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Practice and path optimizing research of crop germplasm resources conservation in Zhejiang Province CHEN Xiaoyang, LI Yan, WU Zaogui 2024, 65 (12):  2813-2818.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240491 Abstract ( 120 )   HTML ( 49 )   PDF (1255KB) ( 264 )   Crop germplasm resources are the foundation and source of seed industry.In recent years,Zhejiang Province thoroughly implements the concept of innovative development, creatively promotes the conservation and management of crop germplasm resources.Taking the general survey and collection as the starting point,Zhejiang Province constructs the protection system and realizes the sharing and utilization of crop germplasm resources.In this paper, the innovative practice path and effect of promoting the protection of crop germplasm resources are summarized,the main problems encountered and the experiences gained are analyzed,the solutions and suggestions for further strengthening the protection of germplasm resources are put forward. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Opportunities, challenges and case practice of digital empowerment for future rural development in Zhejiang Province WU Jia, CHEN Ying 2024, 65 (12):  2819-2825.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230936 Abstract ( 98 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (2009KB) ( 184 )   The future village is the basic unit of the common prosperity and modernization in Zhejiang Province, and the digital economy provides a new engine for the future rural development of Zhejiang Province. Under the background of digital village construction, this paper adopted the single case study method based on the multi-functional theory perspective to conduct a case study on the first batch of future villages in Jinhua City-Yanggang Village, Youbu Town, Lanxi City, to discuss the opportunities and challenges faced by future rural development in Zhejiang, and put forward the path of digital empowerment for future rural construction, with a view to providing theoretical and practical reference for future rural construction. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mutation screening and identification of wide-compatibility restorer rice line resistant to imidazolinone herbicide DONG Junjie, ZHANG Xinyue, FU Haowei, LI Youfa 2024, 65 (12):  2826-2829.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231201 Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (3774KB) ( 271 )   Breeding for rice varieties with resistance to imidazolinone herbicides is one of the most economical and effective strategies to control weeds in rice fields. Imidazolinone herbicides target acetyllactate synthase and can control the vast majority of common weeds in rice fields. In this study, we screened 12 rice materials resistant to imidazolinone herbicides by inducing the wide-compatibility restorer line DR610 with 350 Gy 60Co-γ radiation and EMS mutagens.Through pairing with the three japonica male sterile lines J14A, Changgeng 1A, and Zhegeng 7A, three wide-compatibility restoring lines were ultimately screened. Furthermore, sequence analysis showed that G/A mutation at position 1 880 of ALS gene, which led to 627th amino acid alteration from serine to asparagine, conferring herbicide resistance to three wide-compatibility restoring lines. This study was the first to screen herbicide-resistant wide-compatibility restorer lines by double mutagenesis with a practical potential in breeding for new herbicide-resistant indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer with equal nitrogen level on rice yield, quality, and plant traits YANG Jiajia, GUO Rui, ZHANG Riliang, ZHANG Zhe, WANG Jingbang, YAO Yanlai 2024, 65 (12):  2830-2934.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230953 Abstract ( 120 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1306KB) ( 253 )   Partially replacing chemical fertilizers by organic fertilizers can improve soil quality and fertility, which is conducive to the green and sustainable development of agricultural soil. In this study, to determine the appropriate proportion of organic fertilizers to partially replace chemical fertilizers in rice planting and achieve the chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement, the early rice variety Zhongzu 18 was used for analyzing rice yield, rice quality, and plant traits. The results showed that compared with CK, fertilization significantly increased rice yield; compared with CF, the rice yield of 60M treatment was reduced considerably, and 45% was the maximum organic fertilizer replacement ratio that did not affect rice yield. Compared with CK, fertilization significantly increased the head rice rate, chalky grain rate, starch content and protein content; compared with CF, the head rice rate and starch content of rice in 60M treatment were significantly reduced, and 45% was the maximum organic fertilizer replacement ratio that did not affect rice quality. Compared with CK, fertilization significantly increased plant height, tiller number, effective panicle number, panicle number, and panicle length; compared with CF, organic fertilizer substitution did not affect rice plant growth traits. Compared with CK, fertilization significantly changed the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the plants; compared with CF, the nitrogen and potassium content of the plants in the 60M treatment was significantly reduced, and 45% was the maximum organic fertilizer substitution ratio that did not affect plant nutrients. In summary, compared with the application of chemical fertilizers, the 60% nitrogen substitution treatment of organic fertilizers could have a greater adverse effect on rice yield, rice quality, and plant traits. To achieve the purpose of reducing application quantity of chemical fertilizers and increasing their efficiency, 45% of organic fertilizers and other nitrogen substitutions for chemical fertilizers are the best substitution ratios for rice field cultivation. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative experiment on nitrogen application of slow-release fertilizer on Yongyou series rice in Tonglu County HONG Meiping, NI Zhongying, SHI Yijun, XIE Wei 2024, 65 (12):  2835-2839.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230347 Abstract ( 60 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1290KB) ( 182 )   Under the background of “zero growth” of fertilizers in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, light and simplified fertilization methods based on the requirements of nitrogen reduction, stable rice yield and reduced fertilization times have higher requirements for fertilizer products. In this experiment, the effects of different brands of slow-release fertilizers on the yield and fertility of hybrid rice were explored through the comparative test of nitrogen, such as Dao Jianqiang (N 26%、P2O5 10%、K2O 15%), Hao Legeng (N 18%、P2O5 5%、K2O 10%), Green Energy (N 26%、P2O5 10%、K2O 15%), Wei Si (N 26%、P2O5 10%、K2O 15%).The results showed that the application effects of the four brands of slow-release fertilizer on different fields and different rice varietiesare were slightly different. In Lihu field, Fenshui Town (rice variety Yongyou 12), the treatment with the highest dry grain yield was Wei Si, with a yield of 9 761.9 kg·hm-2, which was 43.5% higher than no fertilizer (CK) and 1.6% higher than conventional fertilization (NPK).Similar rules were also observed in the test site of Leng Shui field (rice variety Yongyou 15) in Baijiang Town. The highest yield was also Wei Si, which was 9 542.7 kg·hm-2, 44.5% higher than no fertilizer (CK) and 4.1% higher than conventional fertilizer (NPK). When other slow-release fertilizer brands were applied, there was no significant difference in rice yield compared with the conventional fertilization (NPK). Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Survey of fertilization methods on single season rice in Nanxun District, Huzhou City LU Jiaquan, SUN Li, YAO Mengya, ZHANG Jinwei, CHEN Yutiao 2024, 65 (12):  2840-2844.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230911 Abstract ( 74 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1270KB) ( 249 )   In order to clarify the fertilization methods in the single season rice production system in the north region of Zhejiang Province to promote efficient fertilizer utilization technologies, a farmer survey was conducted from September to October in the year of 2022 in Nanxun District, Huzhou City, and 45 farmers were surveyed. The survey results indicated that the average applied amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for inbred rice were 228.0, 63.0 and 93.0 kg·hm-2, while for hybrid rice were 258.0, 75.0, 96.0 kg·hm-2, respectively. The fertilizer applied amount for inbred and hybrid rice had been optimized, however, a large change was observed in the phosphorus and potassium application amount among the 45 farmers. The farmers who applied fertilizer for more than twice was over half of the total farmers in this survey, and 43 farmers used formula fertilizer instead of the traditional compound fertilizer, which indicated the split topdressing technology and the formula fertilizer were gradually accepted by farmers. However, the survey results also indicated that most of the farmers still spread the fertilizer into the fields when fertilizing, only 2 farmers used the side deep fertilizing technique. Nevertheless, most of the farmers did not use formula fertilizers according to soil testing formula technology. So, it is necessary to strengthen promotion work to solve the above problems. