Abstract:

The misuse and overuse of pesticides have seriously contaminated agricultural soils and water bodies, affecting crop yields and posing a threat to human and animal health. This situation has aroused global concern about the environmental pollution of pesticides. Therefore, how to remove pesticide residues from the environment and quickly and accurately detect pesticides and their metabolites has become a hot topic of concern and research for scientists. Plant-derived biochar is characterized by wide source, renewable and low price, which is a cheap and efficient adsorbent with the advantages of large specific surface area, high pore volume, adjustable surface functional groups, and good environmental compatibility. This paper has reviewed the applications of plant-derived biochar in pesticide residue detection in the past 10 years. By analyzing the physicochemical properties of different plant-derived biochar, researchers explored their ability to adsorb and remove pesticide residues from the environment. The H₃PO₄-modified biochar can be used as a slow-release carrier for fertilizers while adsorbing pesticide residues in agricultural fields. In addition, plant-derived biochar can be used as an adsorbent for dispersed solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) to selectively adsorb 49 trace pesticides in vegetables, neonicotinoid pesticides in traditional Chinese medicines, and organochlorine pesticides in fruit juices. This paper also evaluated the effectiveness of plant-derived biochar as a solid-phase extraction material in sample pretreatment and put forward future research directions.

Key words: plant-derived biochar, pesticide residues, environmental monitoring, solid phase extraction, sample pretreatment