浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (7): 1592-1597.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240037

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同肥料处理对甘薯生长特性及产量的影响

赵韩伟(), 程润东, 纪洪亭, 王士红, 王勇, 赵荷娟, 曾燕楠()   

  1. 江苏丘陵地区南京农业科学研究所,江苏 南京 210046
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-12 出版日期:2025-07-11 发布日期:2025-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 曾燕楠(1982—),女,江苏如东人,副研究员,硕士,从事甘薯及向日葵育种及栽培技术研究,E-mail:95580103@qq.com
  • 作者简介:赵韩伟(1993—),男,安徽泗县人,研究实习员,硕士,从事甘薯、向日葵遗传育种和栽培研究,E-mail:1024834927@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏现代农业(特粮特经)产业技术体系江宁推广示范基地(JATS[2023]015)

Effects of different fertilizer treatments on growth characteristics and yield of sweet potato

ZHAO Hanwei(), CHENG Rundong, JI Hongting, WANG Shihong, WANG Yong, ZHAO Hejuan, ZENG Yannan()   

  1. Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Hilly Area, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu
  • Received:2024-01-12 Online:2025-07-11 Published:2025-07-28

摘要:

为探明不同肥料处理对甘薯生长特性及产量的影响,筛选出适合丘陵岗地甘薯种植的肥料。本试验以鲜食甘薯品种心香为研究对象,设置了对照、复合肥、甘薯专用套餐肥、有机肥4个处理。结果表明,与CK相比,施肥处理均显著增加了相对叶绿素含量,增幅为10.10%~12.59%;3种肥料处理均使主蔓长、茎粗与单株地上部鲜重不同程度增加;仅A3处理使分枝数显著增加了18.39%。与CK相比,A1、A2、A3处理的商品薯率分别提高8.95、14.84、5.84百分点;3种肥料处理均能显著增加鲜薯产量和薯干产量,其中甘薯专用套餐肥对鲜重和薯干产量增加幅度最大,分别为29.63%和33.81%。综上所述,甘薯专用套餐肥处理能够显著增加鲜薯和薯干产量,提高商品薯率,增产效果最好。

关键词: 甘薯, 鲜重, 干重, 产量, 生长特性

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the growth characteristics and yield of sweet potatoes and identify suitable fertilizers for sweet potato cultivation in hilly upland areas, this experiment utilized the fresh sweet potato variety Xinxiang and implemented four treatments: control (CK), compound fertilizer, specialized formula fertilizer for sweet potatoes, and organic fertilizer. The results showed that compared with CK, all fertilization treatments significantly increased relative chlorophyll content by 10.10%-12.59%. The three fertilizer treatments also increased main vine length, stem diameter, and aboveground fresh weight to varying degrees, while only A3 significantly increased branch number by 18.39%. Compared with CK, the marketable tuber rates of A1, A2, and A3 treatments increased by 8.95, 14.84, and 5.84 percentage points, respectively. All three fertilizer treatments significantly enhanced fresh tuber yield and dried tuber yield, with the specialized formula fertilizer achieving the highest increases (29.63% for fresh weight and 33.81% for dried tuber yield). In conclusion, the specialized formula fertilizer for sweet potatoes significantly improved fresh and dried tuber yields, elevated marketable tuber rates, and demonstrated the best yield-enhancing effects.

Key words: sweet potato, fresh weight, dry weight, yield, growth characteristics

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