The security of seed industry in the new era is related to national security, and the quality of seed industry science and technology talents determine the level of scientific and technological innovation in seed industry. In this study, 182 seed industry science and technology talents were selected as the research object, through online questionnaire and live discussion, in-depth analysis of the current seed industry of science and technology talents research present situation and problems was carried out, and the related suggestions and countermeasures were put forward from the optimization of science and technology talents evaluation mechanism, refining profit distribution mechanism, the enterprise integration development stimulating seed industry talent innovation, in order to provide reference for construction of seed industry science and technology team, as well as promote the development of seed industry revitalization in new era.

Since 1997, China has established a system for the protection of new plant varieties, which has played an important role in promoting breeding innovation and the development of seed industry. Through statistics and analysis of the application and authorization of new agricultural plant variety rights in Zhejiang Province from 1999 to 2021, it is found that the number of applications for new agricultural plant variety rights in Zhejiang Province has increased rapidly in recent years, and the awareness of intellectual property protection in the seed industry has been continuously enhanced. The authorized varieties are mainly field crops and melons and vegetables, and the main body of the authorized varieties is mainly universities and scientific research units, and some of the authorized varieties have been widely used in production. In addition, the problems existing in the protection of the rights of new varieties of agricultural plants in our province are also proposed, especially the perennial vegetatively propagated crops are the weak points of the protection of new varieties, and countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.

Sweet potato is an important food, feed, industrial raw material, and new energy crop, as well as an advantageous crop to promote rural revitalization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Zhejiang Province is the main sweet potato production area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This article summarizes the current production status of sweet potato industry in Zhejiang Province. Based on this, it further analyzes the problems in the development of sweet potato in Zhejiang Province, such as slow variety update and iteration, low popularization rate of virus-free seedling technology, and uneven development of production mechanization. Corresponding development strategies are proposed to provide reference for the high-quality development of sweet potato industry in Zhejiang Province.

At present, governments at all levels are closely monitoring food security and continuously introducing incentive policies to promote increased production. Regenerated rice, as a production measure to increase yield, is receiving attention from the government and planting entities. This article compares the regeneration ability and yield of seven hybrid medium rice varieties as regenerative rice, selects suitable varieties of regenerative rice for the Jiangnan region along the Yangtze River in Anhui, and promotes the improvement of local rice yield. The results showed that Xinliangyou 611 and Liuliangyou Xiang11 had strong regeneration ability, high yield, and the best overall performance; Xinliangyouxiang 128, Youliangyou 2152 and Quanyou 1606 have strong high node regeneration ability, and their yield performance during the regeneration season is higher than that of the control; The first season rice of Hanyou 116 and Hanyou 73 has higher yield, average regeneration ability, and lower yield in the regeneration season. Comparing the regeneration ability and yield performance of different rice varieties, when selecting regenerated rice varieties, the varieties with higher panicles per hectare in the first season will have higher yields in the two seasons.

The relationship between agronomic traits and yield of nine representative late japonica rice varieties in Zhejiang Province was analyzed. The effects of agronomic traits on yield could be understood, and to find the rules of late japonica rice variety examination and approval in Zhejiang province. In this study, nine late japonica rice varieties with good performance in Zhejiang Province were selected, and the representative varieties were transplanted to the field after accelerating germination, agronomic traits such as plant height, stem diameter, tillering, flag leaf length, flag leaf width and chlorophyll content were measured. Flag leaf width and stem diameter were the two most important factors affecting yield. The average stem diameter and flag leaf width of three cultivars in 2010-2019 were the largest in three periods, stem diameter and flag leaf width were the most important agronomic traits affecting yield of late japonica rice, and breeding researchers in Zhejiang Province had been increasing stem diameter and flag leaf width of late japonica rice.

In order to clarify the quality characteristics of japonica rice varieties in different rice regions of Henan Province, and to cultivate and improve high-quality rice varieties. Based on the japonica rice varieties tested in Henan Province from 2012 to 2017, the differences in rice quality and taxonomic classification in different rice regions and years in Henan Province were studied. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of processing quality, appearance quality, cooking taste quality and other indexes of japonica rice varieties tested in Henan rice area in the past six years was analyzed, and the coefficient of variation of processing quality was 1.92% for brown rice rate, 13.04% for head rice rate, and 79.13% for chalkiness. The coefficient of variation of grain length-to-width ratio was the lowest in the southern Henan group and 4.13% in the Yanhuang group. Principal component analysis showed that 4 principal component factors were extracted from the southern Henan group and 5 principal component factors were extracted along the yellow group. The cluster analysis of quality indicators can divide the tested varieties (lines) into three groups, and the high-quality group varieties can be used for large-scale promotion and application in production.

In order to screen out new high-quality late japonica rice varieties suitable for planting in the Yujiang Area of Jiangxi Province, a comparative experiment was conducted using 15 new late japonica rice lines provided by Shaoxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences at the Yujiang Experimental Base of the Dengjiabu Rice Original Seed Farm in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that the five lines of Yue 14, Yue 15, Yue 18, Yue 20 and Yue 24 performed better, especially Yue 20 showed outstanding performance in terms of high yield, comprehensive agronomic traits, resistance, etc., and had certain production application prospects.

