江苏沿淮地区半冬性小麦品种筛选与示范

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240840

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为筛选适宜江苏沿淮地区种植的半冬性小麦品种,2022—2023年在江苏沿淮地区的淮海农场、临海农场和新洋农场3个地点开展了品种筛选试验,选用近年审定的具有较大推广潜力的19个半冬性小麦品种,以淮麦33为对照品种,对其田间长势、产量表现及抗性等进行综合筛选鉴定。结果显示,对照品种淮麦33平均产量水平较高,667 m²产量为742.6 kg,郑麦1860和烟农1212两个品种的平均产量高于对照,其中郑麦1860的平均产量相较于对照增产1.0%,烟农1212的平均产量相较于对照增产0.3%。此外,郑麦1860和烟农1212两个品种在3个试点均有较好表现,广适性较强。综上所述,郑麦1860和烟农1212这2个品种可在江苏沿淮地区大面积推广种植。

关键词: 江苏沿淮地区, 半冬性小麦, 广适性, 产量结构

Abstract:

In order to screen semi-wintering wheat varieties suitable for planting in Jiangsu region along Huaihe River, a variety screening test was carried out in Huaihai Farm, Linhai Farm and Xinyang Farm in Jiangsu region along Huaihe River in 2022-2023, selecting 19 semi-wintering wheat varieties validated in recent years with greater potential for popularization, and using Huaimai 33 as the control variety, and carrying out a comprehensive screening and identyficatin of their field growth, yield performance and resistance. The results showed that the average yield level of the control Huaimai 33 was higher and the average yield per 667 m² was 742.6 kg, and the average yields of Zhengmai 1860 and Yannong 1212 varieties were higher than that of the control Huaimai 33, in which the average yield of Zhengmai 1860 increased by 1.0%, and that of Yannong 1212 increased by 0.3% compared with the control. In addition, Zhengmai 1860 and Yannong 1212 varieties have better performance in the three pilots, and are more widely adapted. In summary, Zhengmai 1860 and Yannong 1212 can be widely planted in Jiangsu region along Huaihe River.

Key words: Jiangsu region along Huaihe River, semi-wintering wheat, generalizability, yield structure

中图分类号:

S512.1

徐梦彬, 周星. 江苏沿淮地区半冬性小麦品种筛选与示范[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(4): 897-903.

XU Mengbin, ZHOU Xing. Screening and demonstration of semi-wintering wheat varieties in Jiangsu region along Huaihe River[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(4): 897-903.

图/表 5

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品种	播种期(月-日)			出苗期(月-日)			抽穗期(月-日)
品种	新洋	临海	淮海	新洋	临海	淮海	新洋	临海	淮海
淮麦33(CK)	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-20	04-18	04-21
淮麦44	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-16	04-14	04-18
淮麦45	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-14	04-19
淮麦46	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-18	04-14	04-21
淮麦58	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-14	04-18
淮麦50	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-16	04-13	04-17
淮麦52	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-15	04-18
郑麦0943	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-12	04-19
郑麦1860	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-12	04-19
瑞华麦549	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-17	04-19
淮麦33(CK)	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-20	04-18	04-21
徐麦2023	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-14	04-19
新选979	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-11	04-17
西农979	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-16	04-11	04-16
伟隆169	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-18	04-15	04-19
富麦2000	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-18	04-23
烟农1212	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-18	04-23
华麦2892	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-18	04-19
华麦17V65	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-17	04-19
华麦29262	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-02	10-31	10-30	04-17	04-16	04-20
华麦17	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-17	04-22
淮麦33(CK)	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-20	04-18	04-22
品种	成熟期(月-日)			全生育期/d
品种	新洋	临海	淮海	新洋	临海	淮海	平均
淮麦33(CK)	06-05	05-30	06-08	224	221	228	224
淮麦44	06-05	06-02	06-06	224	224	226	225
淮麦45	06-05	06-02	06-07	224	224	227	225
淮麦46	06-06	06-02	06-08	225	224	228	226
淮麦58	06-06	06-02	06-06	225	224	226	225
淮麦50	06-06	06-02	06-06	225	224	226	225
淮麦52	06-03	06-03	06-06	222	225	226	224
郑麦0943	06-07	06-03	06-08	226	225	228	226
郑麦1860	06-06	06-04	06-08	225	226	228	226
瑞华麦549	06-06	06-06	06-07	225	228	227	227
淮麦33(CK)	06-05	05-30	06-08	224	221	228	224
徐麦2023	06-06	06-02	06-07	225	224	227	225
新选979	06-03	06-01	06-05	222	223	225	223
西农979	06-03	06-01	06-05	222	223	225	223
伟隆169	06-05	06-03	06-07	224	225	227	225
富麦2000	06-05	06-05	06-09	224	227	229	227
烟农1212	06-07	06-05	06-09	226	227	229	227
华麦2892	06-07	06-05	06-07	226	227	227	227
华麦17V65	06-06	06-04	06-07	225	226	227	226
华麦29262	06-03	06-03	06-07	222	226	227	225
华麦17	06-03	06-04	06-09	222	226	229	226
淮麦33(CK)	06-05	05-30	06-08	224	221	228	224

