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    11 March 2026, Volume 67 Issue 3 Previous Issue   

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    Comparative experiment on introduction of autumn waxy maize in Cixi City
    ZHANG Linling, CAI Nadan, QI Zirong, MA Lingyan, ZHANG Liquan, CAI Pan
    2026, 67 (3):  557-561.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240697
    Abstract ( 97 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (390KB) ( 105 )  

    To screen high-quality waxy maize varieties suitable for autumn planting in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions,this study conducted a field comparative trial of 14 waxy maize varieties in Cixi City in the autumn of 2023. Through systematic determination and comprehensive analysis of the growth period,plant traits,panicle traits,yield and quality indicators of each variety,superior varieties suitable for local ecological conditions were screened out,with the aim of providing a basis for the promotion and application of new varieties. The experimental results showed that the entire growth period of the tested varieties was 77 to 87 days. Among them,Wannongtiannuo 158 had the shortest growth period(77 days),and it only took 16 days from silking to harvest,demonstrating good early maturity. In terms of yield,the average yield per plot of Zhenuoyu 24 was the highest(33.37 kg),which was equivalent to a yield of 1 405.16 kg per 667 m2,representing a 64.30% increase compared with the control variety. The yield of Wannongtiannuo 158 ranked second(with an average yield of 33.10 kg per plot and 1 393.79 kg per 667 m2),which was 62.97% higher than that of the control variety. Moreover,its spike traits were well-coordinated,the grains were plump,and the taste was sweet and glutinous,demonstrating excellent overall performance. In addition,varieties such as Jingtiannuo 807 and Yunuo 17-1 also performed well in terms of yield and characteristics. This study held that Wannongtiannuo 158 performed relatively evenly in terms of yield,quality and adaptability,and was suitable to be promoted as a variety of autumn waxy maize in Cixi City. The results of this experiment provide theoretical guidance for the upgrading of the local fresh maize industry and the increase of agricultural efficiency.

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    Breeding and application of Xunong 5,a new maize variety with high yield and multiple resistance
    HUANG Zhongqin, LI Xiaoshan, SU Zaixing
    2026, 67 (3):  562-565.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240363
    Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (407KB) ( 89 )  

    Xunong 5 is a new conventional maize variety developed by the Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Jiangsu Xuhuai District,using RT212 as the female parent and HL210 as the male parent. It is suitable for cultivation in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize region. This variety exhibits high yield potential,strong comprehensive stress resistance,and wide adaptability. This paper describes the breeding process,characteristics,yield performance,comprehensive resistance,and cultivation techniques of Xunong 5,providing technical references for its extension and application.

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    Application of functional magnesium hydroxide meso-element fertilizer in late rice
    LI Xiaoyan, LU Ruohui, WANG Feng, WU Wangcheng, LIU Ruyang, CAO Xiaochuang
    2026, 67 (3):  566-569.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240380
    Abstract ( 78 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (387KB) ( 65 )  

    This study investigated the effects of applying a functional magnesium hydroxide meso-element fertilizer under conventional nitrogen fertilization and 15% nitrogen reduction on yield traits,agronomic traits,nitrogen uptake,and grain quality of late rice variety Yongyou 1540. The results showed that compared with conventional nitrogen application,the addition of the magnesium hydroxide meso-element fertilizer increased rice yield by raising the number of spikelets per panicle and effective panicles,with the application rate of 10 kg per 667 m2 performing better than 5.0 kg. Even under the 15% nitrogen reduction condition,a relatively high yield level was maintained. In addition,the application of this magnesium fertilizer reduced chalky grain rate and increased gel consistency,thereby improving rice processing and nutritional quality. In summary,it is recommended to apply 5.0-10.0 kg of the functional magnesium hydroxide meso-element fertilizer per 667 m2 on the basis of conventional fertilization with 15% nitrogen reduction,which can both enhance rice yield and improve grain quality. The fertilizer should be applied as a basal dose as early as possible.

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    Evaluation of application effects of novel plant growth regulators on rice
    ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Chunhua, HUANG Dejuan, WANG Cheng, ZHU Jie
    2026, 67 (3):  570-574.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250631
    Abstract ( 68 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (418KB) ( 101 )  

    To explore the application effects of the novel plant growth regulators coronatine(COR)and phthalanilic acid(PA)on rice,a field plot trial was conducted in 2024. Applications were made at the late tillering stage,pre?heading stage,and grain-filling stages,respectively. The effects of different treatments on rice growth traits,yield components,and safety were compared and analyzed. The results showed that all treatments exhibited good safety. Both COR and PA could improve rice plant architecture by reducing plant height and the length of basal internode,thereby enhancing lodging resistance,with the combined treatment of coronatine and Guibaipei showing the best performance. PA treatments significantly increased the number of effective panicles,improved seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight,resulting in a yield increase of 29.8%-30.2% compared with the control(CK). COR treatments effectively increased the number of grains per panicle,and among them,the treatment with 3 applications of coronatine achieved the highest yield increase,reaching 40.0% compared with the control. In conclusion,COR and PA demonstrated outstanding performance in increasing rice yield and enhancing stress resistance,demonstrating potential to replace traditional plant growth regulators.

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    Breeding and cultivation techniques of the new high-quality and high-yield wheat variety Huamai 22
    MA Yongzhou, CAO Zhuanqin, SUN Jie, ZHOU Fengming
    2026, 67 (3):  575-579.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240940
    Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (404KB) ( 66 )  

    Huamai 22 was a new semi-winter wheat variety with high quality and high yield,developed by Jiangsu Provincial Dahua Seed Enterprise Co.,Ltd.,using the pedigree method,with Lianmai 4 as the female parent and Huaimai 35 as the male parent. Results from regional and production trials indicated that this variety had a total growth period of 222.6 d,a plant height of 84.0 cm,an effective panicle number of 643.8×104 hm?2,35.5 grains per panicle,and a 1 000-grain weight of 44.2 g. In terms of disease resistance,it shows moderate susceptibility to Fusarium head blight,moderate resistance to yellow mosaic disease,and high susceptibility to stripe rust,leaf rust,and powdery mildew. Huamai 22 was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2023 and was suitable for promotion and cultivation in the Huaibei wheat region of Jiangsu Province.

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    Comparison experiment of spring sowing peanut varieties in Daishan County
    GU Kami, ZHANG Hao, FEI Wei, XU Feng, ZHANG Xiaoli, LI Fuzhen
    2026, 67 (3):  580-584.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240936
    Abstract ( 55 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (363KB) ( 91 )  

    In order to screen the excellent peanut varieties suitable for spring planting in Daishan County,the spring sowing experiment was carried out on 21 peanut varieties(lines)introduced for consecutive two years from 2022 to 2023. The results showed that the pod yields of Yuanza 6,Shunhua 14 and Zhehua 6 were 4 200.0,4 176.8 and 4 175.3 kg·hm-2,respectively,which were more than 16.0% higher than that of control. The growth period was shorter than 120.0 days,and the comprehensive performance was relatively outstanding,which was suitable for further demonstration and promotion of planting in Daishan County. The pod yield of Zhecaihei 6,a black peanut variety,was 4 230.0 kg·hm-2,ranking first among the tested varieties,and can be appropriately planted as a characteristic variety.

