶面喷施诱导剂,测定凋萎病病情指数、新梢和叶片生长、果实品质指标。结果表明,壳聚糖、茉莉酸甲酯能显著降低杨梅凋萎病病情指数,相对诱导效果达46.41%、33.91%。3种诱导剂对杨梅新梢和叶片生长、相对叶绿素含量的增加均有一定促进作用,其中壳聚糖、茉莉酸甲酯的作用较为显著,梢长分别比对照增加23.8%、22.1%,叶面积较对照提高19.2%、11.2%。壳聚糖、茉莉酸甲酯对果实品质的提升作用较为显著。综上,本研究筛选到2种能诱导杨梅凋萎病抗性的诱导剂,壳聚糖和茉莉酸甲酯对杨梅的生长发育和果实品质提升均有显著作用,上述2种诱导剂的应用将对今后杨梅凋萎病的绿色防控具有重要意义。

关键词: 杨梅, 诱导剂, 凋萎病, 果实品质

Abstract:

The effects of three inducers, chitosan, methyl jasmonate, and acetylsalicylic acid, on the resistance of twig blight disease, shoot and leaf growth, and fruit quality of Chinese bayberry were studied. Using 15-year-old Shenhongzhong as the experimental material, the disease index of twig blight disease, new shoot and leaf growth, and fruit quality indicators were measured by spraying three inducers on leaves, respectively. The results showed that chitosan and methyl jasmonate significantly reduced the disease index, and the relative induction effects were 46.41% and 33.91%, respectively. Three inducers have a certain promoting effects on the relative chlorophyll content, the growth of shoots and leaves, among which chitosan and methyl jasmonate have more significant effects, with shoot length increasing by 23.8% and 22.1%, and leaf area increasing by 19.2% and 11.2%, respectively, compared with the control. In addition, chitosan and methyl jasmonate have significant improvement on fruit quality. In summary, this study identified two inducers that can induce resistance of twig blight disease. Chitosan and methyl jasmonate have significant effects on the improvement of growth and fruit quality of Chinese bayberry. The application of these two inducers will be of great significance for the green prevention and control of Chinese bayberry twig blight disease in the future.

Key words: Chinese bayberry, inducers, twig blight disease, fruit quality

中图分类号:

S667.6

俞浙萍, 张淑文, 梁森苗, 孙鹂, 任海英, 郑锡良, 戚行江. 3种诱导剂对杨梅凋萎病抗性及果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(12): 2921-2924.

YU Zheping, ZHANG Shuwen, LIANG Senmiao, SUN Li, REN Haiying, ZHENG Xiliang, QI Xingjiang. Effects of three inducers on the resistance of twig blight disease and fruit quality of Chinese bayberry[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(12): 2921-2924.

图/表 4

参考文献 14

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诱导剂	病情指数/%	相对诱导效果/%
对照	52.17±1.83 a	0
壳聚糖	29.24±1.05 c	46.41±1.82 a
茉莉酸甲酯	36.26±1.57 b	33.91±2.51 b
乙酰水杨酸	51.08±2.74 a	3.39±1.06 c

诱导剂	病情指数/%	相对诱导效果/%
对照	52.17±1.83 a	0
壳聚糖	29.24±1.05 c	46.41±1.82 a
茉莉酸甲酯	36.26±1.57 b	33.91±2.51 b
乙酰水杨酸	51.08±2.74 a	3.39±1.06 c

诱导剂	梢长/cm	梢粗/mm	叶长/cm	叶宽/cm	叶面积/cm²	SPAD值
对照组	19.27±1.03 b	4.71±0.36 b	11.37±1.16 b	2.73±0.21 a	29.28±2.54 b	38.5±1.87 b
壳聚糖	23.86±1.92 a	5.32±0.48 a	12.46±1.08 a	2.94±0.35 a	34.91±1.97 a	43.7±2.63 a
茉莉酸甲酯	23.52±1.75 a	5.46±0.29 a	11.95±0.74 ab	2.81±0.26 a	32.57±2.86 ab	44.6±2.91 a
乙酰水杨酸	20.19±1.47 b	5.14±0.41 a	11.32±0.92 b	2.77±0.18 a	30.63±2.23 b	43.3±3.42 a

诱导剂	梢长/cm	梢粗/mm	叶长/cm	叶宽/cm	叶面积/cm²	SPAD值
对照组	19.27±1.03 b	4.71±0.36 b	11.37±1.16 b	2.73±0.21 a	29.28±2.54 b	38.5±1.87 b
壳聚糖	23.86±1.92 a	5.32±0.48 a	12.46±1.08 a	2.94±0.35 a	34.91±1.97 a	43.7±2.63 a
茉莉酸甲酯	23.52±1.75 a	5.46±0.29 a	11.95±0.74 ab	2.81±0.26 a	32.57±2.86 ab	44.6±2.91 a
乙酰水杨酸	20.19±1.47 b	5.14±0.41 a	11.32±0.92 b	2.77±0.18 a	30.63±2.23 b	43.3±3.42 a

种类	单果重/g	纵径/mm	横径/mm	果核重/g	硬度/N
对照组	12.93±1.19 a	28.353±1.047 a	29.157±1.493 a	1.05±0.082 a	2.53±0.22 ab
壳聚糖	13.27±1.25 a	28.779±1.022 a	29.706±1.364 a	1.04±0.095 a	2.72±0.17 a
茉莉酸甲酯	13.18±1.16 a	28.548±1.159 a	29.727±1.163 a	1.07±0.089 a	2.66±0.14 a
乙酰水杨酸	12.94±1.43 a	28.932±1.186 a	29.805±1.215 a	1.12±0.094 a	2.34±0.15 b