Abstract:

Utilizing fallow winter farmland to plant rapeseed for vegetable and green manure dual-use can increase the income of tobacco farmers, improve soil quality, balance nutrients, prevent soil-borne diseases, and enhance the yield and quality of subsequent crops. A field experiment was conducted using the Fengyou 10 variety as the test material to study the effects of harvesting rapeseed shoots at different heights on the yield (weight fresh) and quality of bolt, as well as the biomass before overturning of rapeseed. The results showed that the highest yield of rapeseed bolt was achieved when harvested at a height of 20 cm, while the lowest yield was observed when harvested at a height of 30 cm. The trend in biomass before overturning was the opposite. Harvesting methods on the quality of rapeseed stems varied depending on the growth height and cutting length at the time of harvesting. When the stems were harvested at a height of 20 cm, the soluble sugar content is the highest if they were cut from the base. At a height of 30 cm, the stems exhibited significantly higher levels of crude fiber, protein, and Zn compared with other treatments. When harvested at 40 cm, the vitamin C content was significantly higher than in other treatments. Harvesting at 20 cm resulted in a significantly lower biomass before overturning compared with other treatments. No significant differences were observed among the other treatments. For winter fallow field planted with rapeseed for vegetable and green manure dual-use, shoots harvested at a height of 40 cm with a 25 cm topping length. This approach ensures high rapeseed shoots yield while maintaining sufficient biomass for green manure, both economic and ecological benefits.

Key words: rapeseed shoots, harvesting method, vegetable and green manure dual-use, winter fallow fields, yield, quality, biomass