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    Effect of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with humic acid on the growth,yield and quality of flue⁃cured tobacco
    FANG Liang, LI Wenbiao, DONG Jicui, CHAI Yunxia, HUANG Guangyi, ZHANG Shiyang, YU Haohao, TANG Kailei, HE Feifei
    2026, 67 (3):  585-590.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231078
    Abstract ( 80 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (446KB) ( 65 )  

    To investigate the effects of the combined application of chemical fertilizer and humic acid on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,we used K326 as the experimental material in this study,and a field experiment was conducted in the tobacco-planting region in Chuxiong,Yunnan Province. The effects of five levels of chemical fertilizer(G0:conventional chemical fertilizer application rate;G1:reduced application rate of G0 by 15%;G2:reduced application rate of G0 by 30%;G3:reduced application rate of G0 by 45%;G4:no fertilizer application)and two levels of humic acid(H1:humic acid mainly applied as foliar fertilizer;H0:equal amount of water without humic acid)on plant phenotypic traits,tobacco chemical indexes,tobacco yield and its production value were analyzed. The results showed that the amount of conventional fertilizer applied to tobacco in Chuxiong exceeded the nutrient demand of the plants,as reducing the amount of conventional fertilizer by 15%-30% had no significant effect on the yield and production value of tobacco leaves. Compared with the treatment of water,applying humic acid(H1)increased the maximum leaf length,maximum leaf width and number of leaves;increased the nicotine content but decreased the total sugar content of the leaves. Furthermore,the yield,average price and production value of tobacco grown under H1 were increased by 6.60%,5.26% and 11.68%,respectively,compared with those grown under H0. Overall,there were no significant interactions between the effects of chemical fertilizer application rate and humic acid on the phenotypic characters,yield and production value of tobacco leaves. Therefore,reducing 15%-30% of the conventional chemical fertilization rate and applying extra humic acid could increase the yield and production value of tobacco leaves if tobacco is planted in the Chuxiong tobacco-growing area of Yunnan Province.

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    Optimization of regeneration system for explant from potato Yongma 1
    WANG Fang, ZHANG Yuxu, ZHU Shijun, CHEN Tiefeng, JIN Shuquan, YAN Chengqi
    2026, 67 (3):  591-594.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240513
    Abstract ( 56 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (339KB) ( 59 )  

    The establishment of regeneration system for potato explant played a crucial role in the fundamental theoretical research of potato breeding,detoxification and rapid propagation,as well as the metabolic,physiological,and biochemical aspects of cells and tissues. This experiment selected the variety Yongma 1 as the material,and applied different disinfection methods to treat buds of different lengths,so as to select the most suitable bud length and disinfection time for establishing regeneration system for potato explants,laying the foundation for forming a complete high-quality breeding system with tissue culture rapid propagation,greenhouse cutting,net room cultivation,original seed breeding,and qualified production as the chain. The results showed that the optimal apical bud length for the survival and growth of the potato explants of Yongma 1 was 1.0 to 1.5 cm. Apical buds that were too large or too small were not conducive to the establishment of regeneration system for potato explant. At the same time,the explants with apical buds washed in running water for 30-35 minutes,disinfected with 75% ethanol for 30 to 50 seconds, and disinfected with 0.1% HgCl2 for 180 to 300 seconds had the highest survival rate and the lowest contamination rate and browning rate. In addition,the optimal light intensity for the growth of potato explants was 3 000 to 5 000 lx, and the light duration was 12 to 18 hours.

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    Preliminary report on the cultivation performance of 13 new rapeseed varieties in Hangzhou City
    MAO Wenlong, CHEN Mingxiang, YING Jianping, CHU Sijie, LIU Tao, WANG Guirong
    2026, 67 (3):  595-599.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240791
    Abstract ( 74 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (373KB) ( 70 )  

    This study presented a preliminary report on the planting performance of 13 new rapeseed varieties in the Hangzhou area. Through conducting planting experiments in specific areas of Hangzhou,the performance of 13 rapeseed varieties in terms of growth period,main economic traits,field occurrence of Sclerotinia rot,lodging and cold resistance was investigated. The results showed that the growth period of 13 rapeseed varieties after planting in Hangzhou area was 208-220 days,the yield of 667 m2 was 56.45-128.23 kg,and the occurrence degree of Sclerotinia rot of each variety was "mild",lodging resistance was "moderate" or "good",and the cold resistance was "good". Based on the yield measurement results,the 667 m2 yield of Zhenongyou 12 was as high as 128.23 kg,and it had good disease resistance,lodging resistance and cold resistance,which can be promoted for planting in the Hangzhou area. This study provided an important reference basis for screening out new rapeseed varieties suitable for planting in the Hangzhou area,which are high-yielding,high-quality and have strong stress resistance.

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    Analysis of differential microbial proteins and their sources during the aging process of tobacco leaves
    ZHANG Yifan, LI Feng, JIN Lifeng, YANG Yue, FU Junjie, WANG Xiao, XU Qiang, MIAO Chenlin, LU Zhenming, HU Zongyu
    2026, 67 (3):  600-607.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240885
    Abstract ( 49 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1282KB) ( 71 )  

    The microorganisms on the surface and inside of tobacco leaves are rich and diverse,which are closely related to the aging quality of tobacco leaves. In this study,the differential microbial proteins and source microorganisms of tobacco leaves with different aging time were analyzed by macroproteomics technology,and the enzymes related to improving the quality of tobacco leaves were excavated to identify the key functional microorganisms. The results showed that the microbial proteins of tobacco leaves with different aging time were significantly (p<0.05) different. During the aging process of tobacco leaves,Acinetobacter and Sphingomonas synergistically degraded tobacco cellulose through β-1,4-glucanase and β-glucosidase. Pseudomonas facilitated protein degradation in tobacco leaves by producing aminopeptidase,while Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas produced β-amylase and glucoamylase to degrade starch synergistically. In addition,dominant genera such as PseudomonasAcinetobacter,and Enterobacter were involved in the degradation of carotenoids and their derivatives. This study provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent improvement of tobacco leaves aging strategies.

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    The classification method of physical characteristics of tobacco leaves based on K-means clustering
    XU Qiang, SU Xuemiao, MIAO Chenlin, ZHANG Yifan, YANG Yue, CHEN Chao, HUANG Enhua, WU Hao, ZHANG Yuhai, HU Zongyu
    2026, 67 (3):  608-616.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250019
    Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1171KB) ( 57 )  

    To clarify the typical production areas,physical characteristic indicators and data distribution intervals of tobacco leaves with different processing attribute types,and to explore the physical characteristics of tobacco leaves with different processing attribute types,this study selected 31 varieties of tobacco leaves from 72 prefecture-level cities in 18 provinces including Yunnan Province and Henan Province. The physical characteristic indicators such as adhesion force,shear strength,penetration strength,leaf stem binding force,branch binding force,tensile force and elongation were analyzed. The K-means clustering and Gaussian mixture model algorithms were adopted for analysis,and the classification method of processing attributes was established. The results showed that using the normal coefficient evaluation index can improve the clustering effect of the model. The clustering effect of the physical characteristics of tobacco leaves using the K-means model was superior to that of the Gaussian mixture model. When 0.35 was taken as the threshold of the normal coefficient,the physical indicators of tobacco leaf samples can be classified into three categories according to typical production areas. This study provides a certain reference basis for determining the physical properties of tobacco leaves with different processing attribute types.

