浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (7): 1612-1618.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250485

• 禾谷类作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻品种与水肥农艺措施组合对稻米产量和品质的影响

姜徐雨轩1,2,3(), 张鋆鹏1,2, 倪迪安3, 孙会峰2,4,5, 张继宁2,4,5, 王从2,4,5, 蒋铮2,4,5, 张鲜鲜2,4,5(), 周胜2,4,5   

  1. 1.生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心,北京 100012
    2.上海市农业科学院 生态环境保护研究所,上海 201403
    3.上海应用技术大学,上海 201418
    4.农业农村部东南沿海农业绿色低碳重点实验室,上海 201403
    5.上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心,上海 201403
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-08 出版日期:2026-07-11 发布日期:2026-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 张鲜鲜
  • 作者简介:张鲜鲜,E-mail:zhangxianxian@saas.sh.cn
    姜徐雨轩,主要从事温室气体减排研究。E-mail:m18957037360@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市农业科技创新项目(K2023017);生态环境部土壤中心双碳课题(202408)

Influence of rice variety and water-fertilizer management combination on rice yield and quality

JIANG-XU Yuxuan1,2,3(), ZHANG Junpeng1,2, NI Di'an3, SUN Huifeng2,4,5, ZHANG Jining2,4,5, WANG Cong2,4,5, JIANG Zheng2,4,5, ZHANG Xianxian2,4,5(), ZHOU Sheng2,4,5   

  1. 1.Technical Centre for Soil,Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100012
    2.Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403
    3.Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418
    4.Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201403
    5.Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-Carbon Agriculture,Shanghai 201403
  • Received:2025-07-08 Online:2026-07-11 Published:2026-07-27
  • Contact: ZHANG Xianxian

摘要:

为探讨不同农艺措施组合对稻米产量和品质的综合影响,本研究采用水稻品种、节水灌溉及肥料管理等多因素随机区组试验,以节水抗旱稻和常规水稻为试材,设置常规淹灌和节水灌溉两种灌溉方式,结合有机肥施用,研究不同组合下稻米的产量和品质。结果表明,节水抗旱稻在节水灌溉条件下的产量与常规水稻常规淹灌(秸秆还田结合氮肥施用)相当;同时明显提高了稻米的加工品质,如糙米率、精米率和整精米率;但对稻米外观品质和食味品质的影响不尽一致,具体表现为蛋白质含量较高,直链淀粉含量显著(p0.05)降低,对米饭的蒸煮品质产生一定程度的影响。此外,节水灌溉结合有机肥施用和节水抗旱稻品种的种植模式,能够在维持较高稻米产量的同时改善加工品质。未来研究应进一步优化不同农艺措施(如灌溉方式和施肥策略)的组合,以实现稻米产量和品质的协同提升,为农业绿色高质量发展提供科学依据。

关键词: 节水抗旱稻, 水分管理, 肥料管理, 稻米产量, 稻米品质

Abstract:

To investigate the comprehensive effects of different combinations of agronomic practices on rice yield and quality,a multifactorial randomized block experiment was conducted using rice varieties,water-saving irrigation,and fertilizer management as factors. Water-saving drought-resistant rice and conventional flooded rice were used as experimental materials,with two irrigation methods,conventional flooding and water-saving irrigation,being established,combined with organic fertilizer application. The study examined rice yield and quality under different combinations. The results indicated that the yield of water-saving drought-resistant rice under water-saving irrigation was comparable to that of traditional rice under conventional flooding(straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer application). Moreover,water-saving drought-resistant rice enhanced the milling quality of rice,including brown rice rate,milled rice rate,and head rice rate. However,the effects on appearance and eating quality of rice were inconsistent. Specifically,protein content was higher,while amylose content was significantly (p0.05) lower,which had a certain impact on cooking quality of rice. Additionally,the cultivation model combining water-saving irrigation,organic fertilizer application,and water-saving drought-resistant rice varieties could maintain relatively high rice yields while improving milling quality. Future research should further optimize the combinations of different agronomic practices(e.g.,irrigation methods and fertilization strategies)to achieve synergistic improvement in both rice yield and quality,thereby providing a scientific basis for green and high-quality development of agriculture.

Key words: water-saving and drought-resistant rice, water management, fertilizer management, rice yield, rice quality

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