浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (2): 370-375.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240143

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

酸化条件下减量施肥结合土壤改良剂施用对芦笋产量及土壤的影响

高敬文1(), 张圆圆2, 杨艳3, 王峰4,*()   

  1. 1.浙江经贸职业技术学院,浙江 杭州 310018
    2.浦江县农业技术推广中心,浙江 浦江 322200
    3.浙江丰瑜科技股份有限公司,浙江 浦江 322200
    4.浙江省农业科学院 环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江 杭州 310021
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-23 出版日期:2025-02-11 发布日期:2025-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 王峰(1988—),男,江苏徐州人,副研究员,博士,从事植物营养和土壤肥料研究,E-mail: wangfeng@zaas.ac.cn。
  • 作者简介:高敬文(1993—),女,山东枣庄人,讲师,博士,研究方向为作物逆境生理生态,E-mail: jingwen.go@foxmail.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“尖兵领雁”计划(2023C02020);国家自然科学基金(32100217);国家自然科学基金(32302678);浙江省基础公益研究计划(LG22C150022);浦江县第三次全国土壤普查调查采样及土壤普查土壤样品检测项目(WQ2023017-ZFCG005)

Effects of reduced fertilization combined with soil amendment application on yield of Asparagus officinalis L. and soil quality under acidic conditions

GAO Jingwen1(), ZHANG Yuanyuan2, YANG Yan3, WANG Feng4,*()   

  1. 1. Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang
    2. Pujiang County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Pujiang 322200, Zhejiang
    3. Zhejiang Fengyu Technology Co., Ltd., Pujiang 322200, Zhejiang
    4. Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-02-23 Online:2025-02-11 Published:2025-03-24

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摘要：

过量施肥是导致土壤酸化关键原因之一,制定合理的施肥策略对于推动农业绿色可持续发展具有重要意义。该研究以芦笋为研究对象,采用每667 m2 800 kg有机肥+化肥减量(模式一)和每667 m2 300 kg含腐殖酸土壤改良剂+每667 m2 400 kg有机肥+化肥减量(模式二)两种施肥模式,研究其对芦笋产量及土壤质量的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,模式一处理对芦笋的单株茎数、株高、茎粗、第一分枝高度、合格笋产量和总产量均没有显著影响,但显著提高了一级笋产量;模式二处理显著提高了芦笋的株高和茎粗,增加了一级笋、二级笋、合格笋和总笋产量,说明在以上两种施肥模式下降低施肥量不会造成芦笋减产,反而有助于提高优质笋的产量。与常规施肥相比,模式一和模式二处理可有效提高土壤pH值和土壤有机质含量,降低土壤可交换性酸总量、土壤交换性H+、交换性铝和交换性锰含量,提高土壤阳离子交换量、交换性钙和镁含量,且模式二处理更为显著。因此,模式一和模式二施肥模式均可在保证芦笋产量的前提下,改善土壤酸化、培肥土壤,其中以模式二的效果更佳。

关键词: 芦笋, 酸化, 减量施肥, 土壤改良剂, 产量, 土壤质量

Abstract:

Excessive fertilization is one of the key reasons of soil acidification, and developing reasonable fertilization strategies is of great significance for green and sustainable agriculture. Two fertilization modes were adopted on Asparagus officinalis L. in this study: 667 m2 800 kg organic fertilizer+fertilizer reduction (Mode 1) and 667 m2 300 kg soil amendment containing humic acid+667 m2 400 kg organic fertilizer+fertilizer reduction (Mode 2), and their impact on yield of Asparagus officinalis L. and soil quality were studied. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, Mode 1 treatment had no significant effect on the number of stems per plant, plant height, stem diameter, first branch height, qualified yield, and total yield of Asparagus officinalis L., but increased the yield of first level Asparagus officinalis L.. Moreover, Mode 2 treatment increased the plant height and stem diameter of Asparagus officinalis L., as well as the yield of first grade, second grade, qualified, and total yield of Asparagus officinalis L.. The results indicated that under these two fertilization modes, reducing fertilization rate did not reduce total yield of Asparagus officinalis L., but improve the yield of high-quality Asparagus officinalis L.. Compared with conventional fertilization, Mode 1 and Mode 2 treatments can effectively increase soil pH value and organic matter content, reduce total exchangeable acids, exchangeable hydrogen, exchangeable aluminium, and exchangeable manganese in soil, increase cation exchange capacity, exchangeable calcium and magnesium content in soil, which was more significant in Mode 2. Therefore, both Mode 1 and Mode 2 fertilization modes can relieve soil acidification and improve soil fertility while ensuring yield of Asparagus officinalis L., with Mode 2 having the better effect.

Key words: Asparagus officinalis L., acidification, reduced fertilization, soil amendments, yield, soil quality

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