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    Effects of water-fertilizer synergistic supply model on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco
    HAN Zhujun, ZENG Yu
    2026, 67 (3):  617-622.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240293
    Abstract ( 70 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (415KB) ( 74 )  

    To improve fertilizer utilization efficiency,enhance leaf quality,increase flue-cured tobacco yield,and promote farmers' income,this study investigated the effects of water-fertilizer synergistic supply models on the growth,yield,and quality of flue-cured tobacco,aiming to identify the optimal model suitable for high-quality tobacco production in Ji'an. Three treatments were set up:CK(conventional fertilization),T1(conventional fertilization + one additional application of yellow-ripening fertilizer),and T2(conventional fertilization + two additional applications of yellow-ripening fertilizer). The results showed that in terms of agronomic traits,applying yellow-ripening fertilizer promoted tobacco plant growth and development as well as upper-leaf expansion,with T2 performing the best. Economically,both one and two applications of yellow-ripening fertilizer helped improve the economic indicators of tobacco leaves. Regarding appearance quality,the total scores of T1 and T2 were higher than that of CK,with no difference between T1 and T2. In chemical composition,total sugar,reducing sugar,and nicotine contents decreased,while potassium and chlorine contents increased;the ratios of reducing sugar to total sugar,total sugar to nicotine,and potassium to chlorine were improved,thereby enhancing the coordination of chemical components. In sensory quality,the total sensory scores followed the order T2>CK>T1. Overall,the T2 treatment(with two additional applications of yellow-ripening fertilizer)demonstrated a relatively clear improving effect on tobacco leaf quality.

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    Characteristics of 33 winter rapeseed varieties and recommendations of superior varieties
    MAO Wenlong, YING Jianping, CHENG Dajun, SHENTU Lanxin, XU Shouzeng, SHI Yijun
    2026, 67 (3):  623-628.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250658
    Abstract ( 92 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (481KB) ( 69 )  

    To screen superior winter rapeseed varieties suitable for Hangzhou,this experiment conducted systematic observations on 33 winter rapeseed varieties at the Hangzhou Original Seed Farm,focusing on growth period,stress resistance,yield,and other traits. A comprehensive evaluation was performed in combination with climatic conditions during the planting period. The results showed that varieties such as Ningza 182,Zhongyouza 501,and Tengyou G50 performed outstandingly,with moderate growth period,strong lodging resistance,high yield,and excellent disease resistance,making them suitable for promotion as superior varieties. Varieties such as Shengguang 2003,Zhongyouza 41,and Qinyou 908 also demonstrated good potential and can be considered as promising candidates for further attention. This study provides a scientific basis for the rational selection and promotion of local winter rapeseed varieties in Hangzhou.

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    Breeding of a new rapeseed variety Chongyou No.2 with high yield and disease resistance
    HUANG Hualei, LI Yanhua, SHI Youming, XIAO Changming, LIU Tao, ZHOU Yan
    2026, 67 (3):  629-633.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240844
    Abstract ( 58 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (405KB) ( 79 )  

    Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences developed a high-yield and disease resistant new rapeseed variety,Chongyou No.2,using cytoplasmic male sterile line ChongA10 as the female parent and restorer line Chong79R as the male parent in Brassica napus. In the regional joint variety comparative test of winter rapeseed in southwest China for two consecutive years in 2018—2019 and 2019—2020,the average yield of Chongyou No.2 was 2 861.80 kg·hm-2,which was 5.07% higher than the control variety Rongyou 18. The content of erucic acid in its seeds was not detected,and the content of glucosinolates was 18.93 μmol·g-1,with an oil content of 43.8%. Chongyou No.2 had been registered as a non-major crop variety in 2023 and was suitable for cultivation in Chongqing,Sichuan,Guizhou,and Shaanxi. This article summarized the breeding process,characteristics,years of multi-point experimental results,and key cultivation techniques of Chongyou No.2,so as to provide technical support for its better promotion and application in production.

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    Bioinformatics and expression pattern analysis of DoGSTF11 in Dendrobium officinale
    ZHANG Yiqun, CHEN Jiadong, WU Yongqiang, SONG Minquan, LIU Yingying, DUAN Xiaojing, TAO Zhengming, JIANG Wu
    2026, 67 (3):  634-639.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240951
    Abstract ( 48 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1614KB) ( 81 )  

    Glutathione S-transferases (GST) are widely distributed in plants,and they participate in the transport of secondary metabolites in plants,the detoxification of heterologous substances,hormone regulation and cell apoptosis,et al. In this study,we analyzed one selected GST gene named DoGSTF11 through bioinformatics and expression pattern analysis. The results showed that DoGSTF11 gene encoded 221 amino acids. The relative molecular weight of DoGSTF11 protein was 25.16 ku,and its theoretical isoelectric point(pI)was 6.34. The DoGSTF11 protein was an unstable hydrophobic protein,with no transmembrane domain or signal peptide. It contained 10 protein phosphorylation sites and featured two conserved domains:N-terminal domain and C-terminal domain. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that DoGSTF11 protein had the highest homology with VvGST4 protein of V. vinifera,with a similarity of 67.0%. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that the relative expression levels of DoGSTF11 gene varied across different strains as follows:purplish stem > pink stem > green stem,and across different tissues as follows:flower > leaf > stem > root. The results of cis-acting element analysis showed that the promoter sequence of DoGSTF11 gene contained multiple elements,which were related to plant hormones and environmental factors. The expression of DoGSTF11 gene was significantly(p<0.05) up-regulated under the induction of low temperature,which suggested that this gene may regulate the low temperature response process of Dendrobiumofficinale. This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the function of DoGSTF11 gene and its role in response to abiotic stress.

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    Effects of altitude on the growth and fruit quality of Kadsura longipedunculata
    ZHENG Shiwei, YIN Rui’an, WU Lirong, WU Jian, BAO Shiting, ZANG Yunxiang, WU Yuanhai
    2026, 67 (3):  640-643.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240569
    Abstract ( 69 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (400KB) ( 66 )  

    Qingyuan County is a suitable growing area for South Wuweizi(Kadsura longipedunculata),with relatively widespread wild resources,yet its development and utilization remain insufficient. This study selected wild and cultivated seedlings for comparative planting in Huangtian Town(altitude 380 m)and Zhangcun Township(altitude 760 m). The results showed that,for both cultivated and wild seedlings,the higher altitude of Zhangcun Township(760 m)was more conducive to the growth of stem diameter and stem length of Kadsura longipedunculata. Altitude had a highly significant effect on the growth rates of both traits. Higher altitude significantly increased the single-fruit weight and total sugar content of the fruits,but did not significantly affect other fruit quality indicators. In conclusion,for promoting the cultivation of Kadsura longipedunculata in Qingyuan County,it is recommended to select mountainous areas at altitudes above 500 m.