Wucheng District has always had a tradition of planting double cropping rice. With the changes in rice production methods, there is a high demand for new varieties of continuous cropping late rice from major grain growers. Huazhong You 1 is a new indica-japonica hybrid rice variety introduced in Wucheng District. Using Huazhong You 1 as a continuous cropping late rice for machine rice transplanting and planting, and experiments were conducted with different planting density. The results showed that Huazhong You 1 has moderate plant height, strong stem and large panicle, excellent rice quality, moderate growth period, and high yield. This article introduces the characteristics and green high-yield cultivation techniques of Huazhong You 1, providing reference for large-scale production by grain growers.

The amylose content and gel consistency are key indicators of early indica rice quality, while the high amylose content and soft gel consistency rice quality type appears less frequently in early indica rice breeding materials. Zhezao 33 is a conventional early indica rice variety selected by Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and approved by the Zhejiang Provincial Main Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2023. Zhezao 33 has good yield and stability, moderate resistance to rice blast, moderate maturity and plant type, and good color transformation in the later stage. The rice is suitable for grain processing purposes, with an amylose content of 29.3% and a gel consistency of 83.5 cm, respectively. It belongs to the high amylose content soft gel consistency rice quality type. The parental sources, breeding process, variety characteristics, and key cultivation techniques of Zhezao 33 were introduced in this article.

Jiafengyou 3 is a new hybrid rice combination developed by Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China National Rice Research Institute, and Zhejiang Kedefeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd., which using Jiahe 112A (long grain type japonica rice three line male sterile line) as the female parent and G1143 (medium indica late maturing restoring line) as the male parent. This combination has advantages such as high yield, high quality, and moderate resistance to rice blast. It was approved by Zhejiang in April 2021 (Zhe Authorized Rice 2021019), and from 2021 to 2023, it has successively passed the introduction registration of Jiangxi Province [(Gan) Introduction 〔2021〕 No. 001], Anhui Province (Wan Introduction Rice 2021066), Fujian Province [(Min) Introduction 〔2022〕 No. 1], and Hubei Province (E Introduction Rice 2022055), making it suitable for planting medium rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This article introduces the breeding process, characteristic characteristics, high-yield cultivation, and seed production techniques of Jiafengyou 3.

Jiaheyou 7245 is a new hybrid rice combination developed by the China National Rice Research Institute in collaboration with Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other institutions, which using Jiahe 212A (a long grain japonica rice three line male sterile line) as the female parent and Zhonghui 7245 (a middle indica late maturing restoring line) as the male parent. This combination has advantages such as high yield, good quality, and resistance to lodging. It passed the national approval (National Authorized Rice 20170064) in July 2017, and from 2020 to 2022, it successively passed the variety approval of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Gui Authorized Rice 2020220), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region late rice (Gui Authorized Rice 2022093), and Jiangxi Province (Gan Authorized Rice 20210016). In 2022, it passed the Fujian Province introduction filing: Min Introduction Rice〔2022〕No. 1, which is suitable for planting middle and late rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This article introduces the breeding process, characteristics, high-yield cultivation, and seed production techniques of Jiaheyou 7245.

Zhehexiang 2 is a single season conventional late japonica rice variety developed in collaboration with Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Dahe Seed Industry Co., Ltd., and Zhejiang Wuwangnong Seed Shareholding Co., Ltd. In 2021, initially the experiment was conducted in Zhejiang Province and simultaneously the molecular characteristics analysis was conducted using molecular markers. The results showed that the average yield of Zhehexiang 2 was 9 664.5 kg·hm^-2, which increased by 5.8% compared with the control Xiushui 134. And its growth period was 160 days, which was 3.0 days more than the control variety. Moreover, this variety carries rice blast resistance genes, including Pi36, Pi50, Pizt, Pi63, Pib, Pi64, Pish, Pi37, Ptr, Pikm2 and Pi35. The sequence analysis revealed that there was a 7 bp missing at the 7th exon of the rice aroma regulating gene. Compared with the soft rice variety Nanjing 46, there is a G/T mutation in the first base of the Wx gene in Zhehexiang 2. These results will provide a theoretical foundation for the promotion and application of this variety and further genetic improvement.

Shangyu District of Shaoxing City is the main grain producing area of Zhejiang Province, the main mode of planting is double cropping rice, and the perennial planting of double cropping late rice has a large area, but the current continuous cropping late rice has a single variety, the main variety has a long planting life, etc., and it is urgent to introduce new varieties with moderate maturity, high quality and high yield, and strong resistance as the main varieties, so as to lay the foundation for the stable and high yield of continuous cropping late rice. To this end, in 2022, 4 new varieties were introduced, including Xiushui 7204 and Chunjiang 166, for regional comparison. The results showed that the maturity date, yield and resistance of the new varieties were better than those of the main cultivars of the year, and they were suitable for planting as double-cropping late rice in Shangyu Area.

In this study, 11 new early indica rice varieties including Zhongzu 101 were used as the object, and regional trials were carried out in Jinhua Area. The results showed that Jiachuang 92 had the highest yield, with a yield of 645.0 kg at 667 m², followed by Yongxian 980, with a yield of 641.7 kg, and the growth period was 3 and 5 days shorter than that of the control, respectively. This study provides a theoretical basis for the trial introduction of Jiachuang 92 and Yongxian 980 varieties in Jinhua Area.