品种	播种期(月-日)			出苗期(月-日)			抽穗期(月-日)
品种	新洋	临海	淮海	新洋	临海	淮海	新洋	临海	淮海
淮麦33(CK)	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-20	04-18	04-21
淮麦44	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-16	04-14	04-18
淮麦45	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-14	04-19
淮麦46	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-18	04-14	04-21
淮麦58	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-14	04-18
淮麦50	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-16	04-13	04-17
淮麦52	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-15	04-18
郑麦0943	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-12	04-19
郑麦1860	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-12	04-19
瑞华麦549	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-17	04-19
淮麦33(CK)	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-20	04-18	04-21
徐麦2023	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-14	04-19
新选979	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-11	04-17
西农979	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-16	04-11	04-16
伟隆169	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-18	04-15	04-19
富麦2000	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-18	04-23
烟农1212	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-29	10-30	04-18	04-18	04-23
华麦2892	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-18	04-19
华麦17V65	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-01	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-17	04-19
华麦29262	10-25	10-23	10-23	11-02	10-31	10-30	04-17	04-16	04-20
华麦17	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-31	10-30	10-30	04-17	04-17	04-22
淮麦33(CK)	10-25	10-23	10-23	10-30	10-29	10-30	04-20	04-18	04-22
品种	成熟期(月-日)			全生育期/d
品种	新洋	临海	淮海	新洋	临海	淮海	平均
淮麦33(CK)	06-05	05-30	06-08	224	221	228	224
淮麦44	06-05	06-02	06-06	224	224	226	225
淮麦45	06-05	06-02	06-07	224	224	227	225
淮麦46	06-06	06-02	06-08	225	224	228	226
淮麦58	06-06	06-02	06-06	225	224	226	225
淮麦50	06-06	06-02	06-06	225	224	226	225
淮麦52	06-03	06-03	06-06	222	225	226	224
郑麦0943	06-07	06-03	06-08	226	225	228	226
郑麦1860	06-06	06-04	06-08	225	226	228	226
瑞华麦549	06-06	06-06	06-07	225	228	227	227
淮麦33(CK)	06-05	05-30	06-08	224	221	228	224
徐麦2023	06-06	06-02	06-07	225	224	227	225
新选979	06-03	06-01	06-05	222	223	225	223
西农979	06-03	06-01	06-05	222	223	225	223
伟隆169	06-05	06-03	06-07	224	225	227	225
富麦2000	06-05	06-05	06-09	224	227	229	227
烟农1212	06-07	06-05	06-09	226	227	229	227
华麦2892	06-07	06-05	06-07	226	227	227	227
华麦17V65	06-06	06-04	06-07	225	226	227	226
华麦29262	06-03	06-03	06-07	222	226	227	225
华麦17	06-03	06-04	06-09	222	226	229	226
淮麦33(CK)	06-05	05-30	06-08	224	221	228	224

