淮南生态区大豆玉米带状复合种植模式下春大豆的品种筛选

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240280

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大豆玉米带状复合种植模式为大豆种植面积迅速扩大奠定了技术基础,但淮南生态区还没有适宜该模式的优势春大豆品种。为筛选适宜淮南生态区大豆玉米带状复合种植模式的春大豆品种,本试验对16个春大豆品种在大豆玉米复合种植模式下的生长性状和产量进行研究。综合考虑,75-3、95-1、苏成8号较适宜在淮南生态区大豆玉米带状复合种植模式下应用,本研究为淮南生态区提供了适宜大豆玉米带状复合种植的春大豆品种,也为该模式下春大豆品种的筛选提供了借鉴参考。

关键词: 大豆, 带状复合种植, 品种筛选, 产量

Abstract:

The soybean-maize strip intercropping pattern has laid a technical foundation for rapid expansion of soybean cultivation area, but superior spring soybean varieties suitable for this pattern remain unavailable in Huainan ecological zone. To screen suitable spring soybean varieties for soybean-maize strip intercropping system in this region, this study investigated the growth characteristics and yield performance of 16 spring soybean varieties under the intercropping pattern. Comprehensive evaluation showed that varieties 75-3, 95-1, and Sucheng 8 demonstrated better adaptability to the soybean-maize strip intercropping system in Huainan ecological zone. This research provides recommended spring soybean varieties for strip intercropping cultivation in Huainan region, and offers reference for variety selection under this planting pattern.

Key words: soybean, strip intercropping, variety screening, yield

中图分类号:

S529

周瑶, 周恩强, 朱宇翔, 姚梦楠, 缪亚梅, 李波, 赵娜, 魏利斌, 王永强, 王学军. 淮南生态区大豆玉米带状复合种植模式下春大豆的品种筛选[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(7): 1598-1602.

ZHOU Yao, ZHOU Enqiang, ZHU Yuxiang, YAO Mengnan, MIAO Yamei, LI Bo, ZHAO Na, WEI Libin, WANG Yongqiang, WANG Xuejun. Variety screening of spring soybean in soybean-maize strip intercropping system in Huainan ecological zone[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(7): 1598-1602.

图/表 4

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品种	播种期 (月-日)	成熟收获期 (月-日)	全生育期/ d
苏成2号	04-17	07-19	93
苏成4号	04-17	07-10	84
苏成6号	04-17	07-05	79
苏成8号	04-17	07-19	93
苏成9号	04-17	07-19	93
开科源5号	04-17	07-05	79
开科源12号	04-17	07-10	84
沈鲜3号	04-17	07-05	79
沈鲜35	04-17	07-05	79
75-3	04-17	07-19	93
95-1	04-17	07-05	79
俏江南	04-17	07-05	79
春丰早	04-17	07-19	93
香酥1号	04-17	07-19	93
辽鲜1号	04-17	07-19	93
新选88	04-17	07-19	93

品种	播种期 (月-日)	成熟收获期 (月-日)	全生育期/ d
苏成2号	04-17	07-19	93
苏成4号	04-17	07-10	84
苏成6号	04-17	07-05	79
苏成8号	04-17	07-19	93
苏成9号	04-17	07-19	93
开科源5号	04-17	07-05	79
开科源12号	04-17	07-10	84
沈鲜3号	04-17	07-05	79
沈鲜35	04-17	07-05	79
75-3	04-17	07-19	93
95-1	04-17	07-05	79
俏江南	04-17	07-05	79
春丰早	04-17	07-19	93
香酥1号	04-17	07-19	93
辽鲜1号	04-17	07-19	93
新选88	04-17	07-19	93