In order to further ensure the high yield and high-quality collaborative production of rice in the southwestern mountainous areas of Zhejiang Province, nine newly approved rice varieties were introduced and planted for this study, with the most widely cultivated high-quality indica rice variety Zhongzheyou 8 as control. The reproductive period, yield, quality, temperature and light characteristics of the 10 tested varieties were comparatively analyzed, and the results showed that all the tested varieties were able to reach maturation in the southwestern mountainous areas of Zhejiang Province, but with significant differences in yield and quality. The comparative standards of this study for rice was set with the 667 m² yield of 450 kg and the edible quality standard of NY/T 593-2021, compared with the comparative standards, Zhongzheyou 8, Huazheyou 210, and Zhongzheyou 518 were selected as qualified for the synergy between high yield and high-quality.

In order to investigate the effect of different harvest periods on seed quality of hybrid rice F₁ generation, this study selected three hybrid rice seed production combinations, namely Jing 4155S/R534, Quan 9311A/Wushansimiao, and Longzhen 36S/Yuzhan, as experimental materials. After spraying gibberellin, 8 different harvest periods were set to study the effect of different harvest times on the seed quality of hybrid rice F₁ generation. By examining relevant agronomic traits, the results showed that Jing 4155S/R534 has good comprehensive seed quality and is suitable for harvesting around 33 days after spraying gibberellin; Quan 9311A/Wushansimiao seedlings have good comprehensive seed quality and are suitable for harvesting around 30 days after spraying gibberellin; Longzhen 36S/Yuzhan is suitable for harvesting around 35 days after spraying Jiuerling. Therefore, selecting an appropriate harvesting period can significantly improve the germination rate and vigor of hybrid rice seeds, increase thousand grain weight, reduce the degree of seed powdering and glume cracking, improve the quality of hybrid rice seeds, and ensure stable yield of hybrid rice.

In order to improve farmers' planting efficiency and stabilize grain and oil production, this study made full use of the advantages of geographical advantages and crop varieties, summarized and integrated the green and efficient cultivation mode of “early rice-fresh autumn soybean-rape” three-cropping water-upland rotation through years of experimental demonstration. This model not only realizes the green and safe production of grain and stabilizes and increases grain, but also greatly improves the land yield rate, effectively promotes agricultural efficiency and farmers' income, and is an efficient production technology model in line with the development direction of modern agriculture.

In order to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer partially instead of chemical fertilizer on rice production and soil fertility level,and to promote the reduction of chemical fertilizer application and its efficiency in rice production. In this study, no fertilization (CK₁) and conventional fertilization (CK₂) were used as controls and two experimental treatments, namely organic combined application instead of 15% (T₁) and 30% (T₂) chemical nitrogen fertilizer were set up, relevant experiment was conducted on rice during the summer and autumn season of 2023 in field. Yield and quality of early and late rice, soil physicochemical properties, mineral elements and other nutrient levels were different. The yield and quality of rice, soil physicochemical properties, and mineral elements levels were investigated. Compared with CK₂, the yield of early season and late season rice under T₁ and T₂ treatments increased by 5.03%-10.13% and 6.17%-12.96%, respectively. No significant change trend was found in rice processing and appearance quality indexes between treatments with conventional fertilization. The soil pH value, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in T₁ and T₂ treatments were significantly increased, and the available contents of mineral elements manganese, zinc and copper increased in different degrees. In addition, agronomic utilization and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of T₁ and T₂ were higher than those of conventional fertilizer control (CK₂), and they were descending with the increase of substitution ratio. In this study, organic fertilizer partially instead of chemical fertilizer is beneficial to rice high yield and nutrient utilization, and the replacement of 15% nitrogen fertilizer is a better method of fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement for local rice production.

The effect of nitrogen on rice protein contents has been widely studied, but the accumulation dynamics of protein components of superior and inferior grain in large-panicle rice and their responses to nitrogen are limited reported. In this study, two indica-japonica hybrid rice were used as materials, and four nitrogen rates, namely, N0 (no nitrogen application), low nitrogen (100 kg·hm^-2), medium nitrogen (200 kg·hm^-2), and high nitrogen (300 kg·hm^-2) were adopted to compare the characteristics of yield, grain types, grain weight and storage protein accumulation in superior and inferior grains. The results showed that nitrogen application significantly increased the yield, protein content for two cultivars, but there were differences in response to nitrogen. Yongyou12 obtained a high yield under low nitrogen, and its protein content was stable under different nitrogen treatments, which can get a balance of high yield and good quality. Low nitrogen had no significant effect on grain type, while high nitrogen reduced the ratio of length to width with a small extent, resulting in a slight decrease in grain weight. There was a compensatory effect between prolamin and glutelin accumulation, thus maintaining the relative balance of storage protein. Although the protein concentration of inferior grain was higher than that of superior grain, the total content was still significantly lower than that of superior grain due to its small grain weight. The storage protein is mainly located in the outer endosperm of grains, and Yongyou17 is more sensitive in response to nitrogen than Yongyou12. The obtained results can provide a theoretical basis for the high yield and good quality cultivation techniques of indica-japonica hybrid rice.

