Abstract:

Variety traits can affect the mechanized harvesting effect of vegetable peel soybeans, but the key traits causing the impact remain unclear. This study determined the agronomic traits (growth period, plant height, bottom pod height, etc.) and harvesting effect indicators (stem retention rate, scattering rate, damage rate, wire drawing rate, etc.) of 20 vegetable peel soybean varieties/strains, and conducted Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that the main traits affecting the mechanized harvesting effect of vegetable peel soybeans include bottom pod height, pod distribution, pod maturity, and pod length etc. Based on the above results and combined with production experience, it was speculated that the toughness of pod vegetable peel, the firmness of pod attachment, and the toughness of pod edge fibers were also important traits affecting mechanized harvesting effect. Therefore, it was necessary to pay attention to the above traits and improve them in the breeding of vegetable soybean for mechanized harvesting. This study clarified the breeding direction of vegetable peel soybean varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting, which could make breeding work more targeted and accelerate the breeding process, and was of great significance for the sustainable development of the vegetable soybean industry.

Key words: vegetable soybean, mechanized harvesting, bottom pod height, pod distribution, pod maturity