品种	处理	株高/ cm	底荚高/ cm	主茎节数	有效分枝数	单株秕荚数	单株单粒荚数	单株多粒荚数	单株总荚数	5株粒重/ g	出籽率/ %	百粒重/ g	荚长/ cm	荚宽/ cm
俏江南	1	21.60 a	7.10 a	7.40 a	1.80 a	8.00 a	30.00 a	84.00 a	122.00 a	108.60 a	0.44 a	62.50 a	49.50 a	12.50 a
	2	19.88 a	6.75 a	7.07 a	2.73 a	6.00 a	29.33 a	72.33 a	107.67 a	99.57 a	0.44 a	57.27 a	50.00 a	12.73 a
	3	20.12 a	6.64 a	7.25 a	1.80 a	20.00 a	26.00 a	67.00 a	113.00 a	102.40 a	0.43 a	59.50 a	50.30 a	12.50 a
开科源5号	1	26.10 a	10.20 a	7.80 a	1.80 a	8.00 a	28.00 a	86.00 a	122.00 a	111.40 a	0.44 a	59.50 a	50.00 a	12.40 a
	2	24.61 a	8.17 a	8.07 a	2.80 a	10.00 a	44.00 a	101.00 a	159.50 a	145.90 a	0.47 a	59.47 a	49.27 a	12.40 a
	3	27.00 a	7.32 a	8.00 a	2.20 a	18.00 a	33.00 a	60.00 a	111.00 a	108.70 a	0.49 a	—	45.50 a	11.50 a
开科源12号	1	44.90 c	7.50 b	12.60 a	1.00 a	23.00 a	19.00 a	79.00 a	121.00 a	124.20 a	0.49 a	62.30 b	55.50 a	13.50 a
	2	60.53 b	9.40 b	13.07 a	1.33 a	30.67 a	20.67 a	73.67 a	125.00 a	107.87 a	0.51 a	61.00 b	53.17 a	11.83 a
	3	74.96 a	12.40 a	13.40 a	1.20 a	17.00 a	36.00 a	93.00 a	146.00 a	211.40 a	0.53 a	78.10 a	50.50 a	13.00 a
苏成2号	2	56.60 a	8.83 a	13.40 a	1.93 a	10.67 a	29.67 a	81.67 a	122.00 a	161.85 a	0.54 a	83.10 a	55.43 a	13.57 a
	3	71.80 a	8.10 a	14.40 a	1.40 a	42.00 a	27.00 a	75.00 a	144.00 a	113.00 a	0.43 a	75.56 a	53.20 a	11.70 a
苏成4号	1	36.90 a	10.00 a	12.00 a	4.00 b	25.00 a	54.00 ab	105.00 ab	184.00 ab	165.70 a	0.46 a	61.60 a	54.70 a	13.50 a
	2	43.77 a	11.20 a	10.93 a	2.87 b	13.67 a	30.33 b	62.00 b	106.00 b	83.49 a	0.45 a	60.63 a	49.67 a	12.33 a
	3	37.90 a	7.00 a	12.00 a	5.20 a	20.00 a	86.00 a	173.00 a	279.00 a	236.50 a	0.44 a	70.70 a	51.00 a	13.00 a
苏成6号	1	24.80 b	9.20 ab	8.00 a	1.60 a	8.00 a	24.00 a	72.00 a	104.00 a	125.20 a	0.50 a	66.60 a	50.20 a	12.50 a
	2	24.57 b	8.24 b	7.57 a	2.93 a	7.25 a	23.67 a	88.83 a	119.75 a	127.95 a	0.49 a	61.47 a	50.33 a	12.47 a
	3	38.00 a	11.20 a	7.60 a	2.00 a	4.00 a	27.00 a	71.00 a	102.00 a	112.90 a	0.51 a	62.70 a	48.30 a	12.00 a
苏成8号	1	28.50 b	12.00 a	11.60 a	2.00 a	0.00 a	38.00 a	50.00 a	88.00 a	132.45 a	0.52 a	96.27 a	59.50 a	14.00 a
	2	49.50 a	11.87 a	13.13 a	1.80 a	13.67 a	36.33 a	76.00 a	126.00 a	172.76 a	0.53 a	91.04 a	57.27 a	13.47 a
	3	37.10 b	8.90 a	11.80 a	2.40 a	12.00 a	72.00 a	71.00 a	155.00 a	159.28 a	0.47 a	77.49 a	48.00 a	11.80 a
苏成9号	1	46.40 b	11.00 a	11.00 b	0.20 b	6.00 a	38.00 a	35.00 a	79.00 a	95.02 a	0.48 a	86.83 a	58.00 a	14.10 a
	2	48.00 b	10.21 a	12.33 b	1.13 b	18.00 a	35.67 a	52.33 a	106.00 a	119.92 a	0.50 a	80.48 a	55.70 a	14.17 a