品种	每667 m²实际产量/kg
品种	新洋	临海	淮海	平均
淮麦33(CK)	814.2	621.9	772.3	736.1
淮麦44	825.6	480.6	826.3	710.8
淮麦45	818.9	464.0	830.4	704.4
淮麦46	748.4	460.7	763.3	657.5
淮麦58	767.4	587.0	734.6	696.3
淮麦50	773.6	608.9	750.3	710.9
淮麦52	729.4	543.1	740.1	670.9
郑麦0943	729.7	590.3	763.0	694.3
郑麦1860	826.7	648.3	775.1	750.0
瑞华麦549	724.6	690.1	739.8	718.2
淮麦33(CK)	799.6	660.7	790.8	750.4
徐麦2023	741.0	627.8	769.0	712.6
新选979	752.4	460.7	717.3	643.5
西农979	774.6	469.9	665.9	636.8
伟隆169	788.0	467.3	707.5	654.3
富麦2000	815.2	622.9	684.8	707.6
烟农1212	772.3	655.7	805.6	744.5
华麦2892	733.4	632.8	731.4	699.2
华麦17V65	786.8	563.1	719.2	689.7
华麦29262	776.8	618.9	690.8	695.5
华麦17	823.2	697.6	691.0	737.3
淮麦33(CK)	778.0	679.7	766.3	741.3

品种	每667 m²实际产量/kg
品种	新洋	临海	淮海	平均
淮麦33(CK)	814.2	621.9	772.3	736.1
淮麦44	825.6	480.6	826.3	710.8
淮麦45	818.9	464.0	830.4	704.4
淮麦46	748.4	460.7	763.3	657.5
淮麦58	767.4	587.0	734.6	696.3
淮麦50	773.6	608.9	750.3	710.9
淮麦52	729.4	543.1	740.1	670.9
郑麦0943	729.7	590.3	763.0	694.3
郑麦1860	826.7	648.3	775.1	750.0
瑞华麦549	724.6	690.1	739.8	718.2
淮麦33(CK)	799.6	660.7	790.8	750.4
徐麦2023	741.0	627.8	769.0	712.6
新选979	752.4	460.7	717.3	643.5
西农979	774.6	469.9	665.9	636.8
伟隆169	788.0	467.3	707.5	654.3
富麦2000	815.2	622.9	684.8	707.6
烟农1212	772.3	655.7	805.6	744.5
华麦2892	733.4	632.8	731.4	699.2
华麦17V65	786.8	563.1	719.2	689.7
华麦29262	776.8	618.9	690.8	695.5
华麦17	823.2	697.6	691.0	737.3
淮麦33(CK)	778.0	679.7	766.3	741.3