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on nutrient utilization of maize under tidal soil environment in Xuhuai area GENG Xiaoyue, ZHAO Ping, WANG Wei, DONG Wei, SU Han, ZHANG Qiaofeng, HOU Hui, XU Zhen 2024, 65 (12):  2845-2850.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240130 Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1273KB) ( 169 )   In order to explore the use efficiency of maize to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers under fluvo-aquic soil environment, this study investigated the nutrient use and yield and quality performance of Jinyu 168, a local main maize variety, were studied under eight fertilization measures. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, conventional fertilization without nitrogen significantly reduced the total nitrogen content in maize grains, straw and soil, conventional fertilization without phosphorus treatment significantly reduced the total phosphorus content in maize grains, straw and soil, conventional fertilization without potassium treatment significantly reduced the potassium content in maize grains, straw and soil, and the lack of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer reduced the yield of maize and straw. Compared with conventional fertilization, the maize yield was increased by 0.78% and the straw yield was increased by 4.78% in formula fertilization treatment. The utilization rates of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the formula fertilization treatment were 17.32 and 13.28 percentage points higher than those in the conventional fertilization treatment, respectively. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Light simplified fertilization technology for fresh maize HUANG Yechang, GAO Xiteng, DENG Lizhang, LIU Yongan, YUE Gaohong, XIN Shuangshuang, PAN Binrong 2024, 65 (12):  2851-2855.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230951 Abstract ( 67 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1258KB) ( 188 )   In view of the current situation of labor-intensive and time-consuming fertilization in the production of fresh maize, this study used the mixture of organic fertilizer + ordinary fertilizer and the replacement of ordinary urea with slow-release urea to carry out the research on light and simplified fertilization technology of fresh maize. The results showed that the application effect of organic fertilizer and slow-release urea in the production of fresh maize was good, and it played a significant role in promoting the commercialization of ears, improving fertilizer use efficiency and saving labor. Different varieties of fresh maize have different requirements for fertilizer, so it is necessary to pay attention to the good cultivation techniques with the varieties. The two varieties achieved high yields and benefits under the condition of using 120 kg of commercial organic fertilizer, 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer (N 17%, P2O5 17%, K2O 17%) and 10.45 kg of slow-release urea per 667 m2 without topdressing. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of integration of pesticides and fertilizers in Zhucheng organic tobacco production GUAN Ensen, LIU Zhigang, ZHAO Yuzong, SUN Haisen, QIU Jun, SHANG Luyue, GAO Kai, WANG Dahai 2024, 65 (12):  2856-2863.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231184 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (3831KB) ( 242 )   In order to study the effects of different fertilizer combinations on the improvement of tobacco leaf quality in Zhucheng, field experiments were carried out for three consecutive years by establishing integrated technologies such as organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer and new biological pesticide instead of traditional pesticides. The results showed that compared with the conventional application method, the high proportion of organic fertilizer and biological pesticides had obvious effect on the integrated optimal use of medicinal fertilizers. In 2023, field-scale demonstrations were carried out, the agronomic traits of tobacco leaves were improved, the control effect of pests and diseases was significantly improved, and the output value was increased. A demonstration area for organic tobacco production was set up in a typical ecological area in Zhucheng, and the field demonstration showed that the quality and safety level of tobacco was significantly improved. This study can provide an empirical reference for the high-quality development of tobacco leaves in Weifang and even Shandong tobacco areas. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of spraying boron and molybdenum fertilizer on the quality of flue-cured tobacco in Hezhou tobacco planting area FAN Xiaosu, LIANG Fangting, JIA Haijiang, SHOU Anfa, FANG Mingke, SHEN Fangke, LUO Yuanqun 2024, 65 (12):  2864-2868.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231039 Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1259KB) ( 234 )   Based on the widespread lack of boron and molybdenum in the soil of Hezhou tobacco planting area in Guangxi, a field experiment was conducted in Fuyang Town, Fuchuan County, Hezhou City. In order to screen suitable boron and molybdenum fertilizer application plans for the region, the effect of different spraying times of boron and molybdenum fertilizer on the yield, output value, and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco was investigated, with clear water sprayed on the leaf surface as the control. The results showed that foliar spraying of boron and molybdenum fertilizer significantly increased the yield and output value of tobacco leaves, with an increase of 16.08%-24.36% in yield and 20.84%-27.19% in output value. Spraying boron and molybdenum fertilizer on the leaves increased the total nitrogen content of tobacco leaves and made it closer to the optimal value, reduced the total sugar and reducing sugar content of tobacco leaves, played a certain role in improving the coordination of tobacco chemical composition, and significantly increased the boron and molybdenum content of tobacco leaves. Considering the labor cost of tobacco production, spraying 0.06% boron and molybdenum fertilizer on the leaf surface of flue-cured tobacco in budding stage is the best technical plan for the application of boron and molybdenum fertilizer in Hezhou tobacco planting area. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different microbial agents on rhizosphere microbial community of flue-cured tobacco HE Xiaobing, BU Yating, XU Yueqi, HUANG Kunpeng, CHEN Xuchu, JIA Zhibin, SUN Jutao 2024, 65 (12):  2869-2877.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240614 Abstract ( 70 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (8442KB) ( 199 )   To investigate the effects of different microbial fertilizers on the soil microbial community diversity of flue-cured tobacco roots, the soil physical and chemical properties, microbial community diversity and structure composition of flue-cured tobacco soil treated with different microbial fertilizers were analyzed. The results showed that the organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus content of flue-cured tobacco soil increased after treatment with different microbial fertilizers, while the pH value of soil did not change significantly. Compared with the CK treatment, the organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus content of the T2 treatment increased by 31.36%, 43.48%, and 23.95%, respectively. The bacterial and fungal diversity and richness of T2 treatment in the soil increased. The dominant bacterial phylum of T2 treatment was Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria. The dominant fungal phylum of T2 treatment was Ascomycota, unclassified_k__Fungi, and Basidiomycota. In summary, microbial fertilizer treatment increased soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus content and affected the composition of soil microbial community. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on antioxidant properties of onion pectin composite extract LIU Xinyi, PAN Meihong, CHEN Wei, HE Linyu, ZHANG Shilin, LI Weiya, YANG Haifeng, HUI Linchong 2024, 65 (12):  2878-2881.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230934 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1246KB) ( 166 )   Recently, the problem of soy sauce additives has aroused people's high attention to food quality and safety, thus causing the desire for food preservation and preservative “zero” addition or natural ingredient index. At present, pectin packaging containing plant extracts is a hot research topic of biopolymer food packaging derivatives, and its main feature is to produce active packaging with selective antibacterial and antioxidant food preservation effects. Onion extract is rich in antioxidant phenolic substances, pectin composite extract can be used in food packaging. This paper reviews the research progress on onion pectin composite extract. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of continuous cropping on the growth and nutrient absorption of Dioscorea opposita under directional cultivation JIN Lin, GUO Wenqi, ZHANG Peitong, YIN Jianmei, LIU Decai, WANG Li, JIANG Lu, HAN Xiaoyong 2024, 65 (12):  2882-2887.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230804 Abstract ( 54 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2568KB) ( 130 )   Shallow directional planting is a new mode of cultivation of Dioscorea opposita that has emerged in recent years, which has the advantages of preventing collapse ditch, facilitating harvesting, and promoting high yield. It is of great significance to carry out the research and development of anti-continuous cropping technology for this cultivation mode to alleviate the shortage of land for planting Dioscorea opposita and further improve the quality and increase the yield. In this study, the field experiment was carried out for two consecutive years using the shallow directional planting mode to explore the effect of continuous cropping on the growth and nutrient uptake of Dioscorea opposita. The results showed that the continuous cropping obstacles of shallow directional planting Dioscorea opposita were still obvious, and continuous cropping led to the decrease of dry matter accumulation, tuber yield and nutritional quality. Continuous cropping led to the enrichment of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the planting soil, and the supply of medium and trace elements was insufficient. Continuous cropping caused the content and accumulation of various nutrient elements in Dioscorea opposita. This study provided a basis for promoting the efficient and scientific utilization of fertilizers and promoted the planting of Dioscorea opposita in shallow directional troughs. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Green and efficient annual cultivation mode of greenhouse melon in early spring- fresh vegetable soybean in summer-morel in autumn and winter YAO Xiefeng, FENG Cui, XU Jian, ZHU Lingli, QIAN Wei, LIU Guang, XU Jinhua 2024, 65 (12):  2888-2892.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230895 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1239KB) ( 135 )   Taizhou, Nantong and other areas in Jiangsu Province along the Yangtze River and Lixiahe fully utilize agricultural facilities to develop a green and efficient production mode of melon, vegetable and mushroom rotation,which controls soil salinization, improves soil organic matter, adjusts and improves soil nutrient structure, while increases the variety of off-season vegetable supply and improves the utilization rate of existing facilities, significantly increases economic benefits, with an average net income of 44 000 yuan per 667 m2. This article summarized the green and efficient annual production mode of using greenhouse melon in early spring, fresh vegetable soybean in summer and morel in autumn and winter, in order to provide guidance for the efficient utilization of greenhouse facilities, alleviation of soil continuous cropping obstacles, and increase of economic benefits in the Lixiahe area of Jiangsu Province. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of introduction performance and application potential of edible Hemerocallis varieties in Hangzhou MA Guangying, YAO Xingda, ZUO Ziwei, ZHAN Shuxia, ZHOU Yuan, XIE Lupeng 2024, 65 (12):  2893-2898.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230803 Abstract ( 47 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1271KB) ( 128 )   In order to screen for suitable varieties of edible Hemerocallis for planting in Hangzhou and surrounding areas, as well as to grasp parental traits and serve breeding work, 39 varieties of edible Hemerocallis were introduced and cultivated. The phenological period, growth performance, and product quality of the introduced varieties were mainly investigated. The results showed that the introduced varieties grew normally in Hangzhou, while nighttime flowering varieties generally showed winter deciduous leaves, higher stems, and higher yields. Daytime flowering varieties generally showed stronger resistance to lodging, stronger ornamental properties, and earlier flowering. The main nutritional components of the flower buds of some varieties with excellent performance were determined. Nighttime flowering varieties generally showed higher levels of non carbohydrate metabolites, while daytime flowering varieties generally showed higher levels of carbohydrates. The introduction experiment has laid a theoretical foundation for mastering the characteristics of varieties, promoting varieties, and cultivating new and superior varieties that are both ornamental and edible. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Field comparative experiment on improving phosphorus nutrient availability by soil conditioners through remediating soil acidification LI Mengni, WU Lujie, ZHAO Miyang, CHEN Han, LU Shenggao 2024, 65 (12):  2899-2905.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230836 Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (4509KB) ( 144 )   Soil acidification remediation is an important issue of eliminating soil barriers, improving farmland fertility, and promoting crop growth. A field experimental was performed to compare the effects and mechanisms of six soil conditioners in eliminating soil acidity and aluminum toxicity barriers, increasing the content of exchangeable base cations and available phosphorus in soil, and promoting the yield and quality of potato. The results showed that the application of six soil conditioners significantly increased soil pH value and reduced exchangeable acid content, and then effectively alleviated the harm of soil acidification. Soil conditioners effectively reduced aluminum toxicity by reducing the content of exchangeable aluminum and promoting the hydrolysis of Al3+ into hydroxyl aluminum. Soil conditioners increased the content of soil exchangeable K+ and Ca2+ ions, and enhanced the availability of soil phosphorus. Soil conditioners significantly increased the yield and total starch, crude protein, and reducible sugar content of potato. Different soil conditioners could increase potato yield by 12.9% to 30.4%. Field comparative experiments showed that soil conditioners could inhibit soil acidification, eliminate aluminum toxicity, increase contents of exchangeable base cations and available phosphorus in soils. The lime, silicon calcium potassium magnesium fertilizer, and soil conditioner potassium mainly composed of potassium feldspar, dolomite, limestone, have better effects in remediating acidified soils. The remediation mechanism is related to their strong alkaline characteristics and abundance mineral elements such as calcium and magnesium of soil conditioners. The lime, lime nitrogen, and humic acid conditioners had more effective in improving the content of total starch, crude protein, and reducible sugar of potato. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Soilless culture techniques for blueberries in the northern Zhejiang ZHONG Yuanxiang, DAI Mengdi, YE Ziran, TAN Xiangfeng, CHEN Xuting, KONG Dedong 2024, 65 (12):  2906-2910.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230732 Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (12709KB) ( 147 )   Blueberries are developing rapidly in China, with the main cultivation mode being open-air cultivation. Blueberries require high soil conditions, and open-air cultivation restricts the cultivation distribution and development of blueberry. Soilless culture is an emerging cultivation model in recent years, which has significant advantages in solving soil problems. Studying the substrate ratio and water and fertilizer management of blueberry soilless culture has important guiding significance for blueberry soilless culture production. However, the diversity of blueberry varieties and differences in climate environments result in different planting management measures. This study summarizes the soilless culture techniques for blueberries in the northern Zhejiang, including pre-planting preparation, planting, water and fertilizer management, post harvest pruning, and pest control, providing theoretical reference for the soilless culture techniques of blueberries in the northern Zhejiang. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Suitability selection for different peach varieties and their performance traits in island areas LIU Jinglei, WANG Ming, ZHENG Renjie, YANG Shaona 2024, 65 (12):  2911-2914.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230866 Abstract ( 52 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1222KB) ( 201 )   To optimize the peach variety structure in the Zhoushan island area, new and excellent peach varieties were introduced through experiments, and excellent varieties suitable for the island climate characteristics were screened to improve planting efficiency. In 2022, five peach varieties including Yuanmeng, Jinxia, Yufei, Zaoyou 1 and Zaoyou 2 were introduced in Dinghai District, Zhoushan City, with the conventional variety Hujingyulu as the control. The phenology, disease and pest development, growth and fruiting habits, and fruit economic characteristics of six peach varieties were observed to comprehensively evaluate their adaptability in island areas. The results showed that all five introduced peach varieties were suitable for promotion and cultivation in the Zhoushan island area. The soluble solid content was highest in the early maturing variety Jinxia, reaching 16.8%, and the maturity period was 15 days earlier than the control Hujingyulu; From the comparison of single plant yield, Yufei was the best, with a single fruit weight of 132 g and a single plant yield of 96 kg. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between the feeding selectivity of Drosophila and the fruit maturity and quality of Myrica rubra cv. Wandao HE Xinghua, ZHAO Ying, CHEN Yeping, QIU Lijun 2024, 65 (12):  2915-2920.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230768 Abstract ( 64 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (3711KB) ( 188 )   Drosophila is the main pest that harms the fruit of Myrica rubra. In order to clarify the oviposition and feeding selectivity of Drosophila on Wandao fruits with different maturity in the field and their correlation with fruit quality indicators. Two methods were used to count the number of Drosophila on the fruit of 6 maturity levels of Wandao Myrica rubra in the field. The quality indicators of each maturity level fruit were measured, and the correlation analysis between the number of Drosophila and each indicator was conducted. The results showed that under field conditions, Drosophila exhibited selectivity towards Wandao fruits of different maturity levels. They could lay eggs and feed on fruits of different maturity levels, and there were significant differences in the overall distribution of Drosophila numbers (P<0.001). The green fruits with the lowest maturity levels had the least number of Drosophila, and Drosophila tended to lay eggs and feed on fruits with higher maturity levels. There is a highly significant correlation between the number of Drosophila in soaking fruit and various fruit quality indicators, while the number of Drosophila in bagging fruit is only significantly correlated with the yellow blue value b*. The research results can provide scientific basis for the selection of precise control timing for Drosophila on Myrica rubra cv. Wandao. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of three inducers on the resistance of twig blight disease and fruit quality of Chinese bayberry YU Zheping, ZHANG Shuwen, LIANG Senmiao, SUN Li, REN Haiying, ZHENG Xiliang, QI Xingjiang 2024, 65 (12):  2921-2924.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231136 Abstract ( 57 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1252KB) ( 194 )   The effects of three inducers, chitosan, methyl jasmonate, and acetylsalicylic acid, on the resistance of twig blight disease, shoot and leaf growth, and fruit quality of Chinese bayberry were studied. Using 15-year-old Shenhongzhong as the experimental material, the disease index of twig blight disease, new shoot and leaf growth, and fruit quality indicators were measured by spraying three inducers on leaves, respectively. The results showed that chitosan and methyl jasmonate significantly reduced the disease index, and the relative induction effects were 46.41% and 33.91%, respectively. Three inducers have a certain promoting effects on the relative chlorophyll content, the growth of shoots and leaves, among which chitosan and methyl jasmonate have more significant effects, with shoot length increasing by 23.8% and 22.1%, and leaf area increasing by 19.2% and 11.2%, respectively, compared with the control. In addition, chitosan and methyl jasmonate have significant improvement on fruit quality. In summary, this study identified two inducers that can induce resistance of twig blight disease. Chitosan and methyl jasmonate have significant effects on the improvement of growth and fruit quality of Chinese bayberry. The application of these two inducers will be of great significance for the green prevention and control of Chinese bayberry twig blight disease in the future. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Introduction performance of peach variety Zhongtao 5 at different altitudes in Lishui FAN Fangjuan, LIU Xubo, YANG Ji, YAN Fuhua, YANG Xianyu, TAN Xiaoliang 2024, 65 (12):  2925-2927.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231045 Abstract ( 59 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1210KB) ( 137 )   Peach variety Zhongtao 5 was introduced and cultivated at two different altitudes area of Lishui, in Zhejiang Province at 2015. Through several consecutive years' observation, it has a good adaptability, high and stable yield with fruit performance of round, big, well-colored, sweet, flavorful and hard melting type. The flesh is crispy and refreshing during the hard ripening period, and soft and juicy when fully matured. Meanwhile, compared with low-altitude area, peach variety Zhongtao 5 cultivated at mid-altitude area could better avoid the effect of plum rain, form good and stable fruit quality and maintain longer picking period. Generally, Zhongtao 5 is suitable to be promoted in Lishui, especially in areas of mid-high altitude, with good adaptability and fruit quality. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Situations and high-quality development countermeasures of blueberry industry in Guangxi SHI Deju, MA Tao, NONG Mengling, WANG Feiyong, PAN Hong, JIANG Qiang, LUO Ruihong, DENG Libao 2024, 65 (12):  2928-2932.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230715 Abstract ( 65 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1258KB) ( 151 )   The present study was conducted to understand the current situation and existing problems and to promote the development of blueberry industry in Guangxi. The planting distribution, production and development advantages of blueberry in Guangxi were investigated by means of reviewing literatures, consulting with local authorities and field investigation. The root causes of problems affecting the high-quality development of blueberry industry were analyzed, then some corresponding countermeasures were proposed. The result provided reference for formulating development plans, scientific research, and production of blueberry in Guangxi. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of exogenous hormone on growth and leaf cichoric acid content of double-petal pinecone chrysanthemum (Echinacea purpurea) GE Yaying, ZHANG Lili, JIN Liang, TIAN Danqing, CAO Qunyang, WAN Xiao 2024, 65 (12):  2933-2938.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240634 Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1320KB) ( 196 )   Different concentrations of brassinolide, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, and gibberellin were used for foliar spraying treatment on the Rainbow Rings of double-petaled pinecone chrysanthemum, with water treatment as the control. The effects of four different exogenous hormones on the growth of pinecone chrysanthemum, photosynthetic pigments, and cichoric acid content in leaves were measured and analyzed.The results indicated that hormonal treatment significantly altered various parameters of the Rainbow Rings of idouble-petal pinecone chrysanthemum ncluding plant height, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length, number of flowers, and cone diameter etc. Appropriate concentration spraying of all four exogenous hormones significantly increased the content of photosynthetic pigments and cichoric acid in the leaves of double-petal pinecone chrysanthemum. Among them, 8 mg·L-1 brassinolide, 1 000 and 500 mg·L-1 paclobutrazol were the most effective in promoting chicoric acid content of leaves. Comprehensive analysis revealed that 1 000 mg·L-1 paclobutrazol had more outstanding and stable effects in increasing the content of active ingredients, promoting the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, and increasing ornamental value. The findings provide a basis for optimizing the cultivation conditions and enhancing the medicinal value of double-petal pinecone chrysanthemum. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of plant hormones and lactic acid bacteria on the growth of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves CHEN Hai, REN Ruochen, ZHU Pei, ZHU Lili, XU Zhenlan, WANG Qi, ZHANG Yuxiang, JIANG Min 2024, 65 (12):  2939-2943.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240612 Abstract ( 62 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1996KB) ( 136 )   In order to explore the biological fertilization formula for growth regulation of Ginkgo biloba leaves, gibberellin, cytokinin and trace elements were applied with lactic acid bacteria solution to study the effects of these two plant hormones, trace elements and microbial fertilizers on the growth of Ginkgo biloba leaves. The results showed that 4% boron and 4% gibberellin treatment had the best effect on delaying the leaf withering, increasing the length and width of leaves, and reducing the fruiting yield of Ginkgo biloba, followed by 8% manganese and 4% gibberellin treatments. After the treatment of trace elements of 4% boron + 8% manganese and 4% gibberellin, the defoliation time of Ginkgo biloba was delayed for more than a week, and the fruiting yield of Ginkgo biloba was reduced by 24.96%. In addition, it was found that the combination of 4% boron + 8% manganese, 4% gibberellin and lactic acid bacteria solution and the use of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) membrane for pollination isolation had the most significant effect on the growth of Ginkgo biloba leaves. