植物源氨基酸水溶肥对杨梅果实品质及营养生长的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240173

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究植物源氨基酸对杨梅果实品质的影响,为丽维双保在杨梅上的应用提供理论依据。以东魁杨梅为研究对象,选择植物源氨基酸水溶肥(L,丽维双保)为试验材料,动物源氨基酸(Y)作为参比肥料,分别以1 000倍和500倍两个稀释浓度在杨梅的萌芽期、幼果期、硬核期喷施3次。试验结果表明,氨基酸肥料能够提高杨梅产量,增加果实可溶性固形物(TSS)、蔗糖等的含量,其中丽维双保低浓度L10和参比肥料高浓度Y5增幅明显,蔗糖含量分别增加29.2%和31.2%。氨基酸肥料促进植物对各种营养元素的吸收,丽维双保处理提高了叶片中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、锰、锌、铜等8种元素含量,并增加叶面积,相较于参比肥料,低浓度下表现更为明显,说明丽维双保表现更为高效。由此初步判断氨基酸水溶肥料叶面喷施均能够增加杨梅产量,改善品质,提高作物的营养生长,提高收益。

关键词: 植物源氨基酸, 杨梅, 品质, 营养生长

Abstract:

The study of the effect of plant-derived amino acid on the quality of bayberry (Myrica rubra) can provide a theoretical basis for the application of Liweishuangbao (L). Taking Dongkui as the research object, plant-derived amino acid water-soluble fertilizer (L) was selected as the experimental material, and animal-derived amino acid (Y) was used as the reference fertilizer, which were sprayed three times at two dilution concentrations of 1 000 and 500 times in the budding, young fruit, and hardening stages of bayberry, respectively. The results show that amino acid fertilizer can improve the yield, increase the contents of fruit total soluble solids (TSS) and sucrose, in which the increasing of L10 (low concentration of L) and Y5 (high concentration of Y) was obvious, and the sucrose increased by 29.2% and 31.2%, respectively. Amino acid fertilizer promoted the absorption of various nutrients by plants. The treatments of L increased the content of eight elements in leaves, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and copper, as well as increasing the leaf surface area. Compared with the reference fertilizer, L performed more significantly at lower concentrations, indicating that it is more efficient. In conclusion, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer application on the leaf surface can increase the yield of bayberry, improve the quality, enhance the nutritional growth of crop, and increase the income.

Key words: plant-derived amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, bayberry(Myrica rubra), quality, nutritional growth

中图分类号:

S667.6

赵战马, 李其明, 林媚, 张顺昌, 姚周麟, 冯先橘, 王玥, 张伟清, 王天玉. 植物源氨基酸水溶肥对杨梅果实品质及营养生长的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(7): 1609-1613.

ZHAO Zhanma, LI Qiming, LIN Mei, ZHANG Shunchang, YAO Zhoulin, FENG Xianju, WANG Yue, ZHANG Weiqing, WANG Tianyu. Effects of plant-derived amino acid water-soluble fertilizer on fruit quality and nutritional growth of Myrica rubra[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(7): 1609-1613.

图/表 4

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处理	单果质量/g	纵径/mm	横径/mm	果形指数
CK	25.7±0.6 a	36.4±0.3 a	36.3±0.3 a	1.00±0.01 a
L10	26.0±1.5 a	36.2±0.2 a	35.8±0.2 a	1.01±0.01 a
L5	25.4±0.7 a	35.6±0.1 a	35.0±0.5 a	1.02±0.01 a
Y10	27.5±0.8 a	35.6±1.8 a	35.4±1.6 a	1.01±0.01 a
Y5	25.4±2.1 a	34.6±2.1 a	34.3±1.8 a	1.01±0.01 a

处理	单果质量/g	纵径/mm	横径/mm	果形指数
CK	25.7±0.6 a	36.4±0.3 a	36.3±0.3 a	1.00±0.01 a
L10	26.0±1.5 a	36.2±0.2 a	35.8±0.2 a	1.01±0.01 a
L5	25.4±0.7 a	35.6±0.1 a	35.0±0.5 a	1.02±0.01 a
Y10	27.5±0.8 a	35.6±1.8 a	35.4±1.6 a	1.01±0.01 a
Y5	25.4±2.1 a	34.6±2.1 a	34.3±1.8 a	1.01±0.01 a

处理	总酸含量/ (g·mL^-1)	可溶性固形物含量/%	蔗糖含量/ (g·kg^-1)	还原糖含量/ (g·kg^-1)	维生素C 含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK	8.2±0.4 b	10.2±0.5 b	48±2 c	25±0 bc	46.8±0.8 a
L10	8.3±0.2 b	11.1±0.2 a	62±1 a	25±2 bc	47.6±2.5 a
L5	8.7±0.2 ab	11.2±0.6 a	61±3 a	26±3 ab	49.3±4.4 a
Y10	8.3±0.1 b	9.5±0.3 c	53±4 b	23±1 c	48.9±5.7 a
Y5	8.8±0.3 a	11.2±0.2 a	63±3 a	29±1 a	49.2±2.6 a

处理	总酸含量/ (g·mL^-1)	可溶性固形物含量/%	蔗糖含量/ (g·kg^-1)	还原糖含量/ (g·kg^-1)	维生素C 含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK	8.2±0.4 b	10.2±0.5 b	48±2 c	25±0 bc	46.8±0.8 a
L10	8.3±0.2 b	11.1±0.2 a	62±1 a	25±2 bc	47.6±2.5 a
L5	8.7±0.2 ab	11.2±0.6 a	61±3 a	26±3 ab	49.3±4.4 a
Y10	8.3±0.1 b	9.5±0.3 c	53±4 b	23±1 c	48.9±5.7 a
Y5	8.8±0.3 a	11.2±0.2 a	63±3 a	29±1 a	49.2±2.6 a

处理	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全钙含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全镁含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全硼含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效铁含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	锰含量/ (g·kg^-1)	铜含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	锌含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK	15.6±0.4 b	0.53±0.02 c	8.0±0.3 b	4.84±0.43 b	1.538±0.017 c	66.7±1.7 bc	0.048±0.002 b	1.100±0.044 d	6.42±0.71 c	40.7±0.4 d
L10	17.2±0.2 a	0.62±0.01 a	8.1±0.3 ab	6.03±0.13 a	1.676±0.010 b	65.5±0.9 c	0.045±0.002 b	1.188±0.017 c	6.54±0.22 c	47.7±0.9 b
L5	16.8±0.4 a	0.55±0.01 bc	8.0±0.1 b	6.28±0.38 a	1.728±0.049 a	67.9±1.0 b	0.048±0.002 b	1.432±0.053 a	7.70±0.21 b	45.4±0.7 c
Y10	16.7±0.2 a	0.57±0.01 b	8.5±0.1 a	5.81±0.49 a	1.416±0.021 d	75.6±1.5 a	0.056±0.001 a	1.353±0.024 b	8.14±0.23 b	47.3±0.6 b
Y5	15.6±0.1 b	0.55±0.01 bc	8.1±0.1 ab	6.19±0.87 a	1.527±0.013 c	67.9±0.4 b	0.056±0.005 a	0.853±0.025 e	9.52±0.49 a	49.3±0.5 a