In this experiment, a comparative test of fertilizer efficiency of different slow-release fertilizers in rice under the condition of equal nitrogen was designed. The results showed that the application of slow-release fertilizer can replace the traditional application of chemical fertilizer by farmers on the premise of reducing the primary tillering fertilizer, so as to save labor and cost, increase yield and efficiency. However, due to the differences in nutrient distribution and slow-release processes between different brands of slow-release fertilizers, the field application effects are different. In this experiment, the yield increase effect of Haolegeng and Duoyicheng slow-release fertilizer were relatively better than that of the other two slow-release fertilizer brands.

The mud produced by the dredging of rural rivers has high organic matter content, and the stacking or landfill treatment not only affects the environment but also causes waste of resources. If it can be used as a culture substrate, waste can be turned into treasure. In this study, Nanjing 9108 was used as the test rice variety, and the rice seedling substrate was made from rural river mud and plant ash residue, and the effects of different ratios of seedling substrate on seedling quality were explored. Compared with the control and other treatments, 60% river mud +40% ash had the best seedling raising effect, and the seedling quality was higher than that of the other substrate treatments and controls, which could be used as a rice seedling raising substrate, which provided a feasible way for high value-added agricultural use of dredging river mud and plant ash.

This study focus on three kinds of transgenic rice, it aims to explore the changes in plant height, soluble sugar content, carbon and nitrogen content, and amino acid content of plants infected with SRBSDV. The results showed that the plant height of MH63, T1C-19, and T2A-1 significantly decreased after infection with SRBSDV, and the soluble sugar content was not significantly different from that of normal rice. The nitrogen content of MH63 and T1C-19 significantly increased after infection with SRBSDV, and the carbon content of T2A-1 infected with SRBSDV increased significantly. After infection with SRBSDV, the content of various amino acids and total amino acids in MH63, T1C-19, and T2A-1 increased.

In order to explore the influence of different direct seeding methods on rice production and screen out scientific and efficient sowing methods, a comparative test of three different rice direct seeding methods was carried out with Xiushui 14 as the experimental variety. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the total leaf age and seed setting rate of rice under different direct seeding methods. For hole direct seeding, the growth of leaf age and tiller number was relatively slower, and the effective spike number was relatively lower, but the actual yield reached 9 037.5 kg·hm^-2, which was 7.8% and 3.1% higher than that of spray direct seeding and aerial seeding, respectively. The benefit of hole direct seeding method was the highest, reaching 4 847.3 yuan·hm^-2, which was 60.8% and 15.0% higher than that of spray direct seeding and aerial seeding, respectively. It is currently the most ideal way of rice direct broadcast in Tongxiang Area.

In order to screen the suitable soil conditioners for direct seeding rice in saline-alkali land, 6 marketed soil conditioners were introduced to study the effect of soil improvers on soil chemical properties, seedling quality and yield before and after planting through one season of direct seeding rice planting. The results showed that soil conditioners had significant effects on reducing soil pH and soil water-soluble salinity, with the highest reduction of 2.76% and 0.9 g·kg^-1 in Site 1, and 2.78% and 0.58 g·kg^-1 in Site 2, respectively. Soil conditioners have no significant effect on increasing the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in saline-alkali land. Soil conditioners significantly promoted the quality of rice seedlings and could significantly increase the number of effective spikes and rice yield, with the highest yield increase of 11.06% and 6.44% in Site 1 and 2, respectively.The yield increase effect of soil conditioners on high salinity saline land was better than that on low salinity saline land, among which the three soil conditioners used in the experiment, Yan Jian Xiao, Beijing Kang Yuan and Hong Du Jia Ye, have better yield increase effect and can be used for reference.

In order to clarify the effects of organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer regulation on the yield and quality of glutinous rice during the booting-heading stage under high temperature, a randomized block experiment was conducted. Three treatments were set: organic fertilizer combined with conventional nitrogen fertilizer management (base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=4∶3∶3, CK), organic fertilizer combined with early tillering fertilizer (base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=5∶2∶3, T-CK), and organic fertilizer combined with early heading fertilizer (base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=5∶3∶2, P-CK). The study also took into account the extreme high temperature weather conditions in Zhejiang Province in 2022 (with 13 days of highest temperature above 35 ℃and 12 consecutive days of temperature exceeding 35 ℃, with a heat damage degree of 36 ℃ and a severity level of severe). The aim was to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer regulation on the yield and quality of glutinous rice during the booting-heading stage under high temperature. This study indicates that the heat damage loss rate of glutinous rice is significantly negatively correlated with the grain setting rate of glutinous rice. Compared with CK, T-CK significantly increased the number of grains per spike by 8.80%, and significantly reduced the content of amylose by 50%; The protein content in P-CK grains significantly decreased by 2.10%. In terms of heat damage loss rate, P-CK has the lowest heat damage loss rate. In summary, the combination of organic fertilizer and panicle fertilizer (base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶heading fertilizer=5∶3∶2) can alleviate high temperature and heat stress during the the booting-heading period of glutinous rice.

