For the purpose of the selection the superior flue-cured tobacco cultivars for Lijiang area, the field properties and dissecting structure of leaves of ten newly introduced flue-cured tobacco cultivars (‘Yunyan98’, ‘Yunyan110’, ‘Yunyan113’, ‘Yunyan114’, ‘Yunyan115’, ‘Yunyan202’, ‘H3’, ‘MSK326’, ‘T29’ and ‘XYN87’) were measured. The results showed: (1) The new ten flue-cured tobacco cultivars can adapt the local ecological environment and farming system well, ‘T29’ had the longest growth period, ‘T29’, ‘XYN87’ and ‘H3’ had the best agronomic characters. (2) ‘Yunyan110’, ‘XYN87’, ‘MSK326’ and ‘H3’ had the best leaves’ dissecting structure, however, ‘Yunyan113’ and ‘T29’ were on the contrary; (3) Coefficient of variation of palisade/spongy tissue thickness ratio was the biggest, which was 26.51%, but leaf thickness and palisade/leaf thickness ratio were the least, that were 15.93% and 13.42%, respectively. Palisade tissue thickness had significant positive correlation with leaf thickness, palisade/spongy tissue thickness ratio and palisade/leaf thickness ratio, had positive correlations with spongy tissue thickness. The study also indicated improving cultural practice can make the dissecting structure of flue-cured tobacco leaves that had good agronomic characters better.

通过对丽江市引进的10个烤烟新品种（‘云烟98’、‘云烟110’、‘云烟113’、‘云烟114’、‘云烟115’、‘云烟202’、‘H3’、‘MSK326’、‘T29’和‘XYN87’）田间性状及烟叶组织结构的比较，为当地选择优良品种种植提供参考。结果表明：（1）10个烤烟新品种均能较好地适应当地的生态条件和栽培措施，品种‘T29’生育期明显长于其余品种，它与‘XYN87’、‘H3’的农艺性状表现最好；（2）‘云烟110’、‘XYN87’、‘MSK326’和‘H3’等品种的叶片组织结构表现最优，‘云烟113’和‘T29’表现最差；（3）各品种叶片组织结构中，组织比变异系数最大，达26.51%，叶厚和栅叶比最小，分别为15.93%和13.42%，栅栏组织厚度与叶片厚度、组织比、栅叶比呈极显著正相关，与海绵组织厚度成显著正相关。通过相关栽培措施可以使农艺性状表现好的品种烟叶组织结构得到改善。

摘　要： 为了筛选适应河南省特定生态条件下的优良烤烟新品种，以2010年区域试验为基础，采用AMMI模型对4个试点7个品种（系）的主要经济性状和感官质量进行了稳定性和适应性分析。结果表明，7个品种（系）产量在适宜范围内，均价和上等烟比率因环境不同而存在变异，品系Y102产量、产值、均价和上等烟比率最高，具有特殊适应性；Y106产量高、质优且适应性广；H8190产量较高，均价和上等烟比率低于对照，稳定性较好；优选一号综合表现优于对照；8182和8122经济性状表现较差。烤烟品种（系）的感官质量存在显著的基因型与环境互作效应，Y102和Y106评吸得分高且适应性广。

摘　要： 近年来，由于烟叶品种退化、现有品种浓香型风格不突出等原因，造成浓香型烟叶风格弓豸化。因此，品种问题成为制约豫中地区优质特色烟叶生产的主要因素。积极筛选、研究、推广浓香型风格突出的优良品种，对恢复、提高和彰显浓香型烟叶风格特色，打造优质浓香型烟叶品牌，促进中式卷烟品牌优质原料体系建设具有十分重要的意义。

以烤烟品种K326、G80为材料,研究了不同素质烟苗移栽对根系活力和农艺性状的影响.结果表明,不同素质烟苗移栽后其生物量与单位根系活力呈负相关.嫩苗根系生物量大,可以较小的单位根系活力满足其对养料吸收的要求,还苗期短,群体光合速率最大;老苗、中苗还苗期长,生长速率慢.适时早栽有利于增加烟株的有效叶数、延长烟株大田生育期.

摘　要： 有机肥施用对土壤根际生态区域的影响关系密切,为探讨混合有机肥（草炭、芝麻饼肥、腐植酸、矿质肥）作用下烤烟根际的动态变化,采用盆栽试验,研究了混合有机肥用量对烤烟根系活力、土壤酶活性及微生物量碳（SMBC）的影响.结果表明：（1）增施混合有机肥500 g/株对烤烟根系活力提高效应最大,于移栽后60 d 较对照提高了200.06%.（2）增施混合有机肥500 g/株对土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶的提高作用最显著,于移栽后60 d 土壤酶活性较对照依次提高了53.45%、33.98%、61.90%,而增施混合有机肥750 g/株对土壤微生物量碳的提高作用最明显,其次为500 g/株的处理,在移栽后60 d 分别较对照提高了97.51%和82.04%.（3）混合有机肥作用下,各处理的烤烟根系活力、土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶及微生物量碳均有显著提高,均在移栽后60 d 出现峰值.总之,施用适量混合有机肥能提高烤烟根系活力,改善根际土壤环境,以500 g/株的处理最佳.