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    Comprehensive evaluation of germplasm resources of Ophiopogon japonicus from Zhejiang Province based on principal component and cluster analysis
    GONG Fuyu, XU Jianzhong, LI Zhenfeng, WANG Zhi’an
    2026, 67 (3):  644-651.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240408
    Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (975KB) ( 58 )  

    Comprehensive evaluation of the diversity among different germplasm resources of Ophiopogon japonicus from Zhejiang can provide a theoretical basis for screening superior germplasms. In this study,20 materials of O. japonicus from different sources were collected,and 12 main agronomic traits along with 4 quality traits were measured. Systematic evaluation was conducted using principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis. The results showed that variations existed among all traits across the germplasms,with the coefficient of variation(CV)for methylophiopogonanone B content being the highest(reaching 151.48%),while the CVs for total flavonoid content and leaf width were relatively low. PCA extracted four principal components,whose cumulative variance contribution rate reached 83.091%,effectively characterizing the 16 traits. The comprehensive evaluation indicated that germplasm resources from Xiaolin Town(XL),Shengshan Town(SS),and Xinpu Town(XP)in Cixi City,Zhejiang Province,ranked the top three in scores and can be used as excellent materials for parental selection in O. japonicus breeding. Compared with wild resources,local landraces have developed a more favorable combination of traits through long-term cultivation,making them more suitable as parents for genetic breeding. This study provides a reference for the future utilization of O. japonicus germplasm resources and the breeding of new varieties.

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    Response patterns and quality evaluation of main medicinal components in different honeysuckle varieties under drought stress
    HUANG Ting, PAN Zhanbing, ZUO Zhong, ZHAO Zidan, FAN Jinxin, YANG Hui
    2026, 67 (3):  652-661.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240906
    Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (7698KB) ( 60 )  

    In response to the insufficient research on drought resistance in honeysuckle and the unclear patterns of change in its main medicinal components under arid conditions,this study investigated the effects of different water stress levels on key medicinal indicators across various honeysuckle germplasms. The contents of chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A,isochlorogenic acid C,lonicerin,luteoloside,secologanoside,and secologanic acid were measured in five honeysuckle varieties under different drought treatments. Comprehensive evaluation using two-way analysis of variance,one-way analysis of variance,correlation analysis,and principal component analysis revealed that variety and water stress are key factors affecting the content of medicinal components in honeysuckle. The metabolism of these components exhibits interdependent,promoting,or inhibiting relationships. Except for the atypical performance of Jiufengyihao honeysuckle,the medicinal component contents in Siji honeysuckle,Hongse honeysuckle,Pingyishanhuazi honeysuckle,and Beihuayihao honeysuckle consistently decreased with increasing drought severity. Under the five drought stress levels,Hongse honeysuckle performed the best,while Jiufengyihao honeysuckle consistently received the lowest scores. Through systematic analysis and evaluation of the main medicinal components in these five varieties,this study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the changing patterns of medicinal components in honeysuckle under drought stress and for breeding drought-tolerant superior varieties.

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    Breeding of a new watermelon variety Suxiu 2924
    YANG Nianfu, WU Shaojun, MENG Jiali, SHEN Hong, YU Xiang
    2026, 67 (3):  662-665.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250102
    Abstract ( 49 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (331KB) ( 55 )  

    Suxiu 2924 is a small-fruited,red-fleshed hybrid watermelon variety developed by crossing the male parent 21A-29 with the female parent 21A-24. It exhibits strong field growth vigor,easy fruit setting,and moderate stress resistance. The first female flower appears at the 6th node,and the fruit development period is 30 days,with a total growth period of 101 days. The fruit is nearly round with a shape index of 1.19. In the variety comparison test,the peel thickness was 0.68 cm,the single melon weight was 2.65 kg,the flesh was red,the central sugar content was 13.0%,and the edge sugar content was 10.0%. In the production test,the average yield per 667 m2 was 2 537.5 kg,which is suitable for protected cultivation in Jiangsu and surrounding areas.

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    Integrated application and benefit analysis of light and simplified cultivation techniques for strawberry in greenhouse
    YE Wenjun, LI Long, LI Jianwei
    2026, 67 (3):  666-669.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250056
    Abstract ( 46 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (341KB) ( 65 )  

    To achieve the goal of labor-saving and efficiency-increasing in greenhouse strawberry production,based on the actual production of strawberry in greenhouse,a simplified cultivation technique system for strawberry in greenhouse was summarized and proposed,which includes six key operational components:cultivation of labor-saving varieties,mechanical furrowing and ridging,automatic film rolling system,integrated water and fertilizer management,graded picking,and rail transportation system. Compared with traditional planting,this system can increase the average annual income of strawberry in greenhouse by 5 290.5 yuan per 667 m2,effectively promoting the large-scale and high-quality development of the strawberry industry.

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    Effect of facility cultivation on the quality and benefit of Myrica rubra
    YING Zhengzheng, ZHANG Jianbin, WU Shijun, ZHANG Shuwen, YU Zheping, SUN Li, LIANG Senmiao, WU Yuyong
    2026, 67 (3):  670-674.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240915
    Abstract ( 57 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (765KB) ( 72 )  

    Using Myrica rubra cv. Biqi as experimental subjects,and field cultivation as a control,the effects of single-film facility cultivation and double-film facility cultivation on the phenological period,fruit quality,and economic benefits of Myrica rubra cv. Biqi were studied. The results showed that the phenological period of Myrica rubra cv. Biqi under double-film facility cultivation was earlier than that under field cultivation and single-film facility cultivation. Under double-film facility cultivation,the maturity period of Myrica rubra cv. Biqi was 15-17 days earlier than under field cultivation,and 3 days earlier than under single-film facility cultivation. Under double-film facility cultivation,single fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit transverse diameter,and soluble solids content of Myrica rubra cv. Biqi were all improved compared with field cultivation and single-film facility cultivation. Under facility cultivation,the economic benefits of Myrica rubra cv. Biqi were better,especially under double-film facility cultivation,the net profit increased by 33.4% compared with single-film facility cultivation. In summary,double-film facility cultivation can promote early maturation of Myrica rubra cv. Biqi,improve fruit quality,and increase economic benefits,indicating that double-film facility cultivation is more suitable for high-quality cultivation of fresh Myrica rubra cv. Biqi in China.

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    Effects of soil conditioners on the growth of ginger in continuous cropping greenhouse
    ZHU Xudong, TANG Ning, XIE Qigan, LI Ruochen, LYU Jianfei, YE Xuezhu
    2026, 67 (3):  675-680.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240691
    Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (502KB) ( 65 )  

    In order to investigate the improvement effect of different soil conditioners on the quality and yield of ginger in continuous cropping greenhouse,a field plot experiment was conducted with five treatments:control,bio-organic fertilizer,bio-organic fertilizer combined with biochar,bio-organic fertilizer combined with humic acid,bio-organic fertilizer combined with foliar silicon fertilizer. The changes in quality,yield and growth indexes of ginger were analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control,the plant height of ginger significantly(p<0.05)increased by 19.0-22.2 cm,the number of tillers significantly increased by 1.8-2.5,fresh weight of stem and leaf significantly increased by 45.9%-54.9%,fresh weight of rhizome significantly increased by 11.7%-20.7%,yield significantly increased by 26.8%-33.6%,and gingerol content significantly increased by 0.34-0.48 percentage point when treated with bio-organic fertilizer combined with biochar,humic acid,or foliar silicon fertilizer. The contents of Cd,Cr and Ni in ginger were significantly decreased by 31.1%,23.3% and 48.8% when treated with bio-organic fertilizer combined with humic acid,and the content of Pb in ginger significantly decreased by 21.8% when treated with bio-organic fertilizer combined with foliar silicon fertilizer. In conclusion,bio-organic fertilizer combined with biochar,humic acid or foliar silicon fertilizer can improve the quality and yield of ginger,and the best one is bio-organic fertilizer combined with humic acid.