In order to explore the regeneration of rice seedlings in waste cultivation substrate and its production and application effect in paddy field, the waste substrate was prepared into a regeneration substrate after high-temperature aerobic stacking. The quality of seedlings in the three treatments was compared with the commercial substrate and nutrient soil, and the yield and its components were determined. The results showed that the regenerated substrate reached the standard of vegetable seedling substrate except for the EC value. Compared with the commercial substrate, the regenerated substrate had no effect on the seedling height, seedling length, leaf age, maximum single leaf length and width, and pseudostem diameter of rice seedlings, but significantly increased the number of roots 12 days after planting, and significantly increased the dry matter weight of the underground part of the seedlings. The regeneration substrate treatment significantly reduced the seedling inverted rate of rice seedlings, increased the seedling survival rate at 4 days after planting, and significantly increased the number of panicles and panicle rate at the maturity stage of rice, thereby promoting the increase of rice yield.

Chunyou 83 is a new indica-japonica hybrid rice with super high yield introduced from China National Rice Research Institute in Yuhang District. According to the production demonstration performance in 2023, this variety has the characteristics of strong plant growth, large spikes and many grains, good yield and resistance to lodging, with an average yield of 12 920 kg·hm^-2. The high-yield cultivation techniques include cultivating seedling with tiller, age-appropriate transplanting, precise fertilization, aerobic irrigation and comprehensive control of disease, insect and grass damage.

New plant variety right of wheat is a kind of intellectual property right, with the implementation of the wheat plant protection system, the trade of wheat plant variety right is increasing, research on the value of variety rights is of great significance to seed industry development. This paper took Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province as the research object, analyzed its connotation, characteristics and the particularity of its value evaluation,and explored the factors that affect the value of the wheat plant new variety right, constructd a value evaluation model suitable for wheat plant variety rights, further adoptd the income method to quantitatively evaluate the value of wheat varieties, and successfully guide the transfer of Huaimai 705. The results showed that this method was a scientific, reasonable, convenient and quick value evaluation method of new wheat varieties, it could provide a scientific and reasonable pricing method and basis for the trade of new wheat varieties, and it was of great significance to improve the successful conversion rate of new wheat seeds.

To identify the yield characteristics of Hemai 22, this study used the data of regional test and production test of water area group in the north of Huang-huai winter wheat area from 2015 to 2018, and the high yield, stability and wide adaptability of Hemai 22 were systematically analyzed and comprehensively evaluated by variance analysis, coefficient of variation, high stability coefficient, rate of yield-increasing point and degree of adaption. The results showed that in 2015 to 2016, the yield of Hemai 22 was slightly lower than that of the control variety Jimai 22, and the yield reduction was not significant. In 2016 to 2018, the yield of Hemai 22 was significantly higher than that of the control variety Jimai 22, showing better production performance. In 2015 to 2018,the yield coefficient of variation and high temperature coefficient of Hemai 22 were in the forefront of the tested varieties, and had good stability and high yield. The average fitness of Hemai 22 in 3 years was equivalent to that of Liangxing 99 and Jimai 22. Except for the low yield point rate of Hemai 22 in 2015 to 2016, the yield increase point rates in 2016 to 2018 reached 89.5% and 91.7%, respectively, indicating that it had good adaptability in multiple environments. The comprehensive analysis showed that Hemai 22 had high yield, stable yield, wide adaptability, multi-resistance, high quality and other excellent traits, and had high promotion and utilization potential in the northern ecological area of Huang-huai winter wheat region.

In order to objectively and fairly evaluate the fertility and adaptability of newly cultivated wheat varieties (lines) in the Jiaxing Area, this study conducted a regional trial of wheat varieties in Zhejiang Province from 2022 to 2023 at the Gutang Base of Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences. A total of 12 varieties were tested, with Yangmai 20 as the control variety. The results showed that the five varieties Jin 1558, Zhenongmai 3, Jiamai 191, Jiamai 208 and Zhemai 34 had good comprehensive performance, high yield, and good lodging resistance, which were suitable for promotion and planting in Jiaxing Area.

In order to clarify the grain filling characteristics of the new wheat variety Luomai 76 and provide a basis for the high-yield cultivation of this wheat variety, Luomai 76 and the control varieties Zhengmai 113 and Yanzhan 4110 were used as test materials, and the Logistic equation was used to fit the grain filling process, and the correlation between grain filling parameters and 1 000-grain weight was analyzed. Through the variety test data of Henan Province, the effects of the three factors on the yield of Luomai 76 were analyzed. The results showed that the 1 000-grain weight of the three varieties increased in an “S” shape, and the 1 000-grain weight of Luomai 76 reached 56.25 g, the maximum grain filling rate was 2.42 g·d^-1, and the average grain filling rate was 1.37 g·d^-1, all of which were better than those of the control varieties. The 1 000-grain weight, the number of spikes and the number of grains per spike had different effects on the increase of yield of Luomai 76, and the total effect showed as 1 000-grain weight>number of spikes>number of grains per spike. Therefore, in production practice, in addition to ensuring the effective number of spikes, it is also necessary to pay attention to stabilizing the number of grains per spike, taking measures to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer during the grain filling stage, and increasing the 1 000-grain weight, and futher achieve the coordinated improvement of the three factors, and futher achieve the high yield goal of Luomai 76.

