Dry matter accumulation characteristics of sweet potato cultivated with film mulching

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230085

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the dry matter accumulation characteristics and yield enhancement effect of sweet potato under mulching culture, the study was conducted in Lulong County, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province in 2021, using the local main cultivars Luxuan 1 and Jishu 25 as experimental materials, and using non-mulching cultivation as the control, and the differences in vine length, dry matter accumulation characteristics and yield of sweet potato under mulching and non-mulching cultivation were compared and analyzed under field conditions. The results showed that the aboveground stems and vines grew faster under film mulching, the aboveground dry matter accumulation was faster in the early growth stage, and the transfer to the root tuber was more in the late growth stage. Under film mulching, the root tubers expanded early and quickly, and the dry matter accumulation of the roots showed a doublet curve. The dynamics of dry matter accumulation in the whole plant of sweet potato conformed to the Logistic model, and the dry matter accumulation period of sweet potato under mulching culture entered the rapid dry matter accumulation period earlier, the total dry matter accumulation was more, and the ratio of dry weight of stems and leaves to tuber dry weight (T/R value) was lower than that of non-mulching cultivation in most of the time. The number of sweet potato tubers per plant increased, the weight per plant increased, the rate of large and medium potatoes increased, and the rate of small potatoes decreased, and the yield increase effect was obvious. In conclusion, film mulching cultivation can change the dry matter accumulation characteristics of sweet potato and increase yield. This study provides a theoretical basis for the production and promotion of sweet potato under film mulching.

Key words: sweet potato, film mulching, dry matter, yield

CLC Number:

S531

ZHAI Wenxi, LI Xiangling, YANG Qing, WANG Jian, YANG Min, LIU Xueru, HAN Jinling. Dry matter accumulation characteristics of sweet potato cultivated with film mulching[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(3): 489-496.

Figures/Tables 11

References 29

[1]	王媛媛, 秦海棠, 邓福明, 等. 基于世界粮农组织2000—2016年统计数据库的全球椰子种植业发展概况及趋势研究[J]. 世界热带农业信息, 2018(5): 1-13.
[2]	王欣, 李强, 曹清河, 等. 中国甘薯产业和种业发展现状与未来展望[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(3):483-492.
[3]	谢一芝, 郭小丁, 贾赵东, 等. 中国食用甘薯育种现状及展望[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2018, 34(6):1240-1245.
[4]	王亚楠, 张新仕, 彭秀国, 等. 河北省甘薯产业发展现状及前景展望[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2019, 47(8):222-223, 243.
[5]	王振振. 地膜覆盖影响甘薯块根形成和膨大的生理基础[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2012.
[6]	郑和祥, 郭克贞, 郝万龙. 作物生长指标与土壤水分状况及地温关系研究[J]. 水土保持研究, 2011, 18(3):210-212, 214.
[7]	YUE L. Plastic mulching significantly improves soil enzyme and microbial activities without mitigating gaseous N emissions in winter wheat-summer maize rotations[J]. Field Crops Research, 2022, 286: 108630.
[8]	HOU F Y, DONG S X, XIE B T, et al. Mulching with plastic film improved the root quality of summer-sown sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L). Lam.) in Northern China[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2019, 18(5): 982-991.
[9]	王立明, 陈光荣, 杨如萍, 等. 覆膜种植方式对旱作大豆生长发育、产量及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(21): 8-14.
[10]	SUN Y, ZHU M J, MI W H, et al. Long-term impacts of nitrogen fertilization and straw incorporation on rice production and nitrogen recovery efficiency under plastic film mulching cultivation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2021, 44(2): 213-227.
[11]	江燕, 史春余, 王振振, 等. 地膜覆盖对耕层土壤温度水分和甘薯产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2014, 22(6): 627-634.
[12]	林子龙, 郭其茂, 陈根辉, 等. 不同覆膜对春季甘薯品种生长和产量的影响[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2020, 48(17): 18-20.
[13]	李云, 宋吉轩, 石乔龙. 覆膜对甘薯生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 南方农业学报, 2012, 43(8):1124-1128.
[14]	MA D D, CHEN L, QU H C, et al. Impacts of plastic film mulching on crop yields, soil water, nitrate, and organic carbon in Northwestern China: a meta-analysis[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2018, 202: 166-173.
[15]	刘胜尧, 范凤翠, 贾宋楠, 等. 华北旱地覆膜对春甘薯干物质和氮素生产特征的影响[J]. 河北农业科学, 2018, 22(4):16-21.
[16]	梅丽, 董雯怡, 周继华, 等. 生物降解地膜的性能及在北京鲜食玉米和甘薯生产上的应用[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2021, 26(10): 54-65.
[17]	裴世娟, 李瑞盈, 张萌, 等. 春玉米干物质积累和产量对播期调控下水热变化的响应[J]. 核农学报, 2021, 35(12): 2869-2878.
[18]	胡英杰, 张友良, 冯绍元, 等. 不同颜色地膜和滴灌土壤湿润比对土壤水热及甘薯生长的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2021, 40(10):33-42.
[19]	刘星, 张书乐, 刘国锋, 等. 连作对甘肃中部沿黄灌区马铃薯干物质积累和分配的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(7):1274-1285.
[20]	柴沙沙, 史春余, 雷剑, 等. 不同品种甘薯地上部生长特性及干物质积累分配特性研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2015, 54(24): 6166-6169.
[21]	胡英杰. 覆膜和滴灌湿润比对土壤水热及甘薯生长的影响研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2022.
[22]	宁运旺, 马洪波, 张辉, 等. 甘薯源库关系建立、发展和平衡对氮肥用量的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(3): 432-439.
[23]	刘亚军, 储凤丽, 王文静, 等. 不同配套栽培措施对商薯9号产量及杂草防控的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2019(2): 179-184.
[24]	HOU F, ZHANG L M, XIE B, et al. Effect of plastic mulching on the photosynthetic capacity, endogenous hormones and root yield of summer-sown sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L). Lam.) in Northern China[J]. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2015, 37: 1-10.
[25]	WEES D, SEGUIN P, BOISCLAIR J. Sweet potato production in a short-season area utilizing black plastic mulch: effects of cultivar, in-row plant spacing, and harvest date on yield parameters[J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2016, 96(1): 139-147.
[26]	汪洪, 岳秀利, 惠宏杉. 全降解生态地膜在宿州甘薯生产上的应用效果研究[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2021, 27(7):88-91.
[27]	李雪英, 朱海波, 刘刚, 等. 地膜覆盖对甘薯垄内温度和产量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2012(1): 121-123.
[28]	邓仁菊, 尹旺, 张皓, 等. 5种地膜覆盖对甘薯产量及品质的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2021, 49(4):51-54.
[29]	王翠娟, 史春余, 王振振, 等. 覆膜栽培对甘薯幼根生长发育、块根形成及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(9): 1677-1685.