	3	58.80 a	8.70 a	14.20 a	2.40 a	18.00 a	50.00 a	95.00 a	163.00 a	201.30 a	0.45 a	86.14 a	60.00 a	13.10 a
75-3	1	25.50 a	7.20 a	8.60 a	3.20 a	9.00 a	39.00 a	81.00 a	129.00 a	132.00 a	0.51 a	69.50 a	47.50 a	12.20 a
	2	27.49 a	9.11 a	8.60 a	2.80 a	9.00 a	52.00 a	56.00 a	117.00 a	114.00 a	0.52 a	71.70 a	49.40 a	12.90 a
	3	27.50 a	6.46 a	7.80 a	3.40 a	10.00 a	53.00 a	65.00 a	128.00 a	134.50 a	0.52 a	72.80 a	50.50 a	13.00 a
95-1	1	40.60 b	12.80 a	10.80 a	2.00 a	7.00 a	60.00 a	43.00 a	110.00 a	131.67 a	0.43 a	96.40 a	56.00 a	14.60 a
	2	46.11 b	13.47 a	10.64 a	1.73 a	10.67 a	48.33 a	44.67 a	103.67 a	157.21 a	0.58 a	90.32 a	60.47 a	13.93 a
	3	56.70 a	12.20 a	11.80 a	2.50 a	5.00 a	61.00 a	86.00 a	152.00 a	198.02 a	0.47 a	93.04 a	56.00 a	14.00 a
沈鲜3号	2	24.43 a	8.02 a	7.80 a	2.73 a	10.33 a	31.33 a	57.33 a	99.00 a	93.43 a	0.47 a	62.57 a	52.67 a	12.83 a
	3	28.40 a	7.40 a	7.60 a	2.40 a	16.00 a	33.00 a	59.00 a	108.00 a	85.10 a	0.42 a	57.20 a	49.50 a	13.80 a
沈鲜35	1	19.36 a	7.50 a	7.40 a	3.20 a	10.00 a	30.00 a	56.00 a	96.00 a	99.50 a	—	62.80 a	47.50 a	13.20 a
	2	21.46 a	8.64 a	7.21 a	2.50 a	9.25 a	23.00 a	61.25 a	93.50 a	86.63 a	0.46 a	66.17 a	50.83 a	13.23 a
	3	22.50 a	7.88 a	7.00 a	2.75 a	8.75 a	21.25 a	57.50 a	87.50 a	94.50 a	0.46 a	66.00 a	50.50 a	12.80 a
新选88	1	23.20 a	6.40 a	9.60 a	3.20 a	5.00 a	51.00 a	80.00 a	136.00 a	156.50 a	0.48 a	81.95 a	54.30 a	14.20 a
	2	29.83 a	7.67 a	10.87 a	2.60 a	12.00 a	53.67 a	79.67 a	145.33 a	141.82 a	0.46 a	72.56 b	50.10 a	13.93 a
	3	35.80 a	6.90 a	11.00 a	3.00 a	9.00 a	42.00 a	50.00 a	101.00 a	133.66 a	0.49 a	80.85 a	51.00 a	14.00 a
春丰早	1	33.50 ab	12.10 a	10.60 a	2.40 a	11.00 a	51.00 a	62.00 a	124.00 a	160.03 a	0.43 a	94.72 a	63.80 a	14.50 a
	2	43.43 a	11.83 a	10.53 a	2.07 a	10.33 a	42.67 a	62.00 a	115.00 a	147.83 a	0.46 a	98.38 a	61.00 a	13.90 a
	3	31.10 b	4.70 b	11.60 a	3.00 a	6.00 a	69.00 a	42.00 a	117.00 a	121.92 a	0.42 a	77.72 b	51.50 a	12.50 a
香酥1号	1	44.40 a	8.60 a	11.80 a	1.60 a	16.00 a	32.00 a	82.00 a	130.00 a	130.45 a	0.54 a	68.92 a	50.50 a	13.00 a
	2	57.68 a	8.27 a	13.73 a	1.53 a	21.00 a	42.33 a	101.67 a	165.00 a	187.67 a	0.53 a	73.60 a	51.23 a	12.87 a
	3	60.60 a	5.75 a	14.20 a	1.40 a	28.00 a	45.00 a	112.00 a	185.00 a	154.90 a	0.47 b	73.47 a	53.40 a	13.10 a
辽鲜1号	1	24.75 a	9.38 a	8.75 a	2.67 a	7.50 a	58.75 a	60.00 a	126.25 a	117.86 a	0.42 a	73.23 a	54.00 a	14.00 a
	2	28.92 a	8.07 a	9.86 a	3.43 a	12.91 a	63.25 a	89.75 a	165.91 a	139.48 a	0.42 a	69.37 a	54.90 a	13.57 a
	3	33.90 a	3.60 a	10.00 a	3.40 a	43.00 a	63.00 a	114.00 a	220.00 a	—	—	—	53.30 a	14.00 a