In order to make good use of wheat germplasm resources and materials to further understand the relationship between yield and main traits of Xinmai series varieties, 11 main agronomic and quality traits of 27 Xinmai series wheat varieties were analyzed. The results showed that the variation range of quality traits was large, among which the coefficient of variation of stability time was the largest, the genetic variation degree of germplasm resources was high, and the genetic basis was richer, and there was a complex correlation between agronomic traits and quality traits, and there were 8 pairs of traits that were significantly or extremely significantly correlated, with 1 000-grain weight and yield being significantly positively correlated, protein and wet gluten and water absorption, protein and stabilization time being significantly positively correlated, and there was no obvious constraint relationship between yield and quality traits. According to agronomic traits and quality traits, the tested materials can be clustered into five groups, group Ⅱ can be used as the resource material for improving panicle characteristics in breeding, group Ⅲ can be used as dwarf straw lodging resistance and early maturing materials, and the varieties in group Ⅴ are all high-quality strong gluten varieties, which can be used as high-quality strong gluten and high-yield resources in breeding.

In order to investigate the effects of drought stress on the growth and physiological indexes of winter rye (Secale cereale L.), the hydroponic Russian winter rye BK01 was simulated by using 15% PEG 6000 (PEG-6000). The physiological indexes of leaves under different stress conditions were determined at 0 (CK), 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results showed that the contents of proline and malondialdehyde in winter rye leaves increased with the prolonging of stress time. The activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, soluble protein and soluble sugar increased first and then decreased. The relative water content showed a decreasing trend. This study will provide a new theoretical basis for the research progress of drought resistance of winter rye.

In order to objectively and fairly evaluate the characteristics of new cultivated barley varieties (lines), a comparative trial of Zhejiang barley varieties was conducted from 2022 to 2023 at Gutang Base of Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences. A total of 11 barley varieties were tested, including 2 control varieties (Hua 30 and Zhepi 11). The results showed that Zhepi 23 and Xiu1271 had good comprehensive performance, high yield and lodging resistance, and were suitable for spreading planting in Jiaxing Area.

Comparative analysis of 11 new barley varieties was conducted in Haining, Xiuzhou, Jiaxing, Pinghu, Cixi and Wenzhou within Zhejiang Province. The growth duration of Zhepi 25, 19-39 and Xiu 20-11 in Wenzhou was less than 130 d, so these varieties are suitable for local “barley-early rice-late rice” triple cropping system. The yield of Zhepi 23, Zhepi 28 and Zhepi 37 exceeded 5 500 kg·hm^-2 while maintaining relatively low plant height and short growth period, so it is promising to promote these varieties in the north of Zhejiang Province.

Yancheng Xinyang Agricultural Experimental Station undertook the 2022 National North (Huanghuaihai) Sweet Corn Group Consortium Regional Trial Test, identified the main agronomic traits of 14 sweet corn varieties, and used ANOVA and principal component analysis methods to comprehensively evaluate the yield, quality, economic benefits and other aspects. The results showed that fresh sweet corn varieties such as Hengbaitian 328, Jinguan 2054, Huangjincui 7 and Hengtian 302 were more suitable for planting in the coastal areas of Yancheng City, which provided a reference for breeders to cultivate fresh sweet corn suitable for planting in coastal areas.

The growth of 21 introduced potato varieties (lines) in Wenzhou was observed, and the preliminary growth evaluation was conducted to clarify the performance of potato introduction. Fixed samples were used to determine standard seedlings, and representative observation branches were randomly determined on standard seedlings to determine potato hardness and yield. The results showed that the 21 introduced potato varieties could grow normally in Wenzhou Area. Among them, Yushangshu 2 has good plant characteristics, the highest yield and good quality, which is suitable for promotion in Wenzhou Area. The growth period of colored potato Zhejiangshu 927 is suitable for Wenzhou farming system, with good characteristics, and can be promoted as the representative variety of colored potato in Wenzhou Area.

This experiment was conducted to understand the effects of different types of fertilizers, fertilizer ratios, and amount on the agronomic traits and yield of vegetable soybeans, further screening of suitable fertilizer types and optimization of fertilizer structure. The results showed that treatment 1 performed the best in terms of the quantity and quality of different types of bean kernels; From the three indicators of total pod number, total mass, and average pod mass, treatment 1 performed the best; There is no significant correlation between 100 grain weight and the number of branches, plant height and the number of branches, and 100 grain weight and the yield; Treatment 4, with a base fertilizer of 300 kg·hm^-2 (nitrogen phosphorus potassium ratio of N 20%, P₂O₅ 15%, K₂O 10%) and topdressing of 525 kg·hm^-2 (N 14%, P₂O₅ 4%, K₂O 22%), can achieve maximum yield; Treatment 5, Hanfeng (with a nitrogen phosphorus potassium ratio of N 22%, P₂O₅ 10%, K₂O 16%) can achieve maximum plant height by applying 600 kg·hm^-2 at once; Treatment 6, Haolegeng (nitrogen phosphorus potassium ratio of N 13%, P₂O₅ 6%, K₂O 8%) can achieve a maximum 100 grain weight by applying 1 020 kg·hm^-2 at once. The amount and ratio of fertilizers and fertilizers from different manufacturers will have a significant impact on the yield of vegetable soybean Zhexian 9.

