Inhibition of key enzymes in glucose and lipid metabolism by extracts from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231212

Abstract

Abstract:

Ganoderma lucidum is a highly valued medicinal and edible mushroom rich in bioactive components with broad pharmacological activities. This study systematically compared the inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts and crude polysaccharides from G. lucidum at different growth stages on the activity of key enzymes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. The results revealed that ethanol extracts from the cap-opening stage exhibited the highest inhibition rates on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, while those from the primordial stage showed the strongest inhibition on lipase. For crude polysaccharides, the maximum inhibition rates on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase were observed during the primordial, cap-opening, and mature stages, respectively. These findings provide critical insights for optimizing the harvesting period of G. lucidum and guiding its product development.

Key words: Ganoderma lucidum, extracts, glucose and lipid metabolism enzymes, inhibition activity rate

CLC Number:

S567.31

ZHAO Ruimeng, WU Zhipeng, LAN Liuxin, XU Zhouwei, CHEN Jinrong, LYU Guoying, WANG Mengyu, ZHANG Zuofa. Inhibition of key enzymes in glucose and lipid metabolism by extracts from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(6): 1477-1481.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages

Fig.2 Inhibitory effect of ethanol extracts from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages on α-amylase activity

Fig.3 Inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages on α-amylase activity

Fig.4 Inhibitory effect of ethanol extracts from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages on α-glucosidase activity

Fig.5 Inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages on α-glucosidase activity

Fig.6 Inhibitory effect of ethanol extracts from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages on lipase activity

Fig.7 Inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum at different growth stages on lipase activity

References 29

[1]	LIU T, ZHOU J C, LI W X, et al. Effects of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum on growth performance, antioxidant function and immune response of broilers[J]. Animal Nutrition, 2020, 6(1): 39-46.
[2]	FU Y L, SHI L, DING K. Structure elucidation and anti-tumor activity in vivo of a polysaccharide from spores of Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2019, 141: 693-699.
[3]	XU Y, ZHANG X, YAN X H, et al. Characterization, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of degraded polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2019, 135: 706-716.
[4]	LI T Q, YU H R, SONG Y Y, et al. Protective effects of Ganoderma triterpenoids on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in chicken livers[J]. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2019, 52: 118-125.
[5]	何慧, 谢笔钧, 吕玉华, 等. 发酵灵芝粉中肽类化合物的分离及其生物活性研究[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 1997(5): 416-421.
[6]	潘俊, 刘秀嶶, 石萍萍, 等. 白肉灵芝化学成分及体外抗氧化活性分析[J]. 食品工业科技, 2021, 42(9): 340-346.
[7]	BABY S, JOHNSON A J, GOVINDAN B. Secondary metabolites from Ganoderma[J]. Phytochemistry, 2015, 114: 66-101.
[8]	AHMAD M F. Ganoderma lucidum: a rational pharmacological approach to surmount cancer[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2020, 260: 113047.
[9]	RYU D H, CHO J Y, SADIQ N B, et al. Optimization of antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities and ganoderic acid content of differentially dried Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology[J]. Food Chemistry, 2021, 335: 127645.
[10]	ZHAO L C, WANG X, LI J X, et al. Effect of Cyclocarya paliurus on hypoglycemic effect in type 2 diabetic mice[J]. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 2019, 25: 2976-2983.
[11]	LU J H, HE R J, SUN P L, et al. Molecular mechanisms of bioactive polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi), a review[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020, 150: 765-774.
[12]	LI W J, NIE S P, YAN Y, et al. The protective effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide against anoxia/reoxygenation injury in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes[J]. Life Sciences, 2009, 85(17/18): 634-641.
[13]	LIU Y J, ZHANG C Y, DU J L, et al. Protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in precision-cut carp liver slices[J]. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 2017, 43(5): 1209-1221.
[14]	FURUSAWA E, CHOU S C, FURUSAWA S, et al. Antitumour activity of Ganoderma lucidum, an edible mushroom, on intraperitoneally implanted lewis lung carcinoma in synergenic mice[J]. Phytotherapy Research, 1992, 6(6): 300-304.
[15]	赵蓉, 李多伟, 任涛, 等. DNS比色法测定白芸豆中α-淀粉酶抑制剂活性的方法研究[J]. 中成药, 2013(3): 573-576.
[16]	胡竟一, 雷玲, 刘亚欧, 等. 桑叶的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用研究[J]. 中药药理与临床, 2006(6): 44-45.
[17]	FRANCO R R, MOTA ALVES V H, RIBEIRO ZABISKY L F, et al. Antidiabetic potential of Bauhinia forficata Link leaves: a non-cytotoxic source of lipase and glycoside hydrolases inhibitors and molecules with antioxidant and antiglycation properties[J]. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2020, 123: 109798.
[18]	CHAI Y W, WANG M Z, ZHANG G Y. Interaction between amylose and tea polyphenols modulates the postprandial glycemic response to high-amylose maize starch[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013, 61(36): 8608-8615.
[19]	GONG L X, FENG D N, WANG T X, et al. Inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase: Potential linkage for whole cereal foods on prevention of hyperglycemia[J]. Food Science & Nutrition, 2020, 8(12): 6320-6337.
[20]	TAYLOR R. Type 2 diabetes and remission: practical management guided by pathophysiology[J]. Journal of Internal Medicine, 2021, 289(6): 754-770.
[21]	NABSETH D C, GOODALE R L, REIF A E. Studies on the effect of intragastric cooling on acute experimental pancreatitis[J]. Surgery, 1960, 47: 542-547.
[22]	MANGAL P, KHARE P, JAGTAP S, et al. Screening of six Ayurvedic medicinal plants for anti-obesity potential: an investigation on bioactive constituents from Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz bark[J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017, 197: 138-146.
[23]	RAHIM A T M A, TAKAHASHI Y, YAMAKI K. Mode of pancreatic lipase inhibition activity in vitro by some flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols[J]. Food Research International, 2015, 75: 289-294.
[24]	白丽娟, 徐金东, 张一帆, 等. 灵芝对糖尿病及其并发症防治作用的研究进展[J]. 食用菌, 2019, 41(2): 3-7.
[25]	滕宝松. 灵芝有效降糖组分的筛选及降血糖机理研究[D]. 上海: 复旦大学, 2012.
[26]	ZHU K X, NIE S P, LI C, et al. A newly identified polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum attenuates hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2013, 57: 142-150.
[27]	REN F, MENG C, CHEN W J, et al. Ganoderma amboinense polysaccharide prevents obesity by regulating gut microbiota in high-fat-diet mice[J]. Food Bioscience, 2021, 42: 101107.
[28]	宝萍萍, 图力古尔, 包海鹰. 栽培灵芝不同生长阶段多糖和三萜类化合物的含量测定[J]. 菌物研究, 2011, 9(2): 110-113, 118.
[29]	邢增涛, 周昌艳, 张劲松, 等. 不同生长阶段灵芝中微量元素与重金属含量分析[J]. 中药材, 2001, 24(7): 469-470.