品种	处理	株高/ cm	底荚高/ cm	主茎节数	有效分枝数	单株秕荚数	单株单粒荚数	单株多粒荚数	单株总荚数	5株粒重/ g	出籽率/ %	百粒重/ g	荚长/ cm	荚宽/ cm
俏江南	1	21.60 a	7.10 a	7.40 a	1.80 a	8.00 a	30.00 a	84.00 a	122.00 a	108.60 a	0.44 a	62.50 a	49.50 a	12.50 a
	2	19.88 a	6.75 a	7.07 a	2.73 a	6.00 a	29.33 a	72.33 a	107.67 a	99.57 a	0.44 a	57.27 a	50.00 a	12.73 a
	3	20.12 a	6.64 a	7.25 a	1.80 a	20.00 a	26.00 a	67.00 a	113.00 a	102.40 a	0.43 a	59.50 a	50.30 a	12.50 a
开科源5号	1	26.10 a	10.20 a	7.80 a	1.80 a	8.00 a	28.00 a	86.00 a	122.00 a	111.40 a	0.44 a	59.50 a	50.00 a	12.40 a
	2	24.61 a	8.17 a	8.07 a	2.80 a	10.00 a	44.00 a	101.00 a	159.50 a	145.90 a	0.47 a	59.47 a	49.27 a	12.40 a
	3	27.00 a	7.32 a	8.00 a	2.20 a	18.00 a	33.00 a	60.00 a	111.00 a	108.70 a	0.49 a	—	45.50 a	11.50 a
开科源12号	1	44.90 c	7.50 b	12.60 a	1.00 a	23.00 a	19.00 a	79.00 a	121.00 a	124.20 a	0.49 a	62.30 b	55.50 a	13.50 a
	2	60.53 b	9.40 b	13.07 a	1.33 a	30.67 a	20.67 a	73.67 a	125.00 a	107.87 a	0.51 a	61.00 b	53.17 a	11.83 a
	3	74.96 a	12.40 a	13.40 a	1.20 a	17.00 a	36.00 a	93.00 a	146.00 a	211.40 a	0.53 a	78.10 a	50.50 a	13.00 a
苏成2号	2	56.60 a	8.83 a	13.40 a	1.93 a	10.67 a	29.67 a	81.67 a	122.00 a	161.85 a	0.54 a	83.10 a	55.43 a	13.57 a
	3	71.80 a	8.10 a	14.40 a	1.40 a	42.00 a	27.00 a	75.00 a	144.00 a	113.00 a	0.43 a	75.56 a	53.20 a	11.70 a
苏成4号	1	36.90 a	10.00 a	12.00 a	4.00 b	25.00 a	54.00 ab	105.00 ab	184.00 ab	165.70 a	0.46 a	61.60 a	54.70 a	13.50 a
	2	43.77 a	11.20 a	10.93 a	2.87 b	13.67 a	30.33 b	62.00 b	106.00 b	83.49 a	0.45 a	60.63 a	49.67 a	12.33 a
	3	37.90 a	7.00 a	12.00 a	5.20 a	20.00 a	86.00 a	173.00 a	279.00 a	236.50 a	0.44 a	70.70 a	51.00 a	13.00 a
苏成6号	1	24.80 b	9.20 ab	8.00 a	1.60 a	8.00 a	24.00 a	72.00 a	104.00 a	125.20 a	0.50 a	66.60 a	50.20 a	12.50 a