In this paper, the growth period, yield and characteristics of fresh-eating autumn soybean variety Zhexian 86 planted in Longyou County were described, and the variety had high and stable yield, wide adaptability, excellent agronomic traits, good stress resistance and good quality. According to the cultivation experiment, it was concluded that the green high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology of Zhexian 86 was summarized as appropriate sowing, appropriate thinning planting, increasing nitrogen fertilizer, managing water and diseases, insects and weeds, spraying growth regulators, boron and molybdenum fertilizers, and timely harvesting, etc., which provided reference and basis for large-scale production in the future.

Xueyu 3 is a new edible peanut variety bred by sexual hybridization system with Huayu 51 as the female parent and PN18 as the male parent. Xueyu 3 has a growth period of 116 d, an upright plant type, a main stem height of 58.05 cm, a lateral branch length of 63.38 cm, a single plant with 17.73 pods, 8.19 fruiting branches, and a total of 9.60 branches. Leaf color is medium green, elliptic, and leaf size is medium; The pods are of ordinary shape, with a weak and distinct fruit mouth. The surface texture of the pods is medium, and there is no degree of constriction; The full fruit rate is 81.46%; The weight of a hundred fruits is 160.11 g, with cylindrical kernels, white seed coat, and white inner seed coat. The weight of a hundred kernels is 82.69 g, and the kernel yield is 73.59%; The content of oleic acid is 48.7%, the content of linoleic acid is 30.6%,the content of protein is 20.1%, the content of crude fat is 53.4%. The taste is sweet and glutinous, and the 667 m² yield of fresh pods is about 550 kg.

Zheheitian No. 1 is a new high oleic acid edible black peanut variety, which was bred by sexual hybridization with Huayu No. 51 as the female parent and Yunnan Silihei as the male parent in the Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. This variety has the outstanding characteristics of high and stable yield, good early maturity, strong disease resistance, black seed coat and slightly sweet taste.The average yield of pod and seed was 3 892.95 kg·hm^-2 and 2 817.3 kg·hm^-2, respectively, which were 30.37% and 36.27% higher than that of control variety Xiaojingsheng for two consecutive years from 2020 to 2021. Zheheitian No. 1 has protein content of 27.1%, oil content of 45.8%, of which 76.9% is oleic acid content, and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid (O/L) is 12.05. Zheheitian No. 1 is resistant to leaf spot and bacterial wilt, and medium resistance to rust. The variety passed the national non-major crop variety registration in December 2023, and is suitable for spring and summer planting in Zhejiang areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ecological zone.

In order to explore the adaptability of biodegradable film in the application of Xiaojingsheng peanut, two colors of black and white, biodegradable films with different thicknesses were selected, and ordinary plastic film was used as the control, and a randomized block experiment was carried out. The results showed that there was a significant difference in seedling emergence rate between A1 and A3 and A4 in the early stage, but there was no significant difference in the later treatment. There was no significant difference in podding rate and yield of peanut under the mulching of black and white biodegradable film of different thicknesses and ordinary film. However, the biodegradable film can be degraded naturally, without collecting residual film, saving labor, reducing soil and environmental pollution, and can be used as a substitute for ordinary plastic film in the production of Xiaojingsheng.

In order to explore the appropriate number of retained leaves of Zhongchuan 208 plant in the tobacco region of southern Anhui, in this study, we investigated the field growth appearance, economic characters, appearance and inner quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves of Zhongchuan 208 treated with different number of remained leaves. The results showed that with the number of remained leaves increased, the top leaves decreased, the contents of nicotine, total sugar and starch in central tobacco leaves tended to decrease, while the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine tended to increase; and the contents of nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine in the upper tobacco leaves decreased, while the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and starch increased. When the number of remained leaves of Zhongchuan 208 was 16-18, the comprehensive economic character was higher, the appearance and sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco was better. In general, the suitable number of remained leaves of Zhongchuan 208 plant in the southern Anhui tobacco area was 16-18.

Under the historical background of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, the development of smart tobacco agriculture is an inherent requirement of modern tobacco agriculture, and it is also an inevitable trend and correct choice to realize the modernization of my country's agriculture. As the key technology for the development of smart tobacco agriculture, artificial intelligence technology has great potential in the field of tobacco agriculture. Therefore, this paper summarizes the application status of artificial intelligence technology, especially target detection technology, image recognition technology, and intelligent control technology, based on the connotation of smart tobacco agriculture development, and selects the four key links of tobacco leaf production: seedling raising, planting, curing, and grading. On this basis, the restrictive factors of the development of artificial intelligence technology are analyzed, and the future development trends, research hotspots and technological breakthroughs are prospected from the perspective of industrial application, in order to provide ideas and reference for the intelligent development of tobacco agriculture.