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    Multi-residue analysis and dietary exposure risk assessment of commonly used fungicides in celery from Zhejiang Province
    FAN Hua, DU Ziyan, HUANG Yanping, CHU Han, WANG Xinquan, QI Peipei, GU Chengbo, WANG Zhiwei
    2026, 67 (3):  681-688.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240948
    Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (483KB) ( 71 )  

    The issue of pesticide residues in celery has been increasingly drawing attention,especially the detection of fungicides. To understand the safety status of fungicides in celery,210 celery samples were continuously collected from production bases in Zhejiang Province from 2022 to 2023,and the residual detection of 26 typical fungicides was analyzed. A comprehensive assessment of the detected fungicides in celery was carried out through acute and chronic dietary exposure assessment of single pesticides and the multi-residue comprehensive safety index method. The results showed that in 112 celery samples,17 fungicides were detected in 210 celery samples,with a detection rate of 53.33%(112/210). Among them,procymidone(29.52%),pyraclostrobin(27.62%),difenoconazole(14.76%),chlorothalonil(14.29%),carbendazim(13.33%),iprodione(11.90%)and dimethomorph(11.90%)had relatively high detection rates. Procymidone and carbendazim,which were frequently detected,were unregistered pesticides for celery. It is necessary to strengthen the standardized training of pesticide use in celery and encourage enterprises to initiate pesticide registration work. The legality judgment results of the detected fungicides showed a pass rate of 98.10%. The parameters exceeding the standard were difenoconazole(2 times),carbendazim(1 time)and chlorothalonil(1 time). The multi-residue phenomenon was common in celery,and samples with two or more fungicides detected accounted for 73.21%(82/112). Although a single fungicide met the limited requirements and the acute and chronic dietary exposure risk assessment was within an acceptable range,the comprehensive safety index method assessment found that two batches of samples had multi-residue risks. The detection rates of procymidone,pyraclostrobin,dimethomorph were all relatively high. The multi-residue phenomenon of pesticides in celery is relatively common in Zhejiang Province. It is necessary to strengthen pesticide supervision to ensure the safe production of celery.

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    Yield increasing characteristics of vegetable soybean Kaohsiung 9 under foliar fertilizer application
    WANG Dongqun, CHENG Meiling, WANG Fei
    2026, 67 (3):  689-692.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240605
    Abstract ( 64 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (327KB) ( 77 )  

    To investigate the yield increasing characteristics of vegetable soybean Kaohsiung 9 under foliar fertilizer intervention,different basal fertilizer rates were applied to simulate varying soil fertility conditions,and the yield variation patterns were analyzed. The results showed that,except for the N3 treatment,pod yield increased initially and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application,while stem and leaf yield first decreased and then increased. With increasing phosphorus application,pod yield gradually rose,whereas stem and leaf yield exhibited a dynamic change of first decreasing,then increasing,and then decreasing again. Except for the K3 treatment,pod yield initially increased and then decreased with increasing potassium application,peaking at the K2 treatment,while stem and leaf yield showed a “W”-shaped fluctuation. This study provides a reference for the rational cultivation of vegetable soybean Kaohsiung 9 under different soil fertility conditions.

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    Effects of different cultivation management practices on agronomic traits of radish in southern Zhejiang
    FENG Yue, WU Xiaobi, HU Tianhua, WANG Jinglei, HU Haijiao, LAI Liansai, CHEN Jun, BAO Chonglai
    2026, 67 (3):  693-697.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240946
    Abstract ( 92 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (565KB) ( 70 )  

    This study quantitatively analyzed the effects of sowing date,harvest date,and plant spacing on single root weight,root length,root diameter,and yield of two radish varieties(Zheluo 6 and Xinmei 1). The results showed that sowing date and harvest date had significant or highly significant positive effects on all traits of both varieties. Plant spacing had a highly significant positive effect only on the single root weight and root diameter of Zheluo 6,but no significant effect on its root length or on the single root weight,root length,and root diameter of Xinmei 1. Furthermore,plant spacing exhibited a highly significant negative effect on the plot yield of both varieties. In summary,appropriately delaying the sowing date,extending the harvest date,and reducing plant spacing are beneficial for increasing radish yield. This study provides a theoretical basis for the efficient cultivation of the two radish varieties.

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    Comprehensive evaluation of 16 miniature Phalaenopsis varieties based on phenotypic characters
    CHEN Yushan, LOU Kexun, MIAO Qiang, LOU Jun, MA Guanxi, CAI Xiaojun
    2026, 67 (3):  698-703.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250083
    Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1088KB) ( 79 )  

    In order to screen Phalaenopsis varieties with fast growth,large number of flowers,short production cycles,and suitable for high-density cultivation in small pots,a total of 16 miniature Phalaenopsis varieties introduced and cultivated in Hangzhou were investigated for four growth traits including leaf length and leaf width,as well as six ornamental traits including flower number and flower diameter. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted. The results showed that the 16 varieties clustered into 5 groups;all of them showed vigorous growth and abundant flowers,but showed differences in flower diameter,number of branches,and growth potential. A comprehensive evaluation of varieties was carried out according to the overall ornamental effect,stable characters,and stress response,and eight varieties suitable for cultivation and production in Hangzhou were screened out. The established evaluation and analysis method has important guiding and reference significance for screening miniature Phalaenopsis varieties suitable for cultivation in Hangzhou and the Yangtze River Delta region.

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    Growth characteristics and adaptability of Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou 1 in the southwest region of Shandong Province
    MENG Qingfeng, YUE Zenghui, ZHU Limei, WANG Shuxia, LIU Yanzhi, ZHANG Xin, CHU Huimin
    2026, 67 (3):  704-708.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250101
    Abstract ( 37 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (644KB) ( 73 )  

    This study took polyploid varieties of Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou 1 as the research object,systematically analyzed its growth characteristics,agronomic traits,and nutrient contents in the southwest region of Shandong Province through field experiments,and explored the effect of environmental factors and cultivation measures on its growth. The results showed that Arundo donax cv. Lvzhou 1 entered a rapid growth period 90 d after transplantating,and there was an extremely significant(p<0.01)positive correlation between stem diameter and plant height. The number of new tiller branches was significantly(p<0.05)affected by the stubble height and the number of branches of tissue-cultured seedlings. When the stubble height was 100 cm,the number of new tiller branches reached 26.6;when the number of branches of tissue-cultured seedlings was more than or equal to 3,the number of new tiller branches could be significantly improved. When the plant height was 160-200 cm,the crude protein content of the whole plant(13.3%-13.6%)was the highest,and the crude fiber content(38.3%-50.7%)was within an acceptable range. It is recommended to mow at this stage to balance the yield and nutritional requirements. This study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific planting,harvesting management,and ecological economic coordinated development of Lvzhou 1 in the southwest region of Shandong Province.

