海藻肥对枇杷幼苗养分吸收及转运的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230520

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究海藻肥对枇杷幼苗养分吸收及转运的影响,以大五星枇杷幼苗为材料,研究叶面喷施不同稀释倍数的海藻肥对枇杷幼苗氮、磷和钾养分吸收及转运的影响。叶面喷施不同浓度海藻肥均增加了枇杷幼苗根、茎、叶和地上部分的生物量及全氮、全磷和全钾含量,且随海藻肥稀释倍数的增加呈先增后降的趋势。喷施海藻肥提高了枇杷幼苗各部位氮、磷、钾的吸收量、转运量、转运效率和转运贡献率,且均以650倍稀释液海藻肥处理效果最佳。不同浓度的海藻肥可增加枇杷幼苗地上部分的氮收获指数和根系的磷收获指数。此外,喷施海藻肥后土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量提高,土壤pH值降低。相关性分析表明,枇杷幼苗各部分生物量及全氮、全磷、全钾含量和土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量之间均呈显著正相关关系。喷施海藻肥能促进枇杷幼苗对氮、磷和钾的吸收和转运,以650倍稀释倍数为最佳浓度。

关键词: 海藻肥, 枇杷幼苗, 养分吸收转运

Abstract:

To explore the effect of seaweed fertilizer on nutrient uptake and transport in loquat seedlings, this study investigated the effects of different dilution ratios of seaweed fertilizer on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake and transport. The biomass, total N, total P and total K contents in the roots, stems, leaves and aboveground parts of loquat seedlings were increased by spraying different concentrations of seaweed fertilizer,and the contents of them first increased and then decreased with increasing seaweed fertilizer dilution ratio.The application of seaweed fertilizer improved the uptake, transfer volume, transfer efficiency and transfer contribution rate for N, P and K in each part of the loquat seedlings and the 650 times diluted seaweed fertilizer showed optimal results.Furthermore, different concentrations of seaweed fertilizers increased N harvest index in the aboveground parts of loquat seedlings and P harvest index in the roots of loquat seedlings. In addition, soil alkali-hydrolysed N,available P and available K contents increased and soil pH value decreased after spraying seaweed fertilizer.Correlation analysis revealed significantly positive correlations between loquat seedlings biomass and total N, P and K contents with soil alkali-hydrolysed N, available P and available K contents.The uptake and transport of N, P and K in loquat seedlings were enhanced by spraying seaweed fertilizer, the optimum concentration being 650 times dilution.

Key words: seaweed fertilizer, loquat seedlings, nutrient uptake and transport

中图分类号:

S158.3

陈铭敏, 黄泳, 马巧莉, 徐雅欣, 林立金, 张慧芬, 谢静, 邓群仙. 海藻肥对枇杷幼苗养分吸收及转运的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(3): 600-607.

CHEN Mingmin, HUANG Yong, MA Qiaoli, XU Yaxin, LIN Lijin, ZHANG Huifen, XIE Jing, DENG Qunxian. Effects of seaweed fertilizer on nutrient uptake and transport in loquat seedlings[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(3): 600-607.

图/表 6

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海藻肥稀释倍数	单株生物量/g				根冠比
海藻肥稀释倍数	根系	茎秆	叶片	地上部分	根冠比
0	0.48±0.02 c	0.76±0.03 c	0.85±0.06 c	1.61±0.07 d	0.57±0.05 ab
450	0.56±0.03 b	0.89±0.07 b	0.94±0.07 c	1.83±0.13 c	0.60±0.03 a
650	0.65±0.04 a	1.06±0.07 a	1.29±0.05 a	2.36±0.12 a	0.51±0.04 b
850	0.64±0.03 a	0.90±0.04 b	1.16±0.04 b	2.06±0.07 b	0.55±0.01 ab
1 050	0.59±0.03 ab	0.89±0.04 b	0.94±0.07 c	1.83±0.08 c	0.63±0.07 a

海藻肥稀释倍数	单株生物量/g				根冠比
海藻肥稀释倍数	根系	茎秆	叶片	地上部分	根冠比
0	0.48±0.02 c	0.76±0.03 c	0.85±0.06 c	1.61±0.07 d	0.57±0.05 ab
450	0.56±0.03 b	0.89±0.07 b	0.94±0.07 c	1.83±0.13 c	0.60±0.03 a
650	0.65±0.04 a	1.06±0.07 a	1.29±0.05 a	2.36±0.12 a	0.51±0.04 b
850	0.64±0.03 a	0.90±0.04 b	1.16±0.04 b	2.06±0.07 b	0.55±0.01 ab
1 050	0.59±0.03 ab	0.89±0.04 b	0.94±0.07 c	1.83±0.08 c	0.63±0.07 a