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in promoting symbiotic germination mechanism of Orchidaceae plant seeds and its industrial application YE Yueyu, LI Xiaomei, CHEN Man, WANG Xia, JIANG Fusheng, ZHANG Chunchun, CHEN Haimin, LI Shiqing 2024, 65 (12):  2944-2953.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230904 Abstract ( 62 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1382KB) ( 209 )   Most Orchidaceae plants have bright and highly ornamental flowers, some of which are often used for medicinal purposes, and therefore have important social, economic, and medicinal value. However, its seeds are small and have no endosperm, so it is difficult to germinate and grow normally under natural conditions. Most of them are bred rapidly through vegetative reproduction or artificial tissue culture. However, in special circumstances, some orchid plants can also achieve seed reproduction under natural conditions, where the symbiosis of endophyte helps the seeds to grow normally. During this process, endophyte provide nutrients, hormones, and enhance the plant's resistance to environmental stress for the seeds, scientifically promote the establishment of such a good collaborative relationship, which is conducive to the rapid and efficient cultivation of high-quality Orchidaceae plant seedlings. Therefore, this article reviews the mechanism of seed symbiotic germination of Orchidaceae plants through research and analysis of their interactions with endophyte. Taking Orchidaceae plants such as Gastrodia elata Bl,Bletilla striata and Dendrobium officinale as examples, the practical production and application value of symbiotic germination technology in industrialization is explained, achieving the protection of Orchidaceae plant germplasm resources and promoting their scientific development and utilization. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of physiological races of rice blast fungus in Zhejiang Province MAO Xueqin, QIU Haiping, CHAI Rongyao, HAO Zhongna, ZHANG Zhen, WANG Jiaoyu, WANG Yanli, SUN Guocang 2024, 65 (12):  2954-2959.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230975 Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1326KB) ( 138 )   This reseach uses 7 Chinese rice blast fungus physiological race identification varieties to identify and analyze 100 rice blast fungus strains in Zhejiang Province. It is found that the rice blast fungus strains in Zhejiang Province are mainly composed of 7 groups and 36 physiological races, with significant differences in the frequency of occurrence among each group. Among them, the frequency of ZA group strains is the highest, reaching 36.0%, indicating that ZA group strains have risen to become the dominant population in Zhejiang Province; Next are ZC and ZB strains, with frequencies of 24.0% and 22.0%, respectively. ZD, ZE, ZF, and ZG strains have lower frequencies of 4.0%, 8.0%, 2.0%, and 4.0%, respectively. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of virus disease species in facility-cultivated tomatoes in Longgang City, Wenzhou YU Dongdong, SHEN Nianqiao, ZENG Xiangliang, WANG Hanrong 2024, 65 (12):  2960-2963.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231058 Abstract ( 50 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (3019KB) ( 141 )   In recent years, with the rapid development of the tomato industry in Wenzhou tomato virus diseases have become a significant constraint on the industry growth. From 2018 to 2023, samples suspected of tomato virus diseases were collected from Cangnan County and Longgang City. Molecular biological tests using specific primers were conducted to analyze the species of tomato virus diseases. The results showed that from 2018 to 2023, tomato virus diseases were widespread in Cangnan County and Longgang City, with average detection rates exceeding 40%. A total of six viruses were identified, with cucumber mosaic virus being the most frequently detected. The findings provide a reference for the prevention and control of tomato virus diseases in Wenzhou. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the prevention and control effect of 6% oligosaccharides·β chain protein on tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease under different planting periods and densities YAN Manman, ZHENG Jianchao 2024, 65 (12):  2964-2967.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230906 Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1234KB) ( 217 )   In order to explore the effect of different planting periods and different densities on the prevention and control of tomato virus disease in solar greenhouse, and provide a theoretical basis for the efficient use of light and heat resources and stubble arrangement of autumn tomato, different planting period and density tests were designed. The results showed that the incidence and disease index of tomato virus disease in T3 and T4 treatments were significantly reduced, and the prevention and control effects were 74.57% and 92.75%, respectively. The incidence of viral disease in T2 treatment was 25.52 percentage points lower than that in T1 treatment, and the incidence of viral disease in T4 treatment was 13.33 percentage points lower than that in T3 treatment. SPAD value, nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate were higher in T4 treatment. The yield of T4 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and the yield of T2, T3 and T4 was 47.05%, 63.50% and 76.34% higher than that of T1 treatment, respectively. Therefore, planting in Hotan Area of Xinjiang to avoid the high temperature and drought period in August can effectively reduce the occurrence of virus disease. In order to ensure that tomatoes in autumn and winter can be harvested in December, the number of remaining fruits should be reduced and the density should be increased to achieve the purpose of increasing yield. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Control effect of chlorfluazuron on strawberry powdery mildew in greenhouse ZHENG Jian 2024, 65 (12):  2968-2971.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230923 Abstract ( 54 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1507KB) ( 212 )   In recent years, due to the increased resistance of strawberry powdery mildew pathogens in greenhouses, the efficacy of pesticide control has decreased. Therefore, this reseach compared the field efficacy of different types of fungicides in order to delay the development of resistance to powdery mildew pathogens and provide guidance for field medication. This study selected a new type of triazole chemical fungicide, 400 g·L-1 chlorfluazuron suspension, for field efficacy comparison of strawberry powdery mildew in greenhouses. The results showed that the 1 200 fold dilution of 400 g·L-1 chlorfluazuron had the best control effect on powdery mildew, with a control effect of over 90% after 14 days of treatment and over 85% after 21 days of treatment. It can be used as a preferred agent for controlling strawberry powdery mildew in greenhouses and for alternate use, providing a basis for effective control of strawberry powdery mildew in greenhouses. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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High quality and efficient cultivation mode of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. based on environmentally-friendly control methods for disease and pest YANG Xinqin, WU Xinyi, LI Guojing, WU Xiaohua, WANG Jian, WANG Ying, LIU Tingfu, WANG Baogen 2024, 65 (12):  2972-2976.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240388 Abstract ( 66 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1271KB) ( 262 )   Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. is one of the traditional advantageous vegetable crops in Zhejiang Province. The diseases and pests occurred frequently and severely in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. production, especially Fusarium wilt, thrips and Maruca vitrata (Fabricius). Now the prevention and control of diseases and pests in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. in Zhejiang Province mainly rely on chemical pesticides, but their control effect is not the best, which can easily cause problems such as excessive pesticide residues and environmental pollution. By comprehensively analyzing the current control situation for diseases and pests in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., combined with the climate conditions and planting habits of farmers in Zhejiang Province, we recommend early spring facility cultivation and high-altitude cultivation models for Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. production based on the environmentally-friendly control methods, which will provide scientific guidance and practical basis for the sustainable development of the industry of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. in Zhejiang Province. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative analysis of heavy metal limit standards for agricultural and food products between China and Korea TIAN Jiaming, CAO Wenze, LAN Lili, WEI Shuang 2024, 65 (12):  2977-2982.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230888 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1246KB) ( 168 )   With the development of modern industrial technology, the contamination of food by industrial hazardous substances and other chemical substances has attracted more and more attention. Because the consumption of contaminated food will cause different degrees of harm to human health, countries pay special attention to the requirements of chemical substances in the trade of agricultural and food products. After China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), the field of agricultural trade between China and Korea has further expanded, and the trade situation of agricultural and food products between the two countries has undergone new changes, and their trade disputes have also increased day by day. This study sorted out the standards and regulations related to the current heavy metal limits in agricultural and food products in China and Korea, and compared and analyzed the heavy metal detection items, types of agricultural and food products, and heavy metal limit indicators in major agricultural and food products. Suggestions were put forward on the response of China's agricultural and food products to Korea's heavy metal limit standards. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative analysis of pesticide residue limits in broccoli from China, Japan and Korea CHEN Zeyu, SONG Xiaoyan, HUANG Xiangyun, HUANG Xiangzhu 2024, 65 (12):  2983-2990.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230844 Abstract ( 58 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1288KB) ( 264 )   Broccoli is one of the main export vegetables in China. Japan and Korea are important export markets of broccoli. Failure of pesticide residue is one of the most common reasons for broccoli to be notified abroad. This reseach summarized the current maximum residue limit standards for broccoli in China, Japan, and Korea, and compared the set pesticide quantity, variety, function, and the degree of strictness of the limit values; at the same time, based on the import monitoring measures taken by Japan and Korea on Chinese broccoli, we focused on comparing the limit settings of five key projects of concern in Japan and Korea, including procymidone, haloxyfop-methyl, metolachlor, propamocarb, and dimethomorph, etc. By comprehensively comparing the results, the differences in limited quantity standards between China, Japan, and Korea were analyzed, and three suggestions were proposed to improve the limited quantity standards. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of adaptability, yield and polysaccharide content of Polygonatum sibiricum from different sources ZHOU Jianjin, WANG Jindun, LUO Xiaofeng, GUO Weixian, ZHOU Xianzhi 2024, 65 (12):  2991-2996.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240417 Abstract ( 58 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1309KB) ( 212 )   The growth period, yield and polysaccharide content of 47 samples of Polygonatum sibiricum from different sources were analyzed. The growth period of Polygonatum sibiricum was 58-245 days, the tuber weight of Polygonatum sibiricum was 17.50-199.67 g, and the polysaccharide content ranged 7.08%-26.28%. There was a significant positive correlation between growth period and yield, polysaccharide content, but there was no significant correlation between rhizome yield and polysaccharide content. 9 materials showed comprehensive high quality. This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational application, introduction and domestication of Polygonatum sibiricum resources and the breeding of excellent varieties in Sanming Area of Fujian Province. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of gardenia yellow pigment LIU Xinyi, YANG Jun, MAO Bizeng 2024, 65 (12):  2997-3004.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230916 Abstract ( 69 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1311KB) ( 282 )   The gardenia yellow pigment is a mixture extracted from the fruit of the gardenia, mainly containing crocin and crocetin. It exhibits excellent coloration, wide pharmacological activity, and high safety. With the increasing concern for safety and health among people, the health industry is thriving, leading to a growing demand for natural pigments. As a result, the gardenia yellow pigment has promising application prospects in various fields such as food, fabrics and medicine. To gain insights into the current development status of gardenia yellow pigment and explore its potential for expanded application, this paper briefly reviews its properties, extraction technology, purification technology and application status. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chemical composition difference and evaluation of different varieties of flue-cured tobacco in Weifang tobacco area XI Yuanxiao, LIU Zhongqing, LI Sen, GAO Zhengxu, WANG Dequan, WANG Yuhua, FANG Min 2024, 65 (12):  3005-3009.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230787 Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2203KB) ( 187 )   The chemical constituents of different varieties of flue-cured tobacco in Weifang were detected by near infrared spectroscopy, the differences of chemical constituents were analyzed, and evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that except for Zhongchuan 208, the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium-chloride ratio of other varieties were in the appropriate range. The nicotine content of Yunyan 301 was suitable, and the nicotine content of other varieties was not in the suitable range. The contents of total nitrogen, potassium, chlorine and protein of all varieties were suitable, the sugar-nicotine ratio were higher than 15.00, and the starch content of Zhongyan 101 and NC55 was suitable. The comprehensive scores of the principal components from high to low were Zhongchuan 208, Zhongyan 100, NC55, Zhongyan Texiang 301, Zhongyan 101 and Yunyan 301. After clustering, varieties were divided into three categories, the first category was Zhongchuan 208, NC55 and Zhongyan 100, which had the characteristics of high sugar, high chlorine, low nicotine, high sugar-nicotine ratio and low potassium-chlorine ratio, the second category was Zhongyan Texiang 301 and Zhongyan 101, and the third category was Yunyan 301, which had the characteristics of low sugar, low chlorine, high nicotine, low sugar-nicotine ratio and high potassium-chlorine ratio. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of bipyrazone and cypyrafluone in wheat by solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry DONG Ruinan, BIAN Haitao, YONG Yanhua, LI Peng, SU Chunmin, LIU Yang 2024, 65 (12):  3010-3014.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231113 Abstract ( 55 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1397KB) ( 145 )   A method was established for the simultaneous determination of bipyrazone and cypyrafluone in wheat by solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Bipyrazone and cypyrafluone in wheat samples were extracted by acidified acetonitrile, salted out by sodium chloride and anhydrous magnesium sulfate, cleaned up by HLB solid phase extraction column, separated by ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column with gradient elution of water (containing 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase, detected by positive electrospray ionization using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and finally quantified by external standard method of matrix calibration curve. Good linear relationship displays in the concentration range of 2-100 μg·L-1 for bipyrazone and cypyrafluone with correlation coefficient (r) greater than 0.998. The limits of detection of them are 2 μg·kg-1, and the limits of quantitation are 6 μg·kg-1. At three spiked concentration levels of 6, 20 and 50 μg·kg-1, the average recoveries of bipyrazone are 93.9%-99.6%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.2%-4.8%, and the average recoveries of cypyrafluone are 83.6%-90.7%, with RSDs of 1.4%-4.5% (n=6). The method is sensitive, accurate and suitable for determination of bipyrazone and cypyrafluone in wheat. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of quality differences in post harvest storage of double season sorghum LIU Yubing, CAO Chunxin, LIU Xinhua 2024, 65 (12):  3015-3020.