品种	667 m²有效穗/万								实粒数/(粒·穗^-1)									千粒重/g
品种	新洋		临海		淮海		平均		新洋		临海			淮海		平均		新洋	临海	淮海	平均
淮麦33(CK)	33.8		34.9		39.9		36.2		53.0		58.5		45.8			52.4		46.7	42.4	45.5	44.9
淮麦44	41.4		31.7		49.8		41.0		44.0		41.0		38.3			41.1		51.7	41.5	47.1	46.8
淮麦45	35.5		30.7		49.2		38.5		40.0		44.7		37.3			40.7		49.9	41.2	46.4	45.8
淮麦46	36.2		29.0		42.6		35.9		48.0		50.3		43.1			47.1		48.3	40.3	43.3	44.0
淮麦58	38.6		37.0		45.2		40.3		42.0		48.5		34.8			41.8		48.4	42.6	47.3	46.1
淮麦50	35.7		35.9		42.9		38.2		47.0		54.0		40.0			47.0		47.3	42.7	46.3	45.4
淮麦52	30.6		35.4		41.6		35.9		43.0		45.2		39.0			42.4		51.8	44.2	48.4	48.1
郑麦0943	38.3		39.8		47.5		41.9		40.0		49.7		34.1			41.3		48.3	44.3	49.1	47.2
郑麦1860	34.6		38.9		40.3		37.9		42.0		44.8		36.4			41.1		53.2	49.0	53.3	51.8
瑞华麦549	36.5		39.8		40.6		39.0		46.0		43.8		39.8			43.2		48.2	45.2	47.4	46.9
淮麦33(CK)	37.0		39.2		39.6		38.6		48.0		49.7		45.6			47.8		47.1	42.1	45.4	44.9
徐麦2023	36.8		43.3		47.2		42.4		50.0		48.7		38.6			45.8		46.4	40.5	43.0	43.3
新选979	44.4		40.2		46.2		43.6		41.0		45.8		36.3			41.0		45.4	35.0	42.3	40.9
西农979	46.8		31.8		53.1		43.9		44.0		37.0		31.2			37.4		45.0	39.6	42.7	42.4
伟隆169	40.8		37.4		44.2		40.8		49.0		45.4		36.8			43.7		44.6	38.3	44.5	42.5
富麦2000	42.4		43.0		49.5		45.0		43.0		40.7		30.1			37.9		49.1	41.6	46.6	45.8
烟农1212	43.2		35.2		46.2		41.5		41.0		40.4		38.7			40.0		51.2	46.4	45.4	47.7
华麦2892	43.4		42.0		49.2		44.9		43.0		47.6		37.9			42.8		45.5	40.2	42.5	42.7
华麦17V65	44.2		43.0		50.2		45.8		42.0		40.9		33.8			38.9		47.3	39.7	45.1	44.0
华麦29262	43.2		42.6		50.8		45.5		44.0		40.4		36.1			40.2		47.0	40.7	40.5	42.7
华麦17	33.4		39.3		40.9		37.9		46.0		51.9		39.9			45.9		49.5	45.6	43.8	46.3
淮麦33(CK)	36.7		40.0		38.9		38.5		53.0		54.2		46.6			51.3		48.9	42.2	42.4	44.5
品种		结实率/%								株高/cm
品种		新洋		临海		淮海		平均		新洋		临海			淮海		平均
淮麦33(CK)		95.5		90.9		93.2		93.2		87.4		84.0			97.0		89.5
淮麦44		95.4		87.4		91.4		91.4		85.2		74.0			96.0		85.1
淮麦45		94.0		88.4		91.2		91.2		87.8		66.0			95.0		82.9
淮麦46		95.3		91.8		93.6		93.6		82.6		63.0			88.0		77.9
淮麦58		91.1		89.0		90.1		90.1		82.8		82.3			94.0		86.4
淮麦50		94.9		90.0		92.5		92.5		86.4		84.7			98.0		89.7
淮麦52		93.6		89.0		91.3		91.3		86.4		79.7			95.0		87.0
郑麦0943		92.3		85.8		89.1		89.1		79.8		68.3			88.0		78.7
郑麦1860		87.4		88.4		87.9		87.9		81.8		78.7			91.0		83.8
瑞华麦549		94.6		93.0		93.8		93.8		88.0		84.0			99.0		90.3
淮麦33(CK)		91.1		89.2		90.2		90.2		87.2		86.0			94.0		89.1
徐麦2023		90.8		88.4		89.6		89.6		84.6		76.3			92.0		84.3
新选979		87.6		89.4		88.5		88.5		78.0		72.3			86.0		78.8
西农979		84.3		83.7		84.0		84.0		92.8		69.0			99.0		86.9
伟隆169		87.0		86.5		86.8		86.8		83.4		68.3			88.0		79.9
富麦2000		91.3		84.9		88.1		88.1		91.0		82.3			98.0		90.4
烟农1212		80.9		85.2		83.1		83.1		84.6		76.0			97.0		85.9
华麦2892		89.4		85.5		87.5		87.5		92.4		86.0			100.0		92.8
华麦17V65		94.2		87.4		90.8		90.8		81.8		83.0			94.0		86.3
华麦29262		95.4		89.1		92.3		92.3		82.2		81.7			92.0		85.3
华麦17		93.4		89.3		91.4		91.4		82.8		77.0			93.0		84.3
淮麦33(CK)		94.4		90.7		92.6		92.6		83.4		89.7			95.0		89.4