组织	海藻肥稀释倍数	全氮含量/ (mg·g^-1)	单株氮吸收量/mg	单株氮转运量/mg	氮转运效率/%	氮转运贡献率/%	氮收获指数/%
根系	0	5.59±0.06 d	2.67±0.16 d	0.52±0.14 d	23.95±6.27 d	19.18±4.02 d	21.01±0.41 ab
	450	6.11±0.37 d	3.41±0.20 c	1.26±0.18 c	58.28±8.02 c	36.71±3.15 c	18.62±0.25 bc
	650	8.55±0.28 a	5.57±0.48 a	3.41±0.46 a	158.31±19.32 a	61.14±3.02 a	16.58±1.61 c
	850	7.83±0.35 b	4.99±0.41 a	2.84±0.38 a	131.70±15.89 a	56.71±2.88 a	19.17±1.14 b
	1 050	7.01±0.33 c	4.14±0.37 b	1.98±0.39 b	92.06±18.71 b	47.59±5.32 b	22.55±2.08 a
茎秆	0	3.74±0.14 d	2.85±0.20 d	0.34±0.14 d	13.68±5.32 d	11.90±4.21 d	22.47±2.44 bc
	450	6.05±0.15 b	5.39±0.27 b	2.89±0.37 b	115.79±18.60 b	53.42±4.19 b	29.44±0.41 a
	650	7.69±0.20 a	8.17±0.30 a	5.66±0.32 a	226.49±16.90 a	69.32±1.57 a	24.29±0.03 b
	850	6.24±0.32 b	5.63±0.38 b	3.13±0.40 b	125.33±18.17 b	55.43±3.46 b	21.66±1.55 bc
	1 050	4.33±0.26 c	3.85±0.14 c	1.35±0.10 c	53.85±4.54 c	34.96±1.89 c	21.01±1.23 c
叶片	0	8.51±0.75 d	7.19±0.55 d	0.75±0.53 d	11.58±8.14 d	10.06±6.64 d	56.52±2.09 a
	450	10.13±0.44 c	9.51±0.36 c	3.07±0.35 c	47.62±5.69 c	32.19±2.67 c	51.94±0.53 b
	650	15.39±0.55 a	19.88±1.10 a	13.44±1.20 a	208.94±22.23 a	67.52±2.38 a	59.13±1.63 a
	850	13.34±1.07 b	15.41±1.02 b	8.97±0.98 b	139.24±14.84 b	58.09±2.64 b	59.17±2.53 a
	1 050	11.02±0.15 c	10.36±0.74 c	3.91±0.86 c	60.98±14.68 c	37.54±5.57 c	56.44±3.04 a
地上部分	0	6.25±0.36 d	10.03±0.35 d	1.09±0.44 d	12.23±4.98 d	10.78±4.03 d	78.99±0.41 bc
	450	8.14±0.27 c	14.90±0.62 c	5.95±0.72 c	66.64±8.90 c	39.87±3.30 c	81.38±0.25 ab
	650	11.91±0.28 a	28.04±1.37 a	19.10±1.45 a	213.75±19.08 a	68.05±1.93 ab	83.42±1.61 a
	850	10.23±0.65 b	21.04±0.89 b	12.10±1.00 b	135.42±13.17 b	57.43±2.46 a	80.83±1.14 b
	1 050	7.76±0.11 c	14.21±0.60 c	5.26±0.79 cd	58.97±10.09 b	36.93±3.99 c	77.45±2.08 c

组织	海藻肥稀释倍数	全氮含量/ (mg·g^-1)	单株氮吸收量/mg	单株氮转运量/mg	氮转运效率/%	氮转运贡献率/%	氮收获指数/%
根系	0	5.59±0.06 d	2.67±0.16 d	0.52±0.14 d	23.95±6.27 d	19.18±4.02 d	21.01±0.41 ab
	450	6.11±0.37 d	3.41±0.20 c	1.26±0.18 c	58.28±8.02 c	36.71±3.15 c	18.62±0.25 bc
	650	8.55±0.28 a	5.57±0.48 a	3.41±0.46 a	158.31±19.32 a	61.14±3.02 a	16.58±1.61 c
	850	7.83±0.35 b	4.99±0.41 a	2.84±0.38 a	131.70±15.89 a	56.71±2.88 a	19.17±1.14 b
	1 050	7.01±0.33 c	4.14±0.37 b	1.98±0.39 b	92.06±18.71 b	47.59±5.32 b	22.55±2.08 a
茎秆	0	3.74±0.14 d	2.85±0.20 d	0.34±0.14 d	13.68±5.32 d	11.90±4.21 d	22.47±2.44 bc
	450	6.05±0.15 b	5.39±0.27 b	2.89±0.37 b	115.79±18.60 b	53.42±4.19 b	29.44±0.41 a
	650	7.69±0.20 a	8.17±0.30 a	5.66±0.32 a	226.49±16.90 a	69.32±1.57 a	24.29±0.03 b
	850	6.24±0.32 b	5.63±0.38 b	3.13±0.40 b	125.33±18.17 b	55.43±3.46 b	21.66±1.55 bc
	1 050	4.33±0.26 c	3.85±0.14 c	1.35±0.10 c	53.85±4.54 c	34.96±1.89 c	21.01±1.23 c
叶片	0	8.51±0.75 d	7.19±0.55 d	0.75±0.53 d	11.58±8.14 d	10.06±6.64 d	56.52±2.09 a
	450	10.13±0.44 c	9.51±0.36 c	3.07±0.35 c	47.62±5.69 c	32.19±2.67 c	51.94±0.53 b
	650	15.39±0.55 a	19.88±1.10 a	13.44±1.20 a	208.94±22.23 a	67.52±2.38 a	59.13±1.63 a
	850	13.34±1.07 b	15.41±1.02 b	8.97±0.98 b	139.24±14.84 b	58.09±2.64 b	59.17±2.53 a
	1 050	11.02±0.15 c	10.36±0.74 c	3.91±0.86 c	60.98±14.68 c	37.54±5.57 c	56.44±3.04 a
地上部分	0	6.25±0.36 d	10.03±0.35 d	1.09±0.44 d	12.23±4.98 d	10.78±4.03 d	78.99±0.41 bc
	450	8.14±0.27 c	14.90±0.62 c	5.95±0.72 c	66.64±8.90 c	39.87±3.30 c	81.38±0.25 ab
	650	11.91±0.28 a	28.04±1.37 a	19.10±1.45 a	213.75±19.08 a	68.05±1.93 ab	83.42±1.61 a
	850	10.23±0.65 b	21.04±0.89 b	12.10±1.00 b	135.42±13.17 b	57.43±2.46 a	80.83±1.14 b
	1 050	7.76±0.11 c	14.21±0.60 c	5.26±0.79 cd	58.97±10.09 b	36.93±3.99 c	77.45±2.08 c