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230736 Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (2197KB) ( 130 )   16 sorghum germplasm resources were collected, double-cropping method was used, and the difference of grain composition content of sorghum was detected after 1 year of storage. The contents of total phenols, total flavonoids, total free amino acids, tannins, crude fiber, crude fat, soluble protein, total soluble sugars, amylose and anthocyanins in sorghum grains in the main season and regeneration season after 1 year of storage were different. Through the quality analysis, it was found that after 1 year of storage, some quality indicators in some varieties decreased, indicating that the storage time of these varieties should not be too long. However, quality indicators of some varieties increased, indicating that prolonging the storage time was conducive to the accumulation of quality index content of these varieties, and they are suitable as raw materials and feed for winemaking. This study provides a theoretical basis for post harvest storage and preservation of sorghum grains, and has certain guiding significance for the breeding of sorghum varieties and the selection of raw materials for winemaking in the future. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on suitability of processing yellow tea of main cultivars in Zhejiang Province SHI Daliang, AO Cun, TENG Ruimin, CUI Hongchun, ZHAO Yun, ZHU Lingping 2024, 65 (12):  3021-3024.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240131 Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1214KB) ( 130 )   The raw materials of one bud, one leaf, and one bud, two leaves were selected from 10 tea tree varieties with a certain planting area in Zhejiang Province, and the tea samples prepared by yellow tea processing technology were selected. Through expert sensory review, routine component detection and catechin content analysis, it was concluded that the tea samples prepared by two varieties, Yujinxiang and Zhonghuang No. 1, were bright and oily in dry tea color, and bright yellow and green in soup color. The flower or chestnut fragrance is more obvious, the phenol-ammonia ratio and the total amount of catechins are lower, the taste is fresh and the bitter taste is lower, and all of them can be used as suitable products of yellow tea. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Industry overview and development trend analysis of stream fish in Zhejiang Province SHEN Xiaoming, XU Xiaojun, HUANG Fuyong, DU Jianming 2024, 65 (12):  3025-3030.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240366 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1244KB) ( 164 )   Zhejiang Province is the earliest province in China to develop and utilize stream fish, with the largest scale of aquaculture and market. This study comprehensively analyzes the current situation, main problems, and development trends of stream fish aquaculture industry based on on-site research, discussions, and production practices conducted for three consecutive years from 2020 to 2023 in Zhejiang Province. At present, Zhejiang Province has established a breeding and aquaculture system for stream fish, including provincial-level original breeding farms, seedling breeding farms, and aquaculture entities. The annual seedling breeding quantity has exceeded 500 million and the aquaculture production is 2 300 t. Pond aquaculture will be a key development of aquaculture model for stream fish in the future. Large scale seedling breeding of stream fish will be carried out using plain ponds, followed by two-stage aquaculture of commercial fish using factory recycled water or canvas ponds. Utilizing high-quality water resources in mountainous areas, ecological-clean aquaculture of commercial fish in plain ponds will become a key development of direction in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the current status and development suggestions for the cultivation of Quasipaa spinosa in Lishui, Zhejiang LU Jun, WU Yanqin, BU Weishao, HUANG Fuyou, WU Jianping 2024, 65 (12):  3031-3034.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230822 Abstract ( 52 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1281KB) ( 185 )   Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, is renowned as the “Hometown of Quasipaa spinosa”, and the cultivation of Quasipaa spinosa has become a key specialty industry in Lishui City. This paper analyzed the problems existing in the development of Lishui City, such as land restriction, germplasm degradation, live bait supply and technical standards, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions based on the current situation of the cultivation of Quasipaa spinosa in Lishui City, so as to provide reference for local business departments. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of dietary energy level on TCF7L2 gene expression in pigs LI Qinghai, ZHANG Lei, FAN Jinghui, GE Ying, WEI Yinghui, LIU Hang, WANG Huanhuan, WANG Yanlu, ZHANG Weiwu 2024, 65 (12):  3035-3038.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231112 Abstract ( 43 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1262KB) ( 238 )   This experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary energy level on transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) mRNA expression in Landrace pigs. Twenty four Landrace pigs (90 days old) were divided into two groups according to the dietary energy level, slaughtered and sampled when they were 180 days. The expressions of TCF7L2 mRNA in these two Landrace pig groups was measured by qRT-PCR, and blood biochemical indicators were measured. The results showed that the expression patterns of TCF7L2 mRNA in these two groups were similar, in which back fat was great higher than longissimus dorsi muscle. Comparison between these two groups indicated that the expression of TCF7L2 mRNA in back fat and longissimus dorsi muscle in H(high energy) group was higher than that in L (low energy) group. The results suggested that dietary energy level could influence the expression level of TCF7L2 mRNA and blood biochemical indicators in pigs, thereby affecting subcutaneous and intramuscular fat deposition, which provided reference for further study on the molecular mechanism of fat metabolism in pig. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the protection and utilization in genetic resources of Dongshan pig in Guangxi YU Xingfeng, LI Nian, JIANG Ying, YANG Yun, TANG Zhijun, DENG Xiaoling, TANG Junwang 2024, 65 (12):  3039-3043.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230762 Abstract ( 52 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1247KB) ( 283 )   In recent years, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region has carried out the protection and utilization of local pig breeds such as Dongshan pig in an orderly manner and achieved certain results in species preservation. In this paper, the origin of Dongshan pig breed and the progress in the protection and utilization of genetic resources were described, the achievements in the basic research of Dongshan pig breed were summarized, and the suggestions on breed protection and utilization were put forward, aiming at providing scientific reference for the protection and utilization of Dongshan pig genetic resources. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice and suggestions on the construction of cultivated land cultivation system in Zhejiang Province WANG Jie, JI Weiying, LIU Xiaoxia 2024, 65 (12):  3044-3047.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230658 Abstract ( 60 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1229KB) ( 210 )   Improving the quality of cultivated land is an important basis for ensuring the sustainable use of cultivated land and agricultural and rural modernization, which directly affects food security, ecological security, food safety and human health, and the construction of cultivated land cultivation system and mechanism is the key content of the work of improving the quality of cultivated land. This paper briefly analyzed the status quo of cultivated land quality in Zhejiang Province, listed the main methods adopted in the construction of cultivated land cultivation system and mechanism, including five aspects of policy guidance, pilot first, scientific innovation, scientific monitoring and assessment assistance, analyzed the current problems and put forward a series of countermeasures and suggestions, in order to provide references for promoting cultivated land quality construction throughout the country. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the interaction between calcium and a luminum in plant response to aluminum toxicity under soil acidification HU Wenjun, YOU Chunyan, NIU Erli, YU Chunlian, WANG Kunxi, ZHU Chunquan, LU Hongling, JIANG Chenkai, CHEN Lin, JIANG Qihong, LING Qiutong, ZHU Shenlong, ZHENG Hailei, SHEN Guoxin 2024, 65 (12):  3048-3052.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230887 Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1302KB) ( 176 )   With the increasing problem of soil acidification, aluminum (Al) toxicity has become one of the main limiting factors for crop growth and food production in acidic soils of China. Al3 + adversely affects plant root physiological functions and morphogenesis by interacting with plant cytoskeleton. At present, plant response to Al toxicity and the mechanism of Al tolerance are still unclear. As a second messenger, calcium (Ca) is an essential mineral element for plant growth, intracellular free Ca2+ plays an important role in plant growth, development and stress resistance. The interaction between Ca and Al has attracted the attention of researchers. Relevant studies have confirmed that Ca can alleviate the effects of Al toxicity. This article reviews the recent progress in the research on the interaction between Ca and Al in response to Al toxicity in plants, and briefly discusses the future research directions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the effects of mineral-modified biochar on soil aggregates ZHANG Shiwen, LIU Wenzheng, LI Chao, WANG Hui, ZHUGE Yuping 2024, 65 (12):  3053-3060.