浙江农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (10): 2387-2392.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230679

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

优质高产鲜食玉米新品种的引进与筛选

陈有来1(), 张萍2, 赵福成2,*(), 陈忠友3, 卢人法4   

  1. 1.磐安县双溪乡综合农技服务中心,浙江 磐安 322308
    2.浙江省农业科学院 玉米与特色旱粮研究所,浙江 东阳 322100
    3.磐安县冷水镇综合农技服务中心,浙江 磐安 322305
    4.磐安县小春蔬菜专业合作社,浙江 磐安 322308
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-29 出版日期:2024-10-11 发布日期:2024-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 赵福成(1980—),男,山东嘉祥人,副研究员,从事玉米育种工作,E-mail:encliff@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈有来(1966—),男,浙江磐安人,高级农艺师,E-mail:3341406822@qq.com

Introducing and screening of new high-quality and high-yield fresh maize varieties

CHEN Youlai1(), ZHANG Ping2, ZHAO Fucheng2,*(), CHEN Zhongyou3, LU Renfa4   

  1. 1. Comprehensive Agricultural Technology Service Center of Shuangxi Town, Pan'an County, Pan'an 322308, Zhejiang
    2. Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang 322100, Zhejiang
    3. Comprehensive Agricultural Technology Service Center of Lengshui Town, Pan'an County, Pan'an 322305, Zhejiang
    4. Xiaochun Vegetable Specialized Cooperative of Pan'an County, Pan'an 322308, Zhejiang
  • Received:2023-06-29 Online:2024-10-11 Published:2024-10-25

摘要:

我国鲜食玉米品种繁多,为筛选出适合在双溪乡种植并能适应市场需求的鲜食玉米品种,同时探索影响鲜食玉米产量的关键植株和穗部形态,该研究以7个甜玉米品种和8个糯玉米品种为试验材料,分析植株形态、穗部形态、产量和产量构成。研究表明,相较于穗粒数和鲜千粒重,鲜籽粒产量对甜玉米产量的贡献更大;糯玉米的产量与鲜千粒重更相关。通过进一步分析株高、穗位高、穗长和穗粗等植株和穗部农艺性状与产量和产量构成因素的相关性,发现产量与穗位高系数和穗粗显著正相关。通过试验,甜玉米组筛选出脆白甜926、浙甜922,糯玉米组筛选出黑甜糯168、浙糯玉21。这4个品种综合性状表现突出,具有丰产性好、品质优、抗倒伏、适应性强等特点,具有较高推广价值,可在磐安县增加种植面积。

关键词: 鲜食玉米, 产量, 品种引进, 品种筛选

Abstract:

There are numerous fresh maize varieties in China. In order to select suitable fresh maize varieties for cultivation in Shuangxi and also align with market demands, this study used seven sweet maize varieties and eight waxy maize varieties as experimental materials. Plant and ear morphology, yield and yield components were further analyzed to explore the key plant and ear morphology factors that affect the fresh maize yield. This study showed that fresh grain yield contributes more to the yield of sweet maize, compared with kernel number and fresh 1000-kernel weight; while the yield of waxy maize is more closely related to fresh 1000-kernel weight. Further more, the correlation between plant and ear agronomic traits including plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, yield and yield components revealed that yield was significantly positively correlated with ear-plant height ratio and ear diameter. In this study, the sweet maize Cuibaitian 926 and Zhetian 922, and the waxy maize Heitiannuo 168 and Zhenuoyu 21 exhibited outstanding comprehensive traits, including high yield and quality, resistance to lodging and strong adaptability. These varieties possessed high popularization value and can be cultivated on a larger area in Pan'an.

Key words: fresh maize, yield, variety introduction, variety screening

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