组织	海藻肥稀释倍数	全磷含量/ (mg·g^-1)	单株磷吸收量/mg	单株磷转运量/mg	磷转运效率/%	磷转运贡献率/%	磷收获指数/%
根系	0	1.77±0.08 d	0.84±0.01 d	0.33±0.03 d	63.59±9.92 d	38.72±3.67 d	16.47±0.99 b
	450	2.22±0.06 c	1.24±0.07 c	0.72±0.07 c	141.00±21.32 c	58.30±3.54 c	19.23±0.85 ab
	650	2.91±0.10 a	1.89±0.09 a	1.38±0.09 a	268.20±30.80 a	72.20±2.18 a	17.81±0.64 ab
	850	2.53±0.09 b	1.61±0.14 b	1.09±0.10 b	211.89±4.85 b	67.93±0.50 ab	18.96±1.38 ab
	1 050	2.45±0.13 b	1.45±0.13 b	0.93±0.17 b	182.20±45.85 bc	63.96±5.69 bc	20.44±2.35 a
茎秆	0	2.78±0.09 c	2.11±0.10 c	0.68±0.07 c	47.86±6.23 c	32.29±2.84 c	41.27±1.36 a
	450	2.81±0.12 c	2.51±0.28 b	1.08±0.35 b	76.64±28.87 bc	42.40±9.14 b	38.82±1.30 ab
	650	3.83±0.09 a	4.07±0.16 a	2.64±0.14 a	185.14±13.72 a	64.87±1.73 a	38.29±0.83 b
	850	3.14±0.12 b	2.83±0.02 b	1.40±0.06 b	98.47±9.14 b	49.54±2.32 b	33.37±0.56 c
	1 050	3.03±0.08 b	2.70±0.18 b	1.27±0.12 b	88.64±6.72 b	46.94±1.85 b	38.06±1.96 b
叶片	0	2.56±0.07 d	2.17±0.19 d	0.63±0.13 d	41.03±8.37 b	28.93±4.22 c	42.26±2.01 b
	450	2.88±0.05 c	2.71±0.22 c	1.17±0.32 c	77.63±26.11 b	42.82±8.99 b	41.95±0.51 b
	650	3.61±0.06 a	4.67±0.15 a	3.13±0.29 a	205.77±38.26 a	66.97±3.97 a	43.90±0.20 b
	850	3.50±0.14 a	4.05±0.10 b	2.51±0.20 b	164.72±27.41 a	61.95±3.98 a	47.67±1.30 a
	1 050	3.13±0.13 b	2.94±0.17 c	1.40±0.31 c	92.99±29.27 b	47.43±7.50 b	41.50±1.50 b
地上部分	0	2.66±0.07 d	4.28±0.25 d	1.31±0.18 c	44.27±6.51 c	30.59±3.06 c	83.53±0.99 a
	450	2.85±0.08 d	5.22±0.49 c	2.25±0.62 bc	76.78±24.20 bc	42.67±8.40 ab	80.77±0.85 ab
	650	3.71±0.07 a	8.74±0.29 a	5.77±0.43 a	195.44±25.11 a	65.99±2.86 a	82.19±0.64 ab
	850	3.34±0.13 b	6.88±0.08 b	3.91±0.25 ab	132.45±15.87 ab	56.84±3.05 ab	81.04±1.38 ab
	1 050	3.08±0.10 c	5.64±0.30 c	2.67±0.40 bc	90.60±17.88 bc	47.24±4.73 ab	79.56±2.35 b