浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 1342-1348.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20260244

• 杨梅产业高质量发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州5份矮杨梅果实品质综合评价

解璞1(), 晏霜1,2, 王红林1,3, 郑乾明1,3()   

  1. 1.贵州省农业科学院 贵州省果树科学研究所，贵州 贵阳 550006
    2.贵州省农业科学院 贵州省特色园艺作物分子育种全省重点实验室，贵州 贵阳 550006
    3.贵州省农业科学院 农业农村部喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室，贵州 贵阳 550006
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-01 出版日期:2026-06-11 发布日期:2026-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 郑乾明
  • 作者简介:郑乾明，E-mail：zqm851015@163.com。
    解璞，研究方向为果实品质指标分析。E-mail：gyxp@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省农业科学院种质资源项目(黔农科种质资源〔2023〕05号);贵州省特色园艺作物分子育种全省重点实验室(黔科合平台ZSYS〔2025〕027)

Comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality of five Morella nana samples from Guizhou

XIE Pu1(), YAN Shuang1,2, WANG Honglin1,3, ZHENG Qianming1,3()   

  1. 1.Guizhou Institute of Pomology Science，Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Guiyang 550006，Guizhou
    2.Guizhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Characteristic Horticultural Crops，Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Guiyang 550006，Guizhou
    3.Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Karst Region，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Guiyang 550006，Guizhou
  • Received:2026-04-01 Online:2026-06-11 Published:2026-06-12
  • Contact: ZHENG Qianming

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摘要：

为评价贵州矮杨梅资源的果实性状，以采集的5份自然状态下的矮杨梅样品果实为材料，对单果重、纵横径、果形指数、可食率、色泽，及可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖、可滴定酸、总酚、黄酮、花青素和维生素C含量等指标进行测定和比较。结果显示：矮杨梅单果重3.30～5.57 g，可食率75.05%～77.93%，均显著（p<0.05）低于对照（火炭和荸荠）；果实花青素含量仅1.81～18.79 mg?kg-1，显著低于对照；明度（L*）和黄蓝值（b*）显著大于对照；可溶性固形物含量为6.48%～8.52%，可溶性总糖含量为1.23%～2.27%，显著低于对照；可滴定酸含量为4.31%～5.63%，总酚含量为9.42～11.17 mg?g-1，显著高于对照；黄酮含量为0.63～0.93 mg?g-1，仅1份样品显著高于对照。果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量分别为0.99～2.42 mg?g-1、1.08～2.24 mg?g-1、2.32～5.92 mg?g-1，均显著低于对照；柠檬酸、苹果酸和维生素C含量分别为30.68～40.55 mg?g-1、1.96～3.47 mg?g-1、0.15～0.24 mg?g-1，均显著高于对照。因此，自然状态下的矮杨梅果实最大特点是低糖、低花青素和高柠檬酸。本研究初步揭示了矮杨梅果实的品质特点，为后期筛选优良株系和开发功能性食品提供理论依据。

关键词: 矮杨梅果实, 单果重, 可食率, 可溶性固形物, 可滴定酸

Abstract:

To evaluate fruit characteristics of the Morella nana resources in Guizhou，five fruit samples from the natural state were used as materials，and indicators such as single fruit weight，longitudinal and transverse diameters，fruit shape index，edible rate，color，and contents of soluble solids，total soluble sugar，titratable acid，total phenols，flavonoids，anthocyanins and vitamin C were measured and compared. The results showed that the single fruit weight of Morella nana was 3.30-5.57 g，and the edible rate was 75.05%-77.93%，both of which were significantly（p<0.05）lower than those of control（Huotan and Biqi）；the anthocyanin content of the fruits was only 1.81-18.79 mg?kg-1，which was significantly lower than that of control，and the lightness value（L*）and yellow and blue value（b*）of color were significantly higher than those of control；the soluble solid content was 6.48%-8.52%，and the total soluble sugar content was 1.23%-2.27%，both of which were significantly lower than those of control；the titratable acid content was 4.31%-5.63%，and the the total phenol content was 9.42-11.17 mg?g-1，both of which were significantly higher than those of the control；the flavonoid content was 0.63-0.93 mg?g-1，with only one sample being significantly higher than control. The contents of fructose，glucose and sucrose contents were 0.99-2.42 mg?g-1，1.08-2.24 mg?g-1，and 2.32-5.92 mg?g-1，respectively，all of which were significantly lower than those of control；the contents of citric acid，malic acid and vitamin C contents were 30.68-40.55 mg?g-1，1.96-3.47 mg?g-1，and 0.15-0.24 mg?g-1，respectively，all of which were significantly higher than those of control. Therefore，the main characteristics of Morella nana fruits in the natural state are low sugar，low anthocyanin and high citric acid content. This study preliminarily reveals the fruit quality characteristics of Morella nana and provides a theoretical basis for the later selection of excellent strains and the development of functional foods.

Key words: Morella nana fruit, single fruit weight, edible rate, soluble solids, titratable acid

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