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    Analysis of the potential pathological mechanisms of internal browning of peach-shaped plum in Pujiang based on metabolomics
    XIE Xiaobo, PAN Mingzheng, QIU Haiping, FAN Fei, GAO Anzhong, REN Qiandong, ZHANG Yuchao
    2026, 67 (3):  709-715.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250866
    Abstract ( 38 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (3036KB) ( 61 )  

    To investigate the etiology of internal browning of peach-shaped plum in Pujiang,mature fruits with internal browning(XMB)and normal fruits(XMG)were used as research objects. Non-targeted metabolomics was applied to analyze and compare the metabolite profiles between XMB and XMG. A total of 90 differential metabolites were identified by secondary mass spectrometry. Twenty-seven metabolites,including the plant antitoxin 6-methoxymellein,showed upregulation in relative content,while sixty-three metabolites showed downregulation in relative content. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway was activated. The results suggest that internal browning of peach-shaped plum in Pujiang is likely a pathological disorder induced by pathogen infection,providing an important reference for disease control.

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    Control of bayberry fruit rot and effects of reducing chemical application and increasing efficiency by Bacillus SOD microecological preparation
    ZHU Jiewen, YING Zhengzheng, WU Yuyong, WANG Jing, REN Haiying, WANG Qi, LI Gang
    2026, 67 (3):  716-720.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250120
    Abstract ( 46 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (436KB) ( 68 )  

    Fruit rot is a major disease that damages bayberry fruits and causes significant economic losses. To investigate the efficacy of Bacillus SOD microecological preparation in controlling bayberry fruit rot and improving fruit quality,this study used facility-cultivated Dongkui bayberry as the test material and conducted field experiments with gradient concentrations of the SOD preparation and its combined application with chemical pesticides. The treatments included:Bacillus SOD microecological preparation at 250-fold dilution,at 500-fold dilution,and at 500-fold dilution combined with 50% dose of conventional pesticides,with conventional pesticides as the control. Spray applications were initiated at the young fruit stage and repeated at 15-day intervals. Fruit rot incidence and quality indicators were measured at maturity. Results showed that compared with the control,both concentrations of Bacillus SOD microecological preparation and its low-concentration combination with reduced chemical pesticides demonstrated certain control efficacy against fruit rot,with efficacy ranging from 32.2% to 86.1%. The 250-fold dilution treatment exhibited optimal control effect,with an efficacy of 86.1%,and the most significant improvement in economic benefit,which increased by 21.6% compared with the control. In conclusion,scientific application of Bacillus SOD microecological preparation can improve fruit quality,enhance economic efficiency,and reduce pesticide use in bayberry production,making it worthy of widespread promotion in the industry.

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    Study on the effect of drying and storage conditions on the shelf-life quality of pecan products
    YANG Jianhua, YANG Daiju, CHEN Jian, HU Xuchun, GAO Junlong
    2026, 67 (3):  721-725.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240979
    Abstract ( 58 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (494KB) ( 58 )  

    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of post-harvest drying methods and cold storage conditions on the quality of pecan products during shelf life. By comparing changes in acid value,peroxide value,and sensory quality scores of pecans under different conditions,the optimal drying and storage conditions were identified:sun-drying was employed to reduce the moisture content of the raw material to 5%,with a cold storage temperature of 3 °C,and a relative humidity of 50%. The determination of these processing parameters provides a scientific basis for the drying and storage of pecan. It contributes to improving the quality of the product while effectively prolonging its shelf life,thereby better meeting market demands.

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    Tolerance and culture condition optimization of hypoglycemic Lactobacillus rhamnosus
    WU Shuting, WU Pengfei, CHEN Chunying, ZHANG Yuqing, XING Jinzhan, AN Lixia, SUN Yali
    2026, 67 (3):  726-731.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240204
    Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (951KB) ( 52 )  

    This study compared the hypoglycemic abilities of three strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and selected Lactobacillus rhamnosus JYLR-005,which demonstrated the best hypoglycemic function,for further investigation. The tolerance characteristics of Lactobacillus rhamnosus JYLR-005 were evaluated through acid tolerance,bile salt tolerance,and survival rates in simulated intestinal fluid and simulated gastric fluid. Additionally,the culture conditions for the strain were optimized. The results indicated that Lactobacillus rhamnosus JYLR-005 could grow in media with pH values ranging from 1.5 to 6.5,showing a higher survival rate at pH value 6.5,which increased over time. The strain could survive under ox bile salt concentrations of 3-9 mg·L?1,indicating a certain level of bile salt tolerance. The survival rates of Lactobacillus rhamnosus JYLR-005 in simulated gastric fluid(pH value 1.5)and simulated intestinal fluid(pH value 6.8)gradually decreased over time. Orthogonal experiments revealed that the optimal culture conditions for Lactobacillus rhamnosus JYLR-005 were pH value 7.5,temperature 40 °C,inoculum size 5%,and incubation time 54 h.

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    Effect of pig stocking and bacteria mattress fertilizer technology on soil fertility and environmental quality of newly reclaimed farmland
    CHEN Yanfang, LI Guifang, ZHAN Guohui, CHENG Jianjun, YIN Hanqin
    2026, 67 (3):  732-736.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240621
    Abstract ( 46 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (446KB) ( 68 )  

    In this study,we set up 3 different fertilization treatments(T1,applying 1 t of pig manure bacteria mattress fertilizer per 667 m2;T2,applying 2 t of pig manure bacteria mattress fertilizer per 667 m2;T3,applying 1 t of commercial organic fertilizer per 667 m2),and studied the effects of pig stocking and bacteria mattress fertilizer technology on soil fertility and environmental quality of newly reclaimed farmland. The results showed that pig manure bacteria mattress fertilizer can significantly increase the pH value of the soil, thereby facilitating the improvement of the soil's acidity and alkalinity. All three treatments can increase the content of organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in the soil,especially T2 showed the best improvement effect on increasing the content of organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium. And the content of four heavy metals including arsenic,cadmium,mercury,and copper in the soil of T2 increased obviously,while the content of heavy metals in the soil treated by T1 and T3 fluctuated relatively little,indicating that the application of pig manure bacteria materess fertilizer or organic fertilizer had the risk of accumulating some heavy metals in the soil,which was related to the amount of fertilizer applied. Among them,the accumulation of arsenic in the soil was more obvious and the pollution risk was greater. It was recommended to apply in moderation,strengthen the management of use,and carry out regular and continuous monitoring of the soil to avoid the risk of heavy metal pollution in soil and crops. Furthermore,the pig stocking and bacteria mattress fertilizer technology had a relatively significant effect on improving the fertility of newly reclaimed farmland and increasing the economic income of farmers,demonstrating good application value and potential. The research results have certain reference and guiding value for the study of techniques to enhance the fertility of newly cultivated farmland.