	2	24.57 b	8.24 b	7.57 a	2.93 a	7.25 a	23.67 a	88.83 a	119.75 a	127.95 a	0.49 a	61.47 a	50.33 a	12.47 a
	3	38.00 a	11.20 a	7.60 a	2.00 a	4.00 a	27.00 a	71.00 a	102.00 a	112.90 a	0.51 a	62.70 a	48.30 a	12.00 a
苏成8号	1	28.50 b	12.00 a	11.60 a	2.00 a	0.00 a	38.00 a	50.00 a	88.00 a	132.45 a	0.52 a	96.27 a	59.50 a	14.00 a
	2	49.50 a	11.87 a	13.13 a	1.80 a	13.67 a	36.33 a	76.00 a	126.00 a	172.76 a	0.53 a	91.04 a	57.27 a	13.47 a
	3	37.10 b	8.90 a	11.80 a	2.40 a	12.00 a	72.00 a	71.00 a	155.00 a	159.28 a	0.47 a	77.49 a	48.00 a	11.80 a
苏成9号	1	46.40 b	11.00 a	11.00 b	0.20 b	6.00 a	38.00 a	35.00 a	79.00 a	95.02 a	0.48 a	86.83 a	58.00 a	14.10 a
	2	48.00 b	10.21 a	12.33 b	1.13 b	18.00 a	35.67 a	52.33 a	106.00 a	119.92 a	0.50 a	80.48 a	55.70 a	14.17 a
	3	58.80 a	8.70 a	14.20 a	2.40 a	18.00 a	50.00 a	95.00 a	163.00 a	201.30 a	0.45 a	86.14 a	60.00 a	13.10 a
75-3	1	25.50 a	7.20 a	8.60 a	3.20 a	9.00 a	39.00 a	81.00 a	129.00 a	132.00 a	0.51 a	69.50 a	47.50 a	12.20 a
	2	27.49 a	9.11 a	8.60 a	2.80 a	9.00 a	52.00 a	56.00 a	117.00 a	114.00 a	0.52 a	71.70 a	49.40 a	12.90 a
	3	27.50 a	6.46 a	7.80 a	3.40 a	10.00 a	53.00 a	65.00 a	128.00 a	134.50 a	0.52 a	72.80 a	50.50 a	13.00 a
95-1	1	40.60 b	12.80 a	10.80 a	2.00 a	7.00 a	60.00 a	43.00 a	110.00 a	131.67 a	0.43 a	96.40 a	56.00 a	14.60 a
	2	46.11 b	13.47 a	10.64 a	1.73 a	10.67 a	48.33 a	44.67 a	103.67 a	157.21 a	0.58 a	90.32 a	60.47 a	13.93 a
	3	56.70 a	12.20 a	11.80 a	2.50 a	5.00 a	61.00 a	86.00 a	152.00 a	198.02 a	0.47 a	93.04 a	56.00 a	14.00 a
沈鲜3号	2	24.43 a	8.02 a	7.80 a	2.73 a	10.33 a	31.33 a	57.33 a	99.00 a	93.43 a	0.47 a	62.57 a	52.67 a	12.83 a
	3	28.40 a	7.40 a	7.60 a	2.40 a	16.00 a	33.00 a	59.00 a	108.00 a	85.10 a	0.42 a	57.20 a	49.50 a	13.80 a