摘　要： 本试验采用室内盆栽方法，研究了干旱胁迫对‘南豆12号’、‘贡选1号’、‘桂夏’3种大豆幼苗叶片内的生理生化指标的影响。结果表明：在所试干旱处理下，所试材料的叶绿素含量比正常供水有所下降，可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化碡活性总体上均比正常供水高，不同材料闻各参数有显著差异。研究结果显示，3个品种在干旱胁迫下的适应能力存在差异，‘南豆12’和‘贡选1’的耐旱性较差，‘桂夏’的耐旱性较强。

In order to solve the problem caused by continuous cropping and chemical fertilizer application,this research studied the effects of rice and peanut straw-returning on the activities of root and some physiological characters of carbon-nitrogen metabolism of flue-cured tobacco in northern Guangdong tobacco-planting area. The results showed that: rice and peanut straw-returning effectively improved the activities of root of flue-cured tobacco, made root aging speed slower in mature stage, the maximum activity of root happened at 2500kg/ha peanut straw-returning. Rice and peanut straw-returning could obviously improve the activities of amylase and nitrate reductase of tobacco leaf before topping stage(55 days after transplanting), the activities of amylase reached their peaks 10 days earlier than that of control. The activities of amylase, nitrate reductase and invertase of tobacco leaf decreased, the Inv/NR increased during mature stage. In our experiment，the activities of nitrate reductase of rice straw-returning treatments were higher than that of peanut straw-returning treatments, and also higher when the amount of straw applied more before topping stage.

为解决长期连作及施用化肥带来的植烟土壤环境恶化问题，在粤北烟区开展了秸秆还田对烤烟根系活力和碳氮代谢生理特性影响的研究。结果表明：水稻、花生秸秆还田处理的烤烟根系活力均显著提高，且成熟期根系衰老速度延缓，施用2500 kg/hm2花生秸秆的烤烟根系活力最强。打顶前（移栽后55天）秸秆还田处理叶片中淀粉酶、硝酸还原酶活性显著高于对照，且淀粉酶活性高峰提早10天；成熟期淀粉酶、硝酸还原酶、酸性蔗糖转化酶活性则显著降低，Inv/NR比值升高。水稻秸秆还田处理的硝酸还原酶活性高于花生秸秆还田处理，且打顶前秸秆还田量高的处理高于秸秆还田量低的处理。

摘　要： 为探索冷水灌溉对番茄幼苗高温胁迫的缓解效应,研究了灌溉5,8,11,14℃的冷水对番茄幼苗根际温度、幼苗生长发育及花芽分化的影响.试验结果表明：（1）冷水灌溉能够在灌溉后2 h内降低根际与基质表面温度,降温幅度随着灌溉水温的降低呈增强趋势;（2）灌溉水温对番茄幼苗形态有不同程度的影响,随着灌溉水温的降低,幼苗株高、根系活力呈下降趋势,而幼苗全株干物质积累、壮苗指数呈增加趋势.8℃冷水灌溉条件下,番茄幼苗的根冠比、根系干重、根系表面积在所有处理中为最高,且与对照差异达显著水平;（3）适宜温度的冷水灌溉可以提高番茄幼苗的抗逆性,8℃冷水灌溉显著提高了番茄幼苗叶片SOD活性和游离脯氨酸含量,同时降低了膜脂过氧化物丙二醛的含量;（4）冷水灌溉对番茄的第一花序和第二花序开花节位影响差异不明显,但能够显著提高第二花序开花数.从经济投入和试验结果考虑,8℃冷水灌溉为最适灌溉水温,在提高番茄幼苗的抗逆性,减轻高温胁迫对番幼苗生长发育的影响方面效果较佳.

Flue-curing characteristics of the new flue-cured tobacco variety NC55 introduced from abroad，which included changes of discoloration property under dark condition， pigments， water content and activity of polyphenol oxidase( PPO) were studied， with Zhongyan 100 as control， in order to find out the flue-curing characteristicsof NC55， a new flue-cured tobacco variety introduced from abroad． The results showed that NC55 performed rapidyellowing and good easy curing potential under dark condition． And the time which was from complete yellowing tocome into browning was longer of NC55 was longer than Zhongyan 100． NC55 had low speed of browing and goodendurable curing potential． The chlorophyll and carotenoid of NC55 declined rapidly， but the degradation was lowerthan Zhongyan 100 during curing． The color change during the yellowing stage of Zhongyan 100 was in accordancewith water removal． PPO activity of NC55 was lower during the early days of curing， and it would not occur browningreaction． Appearance quality and economic characters of NC55 in cured tobacco leaves were much better thanZhongyan 100．

为摸清引进烤烟新品种NC55的烘烤特性，以中烟100为对照品种，研究了成熟烟叶在暗箱条件下的变色特性，烘烤过程中色素含量、水分含量及多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性变化。结果表明，暗箱条件下，NC55变黄快，易烤性好；变黄后开始变褐时间较中烟100长，变褐速度也较慢，耐烤性也好。烘烤变黄期，NC55叶绿素和类胡萝卜素降解量也较大，但低于中烟100，变黄与失水速度较协调；烘烤前期NC55的PPO活性较低，不易发生棕色化反应。品种NC55的烤后烟叶外观质量和经济性状均显著好于中烟100。