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    Study on the process of preparing nano-lanthanum oxide from plant extract
    ZHENG Ming, ZHEN Luyuan, SHI Qiuxiang, CAI Panpan, CHEN Dong, SONG Xiaoyu, ZHANG Yuqian
    2026, 67 (3):  737-742.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240898
    Abstract ( 43 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (886KB) ( 55 )  

    In this study,we synthesized the nano-lanthanum oxide material through the reaction between the extract of Sophorajaponica powder and lanthanum nitrate solution. The structural characteristics of the material were identified using transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The study explored the effects of extraction method of plant extract,volume of plant extract,pH value of plant extract,volume of lanthanum nitrate solution,and reaction time on the product yield(precipitate amount)during the synthesis process of nano-lanthanum oxide. TEM observations revealed that the average diameter of the nano-lanthanum oxide particles was(84.45±0.29)nm. The XRD patterns basically confirmed the formation of lanthanum oxide. Based on the analysis results of the single-factor trials,we believed that during the synthesis of nano-lanthanum oxide using the extract of Sophora japonica powder,larger amounts of precipitate were produced under 40 mL of plant extract,10 mL of lanthanum nitrate solution,pH value of 6.22,and heating time of 1 hour,the amount of precipitate produced by this reaction was relatively large. Furthermore,the precipitate amount was significantly higher compared with the method of stirring at room temperature. The study showed that the green synthesis of lanthanum oxide nanomaterials using Sophora japonica powder was not only convenient and rapid but also cost-effective and environmentally friendly,presenting a promising prospect in the green synthesis of rare earth nanomaterials.

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    Effects of bast straw biochar application on cadmium-contaminated soil bacterial community
    ZOU Lina, LIU Tingting, LUO Xiahong, CHEN Changli, LI Shaocui, ZHU Guanlin, AN Xia
    2026, 67 (3):  743-749.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240947
    Abstract ( 52 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1738KB) ( 75 )  

    The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of application of different bast straw biochar on the bacterial community structure of cadmium-contaminated farmland soil,which is of great significance for the resource utilization of bast straw and the application of bast straw biochar. A soil incubation experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of different bast(flax,jute,ramie and kenaf) straw biochars on bacterial diversity and community structure. The results showed that jute straw biochar significantly reduced the diversity of soil bacterial community,while ramie straw biochar treatment decreased soil bacterial richness to some extent. In contrast,flax and kenaf straw biochar had no significant effects on soil bacterial diversity and richness. The application of all bast straw biochar significantly changed the soil bacterial community structure,and the community structure difference between jute straw biochar and control was the greatest. At the phylum level,jute straw biochar significantly increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota. At the genus level,all types of bast straw biochar significantly decreased the relative abundance of Oxobacter and Sphingomonas. In conclusion,application of bast straw biochar can change the composition of soil bacterial community in cadmium-contaminated farmland soil,which may further affect the growth of crops. This study provides a scientific basis for evaluating the application potential of bast straw biochar in cadmium-contaminated farmland.

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    Study on microorganisms in aquaculture water,soil,and intestine of Rana nigromaculata in the ecological breeding model
    HE Runzhen, LIANG Qianrong, ZHU Ningyu, YUAN Fan, JIN Jing, BEI Yijiang, ZHOU Fan, DING Xueyan
    2026, 67 (3):  750-756.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240868
    Abstract ( 51 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1033KB) ( 65 )  

    Rice-frog ecological breeding is one of the new breeding models actively promoted in Zhejiang Province. This study analyzed the microbial community abundance,diversity,and composition of aquaculture water,soil,and intestine of Rana nigromaculata under three different breeding densities(20 000,25 000,and 30 000 frogs per 667 m2)during two key farming periods(August and October). The results showed that the microbial community abundance of aquaculture water,soil,and intestine of Rana nigromaculata were higher in October than in August. The phylum with the highest relative abundance of aquaculture water,soil,and intestine of Rana nigromaculata in October were Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota,and Firmicutes,respectively. Compared with rice monoculture(control group),the microbial community abundance of aquaculture water decreased and the microbial community abundance of soil(except for high-density group) increased after rice-frog mixed breeding,the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota of aquaculture water decreased,while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota,Firmicutes,Cloacibacterium,and Comamonas of aquaculture water increased. In the high-density group,the microbial community abundance of aquaculture water,soil,and intestine of Rana nigromaculata was the lowest,while in the medium density group,the microbial community abundance of aquaculture water,soil,and intestine of Rana nigromaculata was the highest(except for the control group). With the increase in breeding density,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Verrucomicrobiota and Akkermansia increased,while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota decreased in intestine of Rana nigromaculata in October,indicating that the breeding density affects microbial composition of aquaculture water,soil,and intestine of Rana nigromaculata. Appropriate breeding density can increase the microbial community abundance in Rana nigromaculata intestine,which is beneficial for maintaining intestine health.

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    Effect of digital agriculture and rural construction on the high⁃quality development of family farms
    FU Rundong, XIA Tingting, YING Shijia, LIU Qiang
    2026, 67 (3):  757-762.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240962
    Abstract ( 49 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (546KB) ( 82 )  

    Digital agriculture and rural construction provides important opportunities for the high-quality development of family farms. Based on the survey data of 20 724 family farms in Hangzhou and Jiaxing from 2015 to 2022,this study constructed a high-quality development indicator system and used the entropy method and DID model to empirically analyze the impact mechanisms and heterogeneity of digital agriculture and rural construction on family farms. The results showed that digital agriculture and rural construction significantly enhanced the high-quality development of family farms,with notable heterogeneity at both individual and regional levels.

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    Study on the construction path of a regularized production⁃sales connection mechanism for agricultural products in Zhejiang Province
    YING Chengtong, CHEN Huijie, QIAO Wanxia
    2026, 67 (3):  763-766.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250740
    Abstract ( 46 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (428KB) ( 60 )  

    Zhejiang Province,as a typical province with small agricultural output and large consumption of agricultural products,has increasingly prominent structural contradictions in the supply and demand of agricultural products. Local agricultural products are facing severe challenges in terms of production costs,market competition,and supply chain collaboration. Based on the actual situation of the agricultural product production and sales system in Zhejiang Province,this article systematically analyzed the core problems existing therein,such as the fragmentation of production entities,the aging structural gap,the high procurement threshold,and the loose interest connection. The study suggested that to establish a regularized production-sales connection mechanism,efforts should be made in a coordinated manner from multiple dimensions,including subject cultivation,digital business for rural development,logistics optimization,brand promotion,and benefit sharing. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive theoretical framework and practical pathway for Zhejiang Province to promote high-quality agricultural development and enhance the market competitiveness of agricultural products,and to offer useful references for the reform and innovation of the modern circulation system of agricultural products in the Yangtze River Delta region and even the whole country.

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    Problems and countermeasures in rural land transfer in mountainous counties:a case study of Longquan City,Zhejiang Province
    ZHANG Meijuan
    2026, 67 (3):  767-770.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250748
    Abstract ( 38 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (405KB) ( 61 )  

    This paper takes Longquan City,Zhejiang Province as a case study to explore the current status,challenges,and countermeasures of rural land transfer. The study finds that although the land transfer rate in Longquan has been increasing year by year,several issues persist,including weak infrastructure in mountainous farmland,inadequate land transfer management mechanisms,the impact of the "non-grain" policy,and farmers' conservative attitudes. Therefore,this paper proposes that improving production conditions should focus on the mechanization-friendly transformation of terraced fields in mountainous areas,changing farmers' perceptions through enhanced publicity and policy incentives,and establishing a sound land transfer service system based on digital platforms. These measures aim to promote the standardized,efficient,and orderly development of rural land transfer in Longquan,providing insights for similar mountainous counties.

