Abstract:

The ex-situ symbiosis of rice and turtle is a new integrated rice-turtle farming model, which has advantages such as “small area proportion, easy farming and management, high survival and recovery rate, and good comprehensive benefits”. It is called the “Tonglu Model” because it was first promoted on a large scale in Tonglu County, Zhejiang Province, and achieved remarkable results. This paper systematically expounds the core points of this technology, including key technologies such as the optimization of environmental conditions, the construction of field engineering, the refined management of rice planting, the standardized breeding of Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the recycling treatment of tail water. Results showed that scienjpgic environmental selection and field engineering design are the foundation of technology implementation. The collaborative management of rice and turtles (such as fertilizing fields with Chinese soft-shelled turtle manure) can significantly reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, lower agricultural non-point source pollution, enhance soil fertility and biodiversity, and form an ecological cycle system of “mutual benefit between planting and breeding”. Empirical analysis showed that this model can increase land utilization rate by 15% to 20%, raise the added value of rice and turtle products by more than 50%, and achieve a comprehensive income of over 10 000 yuan per 667 m². At present, Tonglu County has promoted and demonstrated an area of 848.33 hm², achieving synergy among the economy, ecology and society, and providing a replicable practical model for the green transformation of agriculture. The results can provide important references for the standardized promotion of the rice-turtle ex-situ symbiosis technology and the sustainable development of agriculture.

Key words: rice and turtle, Tonglu Model, ex-situ symbiosis, key technology