Establishment of an analytical method for carotenoids in Rhododendron molle petals using UPLC

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240455

Abstract

Abstract:

Rhododendron molle is an important yellow-flowered ornamental species within the genus Rhododendron. In order to optimize the extraction method for its carotenoids and establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis system for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 4 major carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, α-carotene, and β-carotene) in the petals. The results showed that good extraction efficiency was achieved using acetone as the extractant, followed by unsaponification treatment and ultrasound-assisted extraction for 30 min under dark conditions. For the analysis, effective separation of carotenoids was accomplished within 6 min using an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column with an isocratic elution of acetonitrile-methanol (volume ratio of 9∶1) as the mobile phase, a flow rate of 0.4 mL·min^-1, a detection wavelength of 465 nm, a column temperature of 27.5 ℃, and an injection volume of 2 μL. Further analysis revealed that the change in β-carotene content was consistent with the variation in petal color, indicating that β-carotene might be the key pigment component determining the flower color of R. molle. The results of this study provide an important material basis for further elucidating the molecular regulatory mechanism of flower color formation in R. molle and also provide technical references for flower color breeding in Rhododendron.

Key words: ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), Rhododendron molle, carotenoid, β-carotene

CLC Number:

S685.21

MENG Yu, HU Guowei, ZOU Rongxian, TENG Xinlei, TAO Chubing, XIAO Zheng, ZHAO Hongbo. Establishment of an analytical method for carotenoids in Rhododendron molle petals using UPLC[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(12): 3019-3025.

Figures/Tables 7

References 26

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物质	回归方程	线性范围/ (μg·mL^-1)	决定系数	检出限/ (μg·mL^-1)
叶黄素	y=8 952.5x-13 348.0	0.5~250	0.999 8	0.084
玉米黄质	y=7 433.1x-2 052.4	0.1~1 000	0.999 6	0.029
α-胡萝卜素	y=8 183.2x+5 554.7	0.5~500	0.999 9	0.073
β-胡萝卜素	y=9 079.5x+33 665.0	0.5~250	0.999 7	0.021

物质	回归方程	线性范围/ (μg·mL^-1)	决定系数	检出限/ (μg·mL^-1)
叶黄素	y=8 952.5x-13 348.0	0.5~250	0.999 8	0.084
玉米黄质	y=7 433.1x-2 052.4	0.1~1 000	0.999 6	0.029
α-胡萝卜素	y=8 183.2x+5 554.7	0.5~500	0.999 9	0.073
β-胡萝卜素	y=9 079.5x+33 665.0	0.5~250	0.999 7	0.021

时期	叶黄素含量	玉米黄质含量	α-胡萝卜素含量	β-胡萝卜素含量
花蕾期(S1)	293.19±7.72 a	449.13±7.54 a	373.37±6.76 a	322.59±5.34 e
膨大期(S2)	284.74±4.97 b	380.69±6.57 b	268.17±4.18 e	481.35±8.51 c
初花期(S3)	281.05±5.46 b	356.89±5.23 c	317.78±5.07 d	663.92±9.14 b
盛花期(S4)	267.30±8.16 d	295.83±4.95 e	338.43±3.36 c	472.43±6.23 d
末花期(S5)	275.13±6.95 c	322.54±6.82 d	369.14±6.13 b	1 079.24±14.04 a

时期	叶黄素含量	玉米黄质含量	α-胡萝卜素含量	β-胡萝卜素含量
花蕾期(S1)	293.19±7.72 a	449.13±7.54 a	373.37±6.76 a	322.59±5.34 e
膨大期(S2)	284.74±4.97 b	380.69±6.57 b	268.17±4.18 e	481.35±8.51 c
初花期(S3)	281.05±5.46 b	356.89±5.23 c	317.78±5.07 d	663.92±9.14 b
盛花期(S4)	267.30±8.16 d	295.83±4.95 e	338.43±3.36 c	472.43±6.23 d
末花期(S5)	275.13±6.95 c	322.54±6.82 d	369.14±6.13 b	1 079.24±14.04 a