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    Exploring the cultivation model for rural professional managers: a practical analysis based on the Thousand Village CEOs Training Program in Zhejiang Province
    CHEN Xiying
    2026, 67 (3):  771-779.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250827
    Abstract ( 54 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (554KB) ( 52 )  

    Aiming to address the "desertification" dilemma of rural operation talents in rural revitalization,this study focuses on the innovative practice of the Thousand Village CEOs Training Program in Zhejiang Province to systematically explore the cultivation model for rural professional managers. In response to prevalent issues within existing training systems,such as insufficient multi-party collaboration,disconnection between content and actual needs,rigid selection mechanisms,weak practical application,and lack of regional synergy,the program has established a four-dimensional collaborative mechanism involving "government-university-enterprise-association" and innovatively designed a "four-stage spiral" cultivation path. Practical results demonstrate that this model,through the integration of collaborative governance innovation,immersive practical training,and digital technology,has effectively resolved challenges related to talent competency transformation and regional coordination,providing a replicable "Zhejiang Experience" for cultivating rural professional managers nationwide.

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    Application prospect of traditional processing technology and emerging processing technology of broccoli
    FAN Mengrui, WANG Yuxiao, GU Duanyin, ZHANG Rentang
    2026, 67 (3):  780-786.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250099
    Abstract ( 49 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (468KB) ( 87 )  

    This paper focuses on the processing technology of broccoli,and discusses the traditional processing technology and emerging processing technology of broccoli. The traditional processing technology includes cleaning,blanching,quick freezing,drying,and storage and preservation technology. These technologies play a key role in the preliminary treatment and long-term storage of broccoli to ensure the basic quality and food safety of broccoli during processing. With the continuous progress of science and technology,the development of emerging processing technologies has brought new opportunities for the improvement of processing quality and safety of broccoli,such as high hydrostatic pressure technology,nano packaging technology,plasma treatment technology,and 3D printing technology. The application of these technologies is expected to further improve the processing quality and safety of broccoli,and provide strong support for the development of the broccoli industry.

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    Research progress of functional rice
    ZHANG Zhihong, HUANG Fengming, WU Mingming, ZHAI Rongrong, YE Jing, YE Shenghai
    2026, 67 (3):  787-793.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240899
    Abstract ( 63 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (452KB) ( 77 )  

    The development and utilization of functional rice is of great significance in promoting agricultural development and meeting diversified market demands. Functional rice mainly includes five categories:colored rice,low glutelin protein rice,high resistant starch rice,giant embryo rice,and drug manufacturing bioreactor rice,each with different health functions and effects. They can provide more suitable staple foods for consumers in need and also have auxiliary treatment effects on related diseases. At present,people's attention to functional rice is increasing day by day,and China has increased its research and utilization of functional rice. This article reviewed the research progress of functional rice breeding in recent years,with the aim of providing effective guidance for accelerating the breeding and research and development of functional rice.

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    Discussion and suggestions on multi-layer vertical sheep farming technology
    SONG Jia, HAN Qiang, JIANG Xiaoli, JIANG Yongjian, ZHOU Pengfei, JIANG Yongqing, WANG Haiqing
    2026, 67 (3):  794-798.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250109
    Abstract ( 40 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (969KB) ( 53 )  

    Due to the scarcity of land relative to population,multi-layer vertical farming of livestock and poultry has emerged as a development trend. However,multi-layer vertical farming of sheep is still in the exploratory stage,with limited reports available. Based on the practical context of Zhejiang Province,this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of multi-layer vertical sheep farming,explores key aspects of multi-layer sheep house construction including structural safety,animal welfare,material handling,and digital integration,and proposes four recommendations:prudent decision-making,scientific design,standardized construction,and systematic summarization. These insights provide guidance for current efforts in constructing multi-layer sheep houses.

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    Current status,issues,and development countermeasures for the Camellia oleifera industry in Quzhou
    SHI Zijian, CHENG Jianhui, GE Siyu
    2026, 67 (3):  799-803.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250228
    Abstract ( 48 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (455KB) ( 53 )  

    Quzhou is one of the two major Camellia oleifera production areas in Zhejiang Province. The Camellia oleifera industry has been listed as one of the "three billion-yuan industries" by the municipal government,ushering in a period of rapid development. Through methods such as data collation,extensive surveys,and field research,this study comprehensively analyzes the Camellia oleifera industry in Quzhou from the perspectives of its current status and industrial advantages. The results indicate that the Camellia oleifera industry in Quzhou has a solid foundation,a rational layout,integrated primary,secondary,and tertiary sectors,and significant potential. However,challenges persist,including extensive management leading to low returns,limited new planting areas,difficulties in transforming low-yield plantations,a relatively short industrial chain,and weak brand competitiveness. In response to these issues,this paper proposes countermeasures such as improving the scale of Camellia oleifera management,promoting technological innovation,and implementing a "dual-track" standard system for processing and sales of Camellia oleifera products,aiming to promote the healthy and rapid development of the Camellia oleifera industry in Quzhou.

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    Analysis of influencing factors of cottonseed protein,oil and gossypol
    TIAN Shengying, XIA Qianhao, LYU Xiumin, CHEN Fuli, JI Linzhang, WANG Weijun
    2026, 67 (3):  804-812.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240910
    Abstract ( 41 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1019KB) ( 58 )  

    Protein,oil and gossypol in cottonseed are the main components determining the value attributes of cottonseed. Their content and proportion are jointly affected by genetic background and environmental conditions. Factors such as enzymes and transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis of these three components are the primary determinants of their levels,while environmental conditions,including temperature,nutrients,light,and water,as well as cultivation practices also play important regulatory roles. Therefore,by breeding specialized varieties and optimizing cultivation conditions,diverse market demands can be aligned with agricultural production,thereby promoting the market-oriented utilization of cottonseed. This paper primarily analyzes the main controlling factors of protein,oil and gossypol content in cottonseed from a genetic perspective and discusses the external effects of environmental factors,aiming to provide references for cotton variety breeding and cultivation management.

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    Research progress on biological control of Cytospora canker
    SHE Wenjing, NING Wanjun, LIU Zheng, HUANG Minmin, WANG Baoqing, NIU Ben, ZHANG Qiang, WU Di
    2026, 67 (3):  813-820.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250095
    Abstract ( 44 )   HTML ( 2013265919 )   PDF (490KB) ( 115 )  

    Cytospora canker,a plant disease caused by fungi of the genus Cytospora,is characterized by strong transmissibility and wide-ranging impact. It not only disrupts ecological balance but also inflicts significant economic losses on the forestry industry. As a green and sustainable disease management strategy,biological control has garnered widespread attention in recent years. This paper reviews the types of biocontrol microorganisms,their mechanisms of action,and integrated management strategies against Cytospora canker,aiming to provide theoretical guidance and practical references for the biological control of this disease.

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