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240539 Abstract ( 65 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (7180KB) ( 214 )   Biochar is a carbon-rich product produced by slow pyrolysis of biomass at a high temperature without oxygen or limited oxygen supply. It has strong stability, large specific surface area, and is a good adsorption material, which is conducive to the cultivation and stability of soil aggregates. In this paper, CiteSpace software was used to analyze the relevant literature on the influence of biochar on soil aggregates retrieved from WOS core database and CNKI database. Based on this, the mechanism and control factors of biochar's influence on the formation and stability of soil aggregates were introduced, and the influence of mineral modified biochar on its characteristics was analyzed. The response of soil aggregates to mineral-modified biochar was summarized. Finally, the key problems to be solved in the application of mineral modified biochar in soil aggregate cultivation were pointed out, in order to provide scientific reference for the efficient utilization of biomass resources and soil carbon pool management under the background of "double-carbon". Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of ultra-high temperature compost in the reduction of biological pollution such as antibiotic resistance genes in organic solid waste WANG Jingbang, WANG Yafei, YAO Yanlai, ZHU Fengxiang, WANG Weiping, HONG Chunlai, ZHU Weijing, HONG Leidong 2024, 65 (12):  3061-3067.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230913 Abstract ( 64 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1852KB) ( 186 )   The pollution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has become a serious environmental problem. High temperature composting is an efficient and green harmless treatment method for organic solid waste, which promotes the recycling of substances and reduces the emission of antibiotics and ARGs. However, traditional high temperature composting has some limitations such as long fermentation cycle, incomplete harmless treatment, and poor effect on reducing ARGs and mobile genetic elements. Ultra-high temperature composting (UHTC) is a new technology for recycling organic solid waste developed in recent years. It has the characteristics of high fermentation temperature, short cycle, strong harmless effect, high recycling efficiency and low operating cost. However, different UHC composting systems still have significant differences in the removal of ARGs from organic solid waste, which is worthy of further discussion and summary. Therefore, the degradation effect and mechanism of ultra-high temperature composting technology on ARGs in organic solid waste were discussed in this paper, aiming to further strengthen the theoretical support for the control of ARGs in organic solid waste. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Feasibility analysis of evaluation indicators for maturity of sheep manure compost CHEN Liu, HU Haifeng, HONG Chunlai, YAO Yanlai, ZHU Weijing, HONG Leidong, LU Nanyang, ZHU Fengxiang, ZHANG Tao 2024, 65 (12):  3068-3074.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240228 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1737KB) ( 140 )   To clarify the indicators suitable for evaluating the maturity of sheep manure compost and improve composting efficiency, this study used Hu sheep manure as raw material and conducted a 63 day composting experiment using a stack style manual composting method to investigate the changes in physical, chemical, and biological parameters during the composting process of pure sheep manure. The results showed that the composting temperature was divided into a warming period (0-1 day), a high temperature period (2-20 days), a medium temperature period (21-44 days), and a stable period (45-63 days). Temperature, dry matter yield, organic carbon content, carbon nitrogen ratio, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, potassium availability, phosphorus availability and other indicators tend to stabilize around 49 days of composting, which can be used as indicators to evaluate whether sheep manure compost is mature and stable. Based on various indicators, it is recommended that when the dry matter yield of the compost is ≤78%, or the organic carbon content is ≤38%, or the carbon nitrogen ratio is ≤12.4, or the nitrate nitrogen is ≤0.15%, or the ammonium nitrogen is ≤0.019%, or the potassium availability is ≤91%, or the phosphorus availability is ≥73%, or the temperature enters the stable period, it can be considered that the compost has matured and stabilized. The bulk density of the decomposed compost product is 0.48 g·mL-1, and the dry matter yield is 89.9%. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of hazardous biological factors and their prevention and control technologies in fecal utilization HE Qingfang, WANG Jie 2024, 65 (12):  3075-3079.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240806 Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1265KB) ( 139 )   There are still hazardous biological factors that can affect the environment and human health in the current process of resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. Improper treatment of the large number of pathogenic bacteria and parasitic eggs carried by manure fertilizers can lead to zoonotic diseases. This article listed the main hazardous biological factors in the process of using livestock and poultry manure fertilizer, discussed the problems existing in the current process of resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, summarized the key prevention and control technologies for hazardous biological factors, and put forward suggestions for reasonable planning, source control and process monitoring, providing reference for ensuring the biological safety of the livestock and poultry breeding industry, preventing animal epidemics, and preventing the spread of livestock and poultry breeding sources to the environment. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experience and enlightenment on the protection and utilization of historical and cultural villages in Hangzhou City TU Han, SONG Yunwei, WANG Lei 2024, 65 (12):  3080-3083.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230781 Abstract ( 48 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1391KB) ( 168 )   The protection and utilization of historical and cultural villages in Hangzhou originated from the “Thousand Villages Demonstration and Ten Thousand Villages Renovation” project. This paper introduced the basic situation of the protection and utilization of historical and cultural villages in Hangzhou, summarized the characteristics and experience of Hangzhou in policy support, environmental optimization, cultural mining, and business development, and analyzed the existing problems in ideological understanding, cultural protection, village safety, and industrial renewal. The formation mechanism, scientific planning, support and extensive participation of historical and cultural villages in Hangzhou are considered and suggestions are put forward. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reflections on promoting rural development in mountainous areas under the background of “The Window of Qingtian” in the new era: a case study of Malingjiao Village, Zhenbu Town, Qingtian County ZHOU Shuling, ZHU Qunhong 2024, 65 (12):  3084-3088.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240827 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1241KB) ( 139 )   The study focuses on the construction of beautiful rural areas in the new era under the background of “The Window of Qingtian”, and focuses on Malingjiao Village in Zhenbu Town, Qingtian County to explore innovative paths and practical models for rural revitalization in mountainous areas. The study adopts a combination of field research, policy analysis, and case studies to deeply analyze the specific measures taken by Malingjiao Village in terms of primary, secondary and tertiary improvement, collective asset revitalization, integration of the tertiary industry, ecological protection, and cultural inheritance. The research results indicate that through the strategy of “sharing and common prosperity, integrating agriculture and tourism, and promoting the linkage of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries”, the village has achieved optimization of industrial structure, development and growth of collective economy, increase in villagers' income, and improvement of ecological environment, exploring a sustainable path for rural revitalization in mountainous areas. This study provides a reference model for the construction of beautiful rural areas in Qingtian County, as well as empirical support and theoretical reference for the construction and revitalization of beautiful rural areas in southwestern Zhejiang and even the whole province. References | Related Articles | Metrics