月份	平均气温/℃	降雨量/mm
5	17.0	13.28
6	21.5	9.97
7	24.5	18.55
8	23.5	167.35
9	20.5	181.00
10	11.5	11.95

月份	平均气温/℃	降雨量/mm
5	17.0	13.28
6	21.5	9.97
7	24.5	18.55
8	23.5	167.35
9	20.5	181.00
10	11.5	11.95

处理	移栽后不同时间的蔓长/cm
处理	25 d	45 d	65 d	85 d	105 d	125 d	145 d	160 d
A1B1	24.50 a	55.20 a	81.60 a	107.80 a	147.60 a	159.40 a	164.60 a	165.26 a
A1B2	17.62 b	40.20 bc	77.40 b	82.00 b	94.80 d	132.40 b	139.36 bc	141.07 c
A2B1	7.40 c	41.20 b	75.40 b	97.20 b	117.00 b	141.74 b	150.18 b	153.54 b
A2B2	5.40 c	30.40 c	44.40 c	59.00 c	108.00 c	118.20 c	137.26 c	133.56 c

处理	移栽后不同时间的蔓长/cm
处理	25 d	45 d	65 d	85 d	105 d	125 d	145 d	160 d
A1B1	24.50 a	55.20 a	81.60 a	107.80 a	147.60 a	159.40 a	164.60 a	165.26 a
A1B2	17.62 b	40.20 bc	77.40 b	82.00 b	94.80 d	132.40 b	139.36 bc	141.07 c
A2B1	7.40 c	41.20 b	75.40 b	97.20 b	117.00 b	141.74 b	150.18 b	153.54 b
A2B2	5.40 c	30.40 c	44.40 c	59.00 c	108.00 c	118.20 c	137.26 c	133.56 c

处理	移栽后不同天数的地上部干物质积累量/(kg·hm^-2)
处理	25 d	45 d	65 d	85 d	105 d	125 d	145 d	160 d
A1B1	754.45 a	1 640.93 a	2 755.35 a	5 218.56 a	5 061.29 a	4 257.63 a	3 497.72 a	2 903.64 a
A1B2	527.58 b	1 031.67 b	1 749.60 b	2 382.64 d	3 657.83 b	3 535.38 b	2 738.61 c	2 127.30 b
A2B1	576.45 b	1 058.27 b	1 678.78 b	4 469.45 b	4 548.69 a	3 859.23 ab	2 888.53 b	1 868.79 bc
A2B2	231.39 c	514.08 c	1 281.52 c	3 146.82 c	2 984.58 c	3 628.13 b	2 474.55 c	1 821.78 c