In this study, seven new barley varieties (lines) bred in recent years were used as materials, and the correlation between grain and malt quality traits and key indicators was analyzed. The results showed that there were great differences among the index varieties of the tested materials. The grain quality index of Zhepi No. 19 has reached the excellent grade of the national standard. The α-amino nitrogen and saccharogenic power of 7 varieties (lines) reached the excellent grade of the industry standard. The results of correlation analysis showed that the leaching rate was significantly positively correlated with brittleness, the α-amino nitrogen was significantly positively correlated with the Kolbach value, and the viscosity was negatively correlated with the brittleness.

As one of the main food crops in China, rice plays a significant role in national food security and social development. As a category of rice, japonica rice has a good appearance and taste, and is widely favored by consumers. Excluding the indica rice planting areas, the japonica rice planting areas in China can be divided into northeast planting area, northwest planting area, Huanghuai planting area, southwest planting area, and south China planting area. Due to factors such as different geographical locations and climatic environments, there are significant differences in the quality of japonica rice in different planting regions. This article mainly summarizes the quality characteristics of different japonica rice varieties in various planting areas, providing reference for future japonica rice breeding work.

Rice bacterial leaf blight is an important disease in the process of rice production, though we have done a lot of work in the prevention and control of this disease, but since 2015, the disease has been on the rise, especially after 2019, the occurrence area of rice bacterial leaf blight in Qujiang District has shown a multi-point and explosive growth, especially for single-season late rice and continuous cropping late rice, which poses a serious threat to rice production in our region. In this paper, we drew on the theory of “traditional Chinese medicine to treat diseases” and explored the use of the “3+X” model to prevent and control rice bacterial leaf blight. The results showed that compared with the conventional control methods, the early preventive treatment with 20% thiazolezinc in the key link of rice planting could not only effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases, delay the expansion rate of diseases in the field, but also improve the growth function of rice plants, and the crop safety was good. The prevention and control effect of this model reached more than 85%, and the yield increased by more than 10% compared with the conventional control area.

The extracts of absolute ethyl alcohol from star anise (Illicium verum) powder were obtained by soxhlet extractor method, and effects of the extracts on repellency, contact toxicity and fumigation activity of brown planthopper (BPH) were detected. The results showed that the number of BPH chose to feed and lay eggs on rice treated with extracts of star anise decreased significantly compared with control rice(P<0.01), and the number of eggs on star anise extracts treated rice plants was only 36.11% of that of control rice, oviposition deterrent rate reach to 46.94%; the antifeeding rate ranged from 35.38%-66.78% in 48 h. Extracts of star anise showed not very strong fumigation activity to BPH, the mean corrected mortality rates at 24 h and 48 h were 9.62% and 13.98%, respectively. Probability value method was used to determine the contact toxicity of star anise extracts against brown planthopper nymphs, the half lethal concentrations (LC₅₀) were 7.04 and 4.69 mg·mL^-1. It was showed that there are some active substances in star anise for behavior regulation and insecticidal activity of BPH, which has potential value for the prevention and control of BPH in field.

This experiment aims to explore the growth performance, slaughter performance and muscle quality of Shaoxing ducks under grassland-pond conditions. A total of 102 18-day-old Shaoxing ducks came from the same batch in the experiment were randomly divided into 3 groups, which were cultured in grassland and pond environment for 42 days, and the growth performance, slaughter performance and muscle quality were evaluated. The results showed that after 42 days of co-rearing in grassland-pond conditions, the body weight of Shaoxing ducks at 60-day-old was 1 256.75 g, the average daily gain was 25.13 g, and the slaughter rate was 86.91%. Breast muscle percentage was 6.25%, intermuscular fat content was 1.46%, inosinic acid content was 1.21 mg·kg^-1. Leg muscle percentage was 13.90%, intermuscular fat content was 1.96%, inosinic acid content was 1.37 mg·kg^-1. A total of 11 aliphatic acids were detected in breast muscle and leg muscle, including 3 essential fatty acids. The results indicated that Shaoxing ducks in grassland-pond conditions had good growth traits, better slaughter performance, and relatively rich fatty acid content in muscle. The water environment was benificial to the breast muscle growth of Shaoxing ducks, and the grassland-pond conditions could be an excellent breeding condition for Shaoxing ducks.

In this study, 15 key alfalfa varieties that widely cultivated in home and abroad were taken as the research object, and their adaptability were evaluated in the central region of Inner Mongolia. The aim of this study was to screen alfalfa varieties with excellent comprehensive traits that suitable for irrigation conditions in the central region of Inner Mongolia through grey-relation comprehensive evaluation. The results shown that Juneng No.401, Plato and Caoyuan No.2 were preferred alfalfa varieties in this area which had higher comprehensive ranking under both equal-weighted and weighted correlation. The performance of Spyder and Longdong was the worst and was not suitable for planting in the region.

The article took 26 mountainous counties in Zhejiang Province as an example to explore the advantages and conditions of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model for comprehensive land improvement, as well as its performance evaluation methods. The PPP model for comprehensive land consolidation could effectively alleviate the financial pressure on local governments. This article analyzed the natural and economic environment of 26 mountainous counties in Zhejiang Province and discussed the potential of using the PPP model for comprehensive land consolidation. Meanwhile, in order to achieve scientific evaluation of land comprehensive improvement PPP projects, the article proposed suggestions based on the existing problems in performance evaluation, providing reference for project evaluation and operational adjustment.