绣球切花花色调蓝技术研究

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231202

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探讨含不同种类铝盐的保鲜液使红色(粉色或粉红色)绣球切花变蓝的效果,旨在筛选合适的铝盐及其浓度,使红色(粉色或粉红色)绣球切花能够变蓝且有一定的瓶插寿命。以可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂作为对照,观测红色(粉色或粉红色)绣球切花在含不同种类铝盐以及含不同浓度柠檬酸铝的可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂处理下的瓶插寿命及变蓝时间,检测不同浓度柠檬酸铝处理下绣球切花花枝和花萼片中的铝离子含量,同时研究不同花枝长度和叶片数对绣球切花的瓶插寿命及变蓝时间的影响。结果表明,含柠檬酸铝的保鲜液能使红色(粉色或粉红色)绣球切花在瓶插期内变蓝,花枝越长,花枝叶片数越多,其花萼片的变蓝时间相对越长,同时绣球切花的瓶插寿命显著缩短。较高浓度柠檬酸铝(0.010 0 mol·L^-1)可以使绣球切花变蓝时间明显缩短,也使切花瓶插寿命显著缩短;含较低浓度柠檬酸铝(0.002 5和0.005 0 mol·L^-1)的保鲜液使绣球切花变蓝时间相对延长,瓶插寿命也显著变长,可以作为红色(粉色或粉红色)绣球切花调蓝的工作浓度。保鲜液中柠檬酸铝浓度越高,切花吸收铝离子的速度相对越快,运输、贮存到花萼片中的铝离子含量越多。

关键词: 绣球, 切花, 柠檬酸铝, 瓶插寿命, 花色调蓝

Abstract:

This study explored the effect of preservation solutions containing different types of aluminum salts on adjusting red (pink or reddish-pink) cut flowers of hydrangea to blue, with the aim of identifying suitable aluminum salts and their optimal concentrations to achieve both color transition and acceptable vase life. Using Kelixian professional 2 preservative as a control, the vase life and blueing time of red (pink or reddish-pink) cut flowers of hydrangea were observed under treatment with Kelixian professional 2 preservative containing different types of aluminum salts and concentrations of aluminum citrate. The aluminum ion content in flower branches and sepals of cut flowers of hydrangea under different aluminum citrate treatments was also measured. Additionally, the effects of different branch lengths and leaf numbers on the vase life and blueing time of cut flowers of hydrangea were studied. The results showed that preservation solutions containing aluminum citrate made red (pink or reddish-pink) cut flowers of hydrangea turn blue during the vase period. The longer the flower branches and the more leaves there were, the longer the time for the sepals to turn blue, while the vase life of cut flowers of hydrangea was significantly shortened. Higher concentrations of aluminum citrate (0.010 0 mol·L^-1) can significantly shorten the blueing time for cut flowers of hydrangea and also significantly shorten the vase life; The preservation solutions containing lower concentrations of aluminum citrate (0.002 5 and 0.005 0 mol·L^-1) relatively prolonged the blueing time and vase life of cut flowers of hydrangea, and can be used as a working concentration for making red (pink or reddish-pink) cut flowers of hydrangea turn blue. The higher the concentration of aluminum citrate in the preservation solutions was, the faster the cut flowers absorbed aluminum ions, and the more aluminum ions were transported and stored in the sepals.

Key words: hydrangea, cut flowers, aluminum citrate, vase life, adjusting flower color to blue

中图分类号:

S685.99

孙晓波, 陈双双, 陈慧杰, 冯景, 齐香玉, 邓衍明. 绣球切花花色调蓝技术研究[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(4): 958-963.

SUN Xiaobo, CHEN Shuangshuang, CHEN Huijie, FENG Jing, QI Xiangyu, DENG Yanming. Study on the technology for adjusting the color of cut flowers of hydrangea to blue[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(4): 958-963.