沈鲜35	1	19.36 a	7.50 a	7.40 a	3.20 a	10.00 a	30.00 a	56.00 a	96.00 a	99.50 a	—	62.80 a	47.50 a	13.20 a
	2	21.46 a	8.64 a	7.21 a	2.50 a	9.25 a	23.00 a	61.25 a	93.50 a	86.63 a	0.46 a	66.17 a	50.83 a	13.23 a
	3	22.50 a	7.88 a	7.00 a	2.75 a	8.75 a	21.25 a	57.50 a	87.50 a	94.50 a	0.46 a	66.00 a	50.50 a	12.80 a
新选88	1	23.20 a	6.40 a	9.60 a	3.20 a	5.00 a	51.00 a	80.00 a	136.00 a	156.50 a	0.48 a	81.95 a	54.30 a	14.20 a
	2	29.83 a	7.67 a	10.87 a	2.60 a	12.00 a	53.67 a	79.67 a	145.33 a	141.82 a	0.46 a	72.56 b	50.10 a	13.93 a
	3	35.80 a	6.90 a	11.00 a	3.00 a	9.00 a	42.00 a	50.00 a	101.00 a	133.66 a	0.49 a	80.85 a	51.00 a	14.00 a
春丰早	1	33.50 ab	12.10 a	10.60 a	2.40 a	11.00 a	51.00 a	62.00 a	124.00 a	160.03 a	0.43 a	94.72 a	63.80 a	14.50 a
	2	43.43 a	11.83 a	10.53 a	2.07 a	10.33 a	42.67 a	62.00 a	115.00 a	147.83 a	0.46 a	98.38 a	61.00 a	13.90 a
	3	31.10 b	4.70 b	11.60 a	3.00 a	6.00 a	69.00 a	42.00 a	117.00 a	121.92 a	0.42 a	77.72 b	51.50 a	12.50 a
香酥1号	1	44.40 a	8.60 a	11.80 a	1.60 a	16.00 a	32.00 a	82.00 a	130.00 a	130.45 a	0.54 a	68.92 a	50.50 a	13.00 a
	2	57.68 a	8.27 a	13.73 a	1.53 a	21.00 a	42.33 a	101.67 a	165.00 a	187.67 a	0.53 a	73.60 a	51.23 a	12.87 a
	3	60.60 a	5.75 a	14.20 a	1.40 a	28.00 a	45.00 a	112.00 a	185.00 a	154.90 a	0.47 b	73.47 a	53.40 a	13.10 a
辽鲜1号	1	24.75 a	9.38 a	8.75 a	2.67 a	7.50 a	58.75 a	60.00 a	126.25 a	117.86 a	0.42 a	73.23 a	54.00 a	14.00 a
	2	28.92 a	8.07 a	9.86 a	3.43 a	12.91 a	63.25 a	89.75 a	165.91 a	139.48 a	0.42 a	69.37 a	54.90 a	13.57 a
	3	33.90 a	3.60 a	10.00 a	3.40 a	43.00 a	63.00 a	114.00 a	220.00 a	—	—	—	53.30 a	14.00 a

处理	玉米株高/cm	穗位高/cm
复合种植	216.75 a	124.18 a
喷施调节剂的复合种植	219.29 a	123.10 a
纯作种植	207.05 a	113.95 a