图/表 8

表1 不同铝盐保鲜液配方

Table 1 Preservative solutions formulations containing different aluminum salts

处理	不同配方保鲜液
T1	可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂+1.1 g·L^-1柠檬酸铝
T2	可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂+3.3 g·L^-1硫酸铝
T3	可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂+1.2 g·L^-1氯化铝
CK1	可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂
CK2	去离子水

表2 不同浓度柠檬酸铝保鲜液配方

Table 2 Preservative solutions formulations containing different concentrations of aluminum citrate

处理	不同浓度柠檬酸铝保鲜液
T4	可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂+0.55 g·L^-1柠檬酸铝
T5	可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂+1.10 g·L^-1柠檬酸铝
T6	可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂+2.20 g·L^-1柠檬酸铝

表3 含不同铝盐的保鲜液对不同绣球品种切花瓶插寿命和花色变蓝时间的影响

Table 3 Effects of preservative solutions containing different aluminum salts on vase life and blueing time of cut flowers of different hydrangea varieties 单位:d

处理	含羞叶		史欧尼		小町
处理	瓶插寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插寿命	变蓝时间
T1	10.5±1.8 a	3~4	9.5±2.2 a	3~4	10.1±1.8 a	3~4
T2	3.2±1.3 b	—	4.2±1.8 b	—	5.1±2.0 c	—
T3	4.0±1.7 b	—	5.0±2.3 b	—	5.3±1.5 c	—
CK1	8.2±1.8 a	—	11.0±1.5 a	—	8.0±1.6 b	—
CK2	4.8±2.3 b	—	10.2±2.4 a	—	5.2±2.3 c	—

图1 含0.005 0 mol·L-1 柠檬酸铝的可利鲜专业2号保鲜剂调控不同品种绣球切花变蓝过程 A—含羞叶;B—史欧尼;C—小町。

Fig.1 Process of turning blue of cut flowers of different hydrangea varieties regulated by Kelixian professional 2 containing 0.005 0 mol·L-1 aluminum citrate

表4 不同花枝长度对不同绣球切花品种瓶插寿命和花色变蓝时间的影响

Table 4 Effects of different branch lengths on vase life and blueing time of cut flowers of different hydrangea varieties 单位:d

花枝长度/ cm	含羞叶		史欧尼		小町
花枝长度/ cm	瓶插时间寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插时间寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插时间寿命	变蓝时间
10	12.5±2.2 a	3~4	12.2±2.0 a	3~4	9.3±2.1 a	3~4
15	11.4±2.3 a	3~4	10.8±2.6 a	3~4	9.0±1.6 a	3~4
20	10.5±1.8 a	3~4	10.1±2.2 a	3~4	7.8±2.0 b	3~4
30	8.4±1.5 b	4~5	8.3±2.1 b	4~5	5.9±1.5 b	4~5

表5 不同花枝叶片数对不同绣球切花品种瓶插寿命和花色变蓝时间的影响

Table 5 Effects of different leaf numbers on vase life and blueing time of cut flowers of different hydrangea varieties 单位:d

叶片数/ 枝	含羞叶		史欧尼		小町
叶片数/ 枝	瓶插时间寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插时间寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插时间寿命	变蓝时间
0	12.5±2.2 a	3~4	12.2±2.0 a	3~4	9.3±2.1 a	3~4
2	9.1±2.1 b	3~4	9.5±2.2 b	3~4	7.5±2.6 a	3~4
4	5.5±1.8 c	4~5	6.3±2.2 c	4~5	5.1±2.3 b	4~5

表6 不同浓度柠檬酸铝保鲜液对不同绣球切花品种瓶插寿命和变蓝时间的影响

Table 6 Effect of preservation solution containing different concentrations of aluminum citrate on the vase life and blueing time of cut flowers of different hydrangea varieties 单位:d

处理	含羞叶		史欧尼		小町
处理	瓶插寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插寿命	变蓝时间	瓶插寿命	变蓝时间
T4	11.4±2.3 b	4~5	10.8±2.6 b	4~5	12.1±1.5 b	4~5
T5	10.5±1.8 b	3~4	9.5±2.2 b	3~4	10.1±2.5 b	3~4
T6	3.1±1.3 a	2~3	4.8±2.2 a	2~3	4.5±1.9 a	2~3

图2 不同瓶插时间下绣球切花在含不同浓度柠檬酸铝的保鲜液中花萼片和花枝铝离子含量 A—史欧尼;B—小町。

Fig.2 Aluminum ion content of flower sepals and branches of hydrangea cut flowers treated with preservation solutions containing different concentrations of aluminum citrate at different vase time

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