Research progress on the interactions of Ralstonia solanacearum type Ⅲ effector proteins and host proteins

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250344

Abstract

Abstract:

Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a destructive soilborne disease affecting roots, stems, and leaves of a broad host range. R. solanacearum employs a type Ⅲ secretion system (T3SS) to deliver numerous type Ⅲ effectors (T3Es) directly into host cells, thereby subverting plant immunity. These T3Es target host immune-related proteins, modulating plant metabolism and hormone signaling pathways, and thereby play a crucial role in suppressing host immune responses. This review summarized the interactions and mechanisms of R. solanacearum T3Es with host proteins, providing a valuable reference for exploring the bacterial pathogenicity mechanisms and control of bacterial wilt disease.

Key words: bacterial wilt, Ralstonia solanacearum, effector proteins, host proteins, protein-protein interactions

CLC Number:

S432.2

WANG Meifang, XI Chaoyue, ZHU Haisheng, CHEN Lifei. Research progress on the interactions of Ralstonia solanacearum type Ⅲ effector proteins and host proteins[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(9): 2200-2207.

Figures/Tables 2

References 70

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效应蛋白	亚细胞定位	互作宿主蛋白	互作机制	参考文献
RipGs	叶绿体和质膜	SKP1	模拟植物的F-box蛋白功能,劫持植物的SCF复合体,操纵植物的泛素-蛋白酶体系统	[43]
RipE1	—	植物去泛素化酶	与植物去泛素蛋白酶结合,有助于RipE1去泛素化和蛋白质稳定性	[51]
RipI	细胞核	bHLH93、GADs	与bHLH 93转录因子相互作用诱导宿主防御反应;与GADs相互作用,促进GADs被钙调蛋白激活	[47,50]
RipP2(Ppop2)	细胞核	PAD4	通过其乙酰转移酶活性靶向植物免疫调节蛋白PAD4	[52]
RipX	细胞核和质膜	atpA	抑制植物线粒体ATP合酶α亚基基因atpA的表达来诱导植物防御反应	[53]
RipAC	细胞核和细胞质	SGT1	与SGT1结合,抑制NLR介导的SGT1依赖性免疫反应	[14]
RipAK	过氧化物酶体	PDCs、CATs	与PDCs相互作用,抑制其寡聚化和酶活性,促进病原体的毒力;通过抑制CATs活性,靶向植物细胞内的过氧化物酶体,抑制植物的免疫反应	[39-40]
RipAS	核质	StTOPP6	与StTOPP6相互作用,导致StTOPP6在核仁中的积累减少	[34]
RipAX1、RipAX2	细胞质	MAPK	RipAX1及RipAX2能够与MAPK相互作用,RipAX1能够抑制MAPKs的磷酸化	[54]
RipAY	细胞核和细胞质	H型硫氧还蛋白	降解植物中的谷胱甘肽,抑制SA介导的防御	[25-26]

效应蛋白	亚细胞定位	互作宿主蛋白	互作机制	参考文献
RipGs	叶绿体和质膜	SKP1	模拟植物的F-box蛋白功能,劫持植物的SCF复合体,操纵植物的泛素-蛋白酶体系统	[43]
RipE1	—	植物去泛素化酶	与植物去泛素蛋白酶结合,有助于RipE1去泛素化和蛋白质稳定性	[51]
RipI	细胞核	bHLH93、GADs	与bHLH 93转录因子相互作用诱导宿主防御反应;与GADs相互作用,促进GADs被钙调蛋白激活	[47,50]
RipP2(Ppop2)	细胞核	PAD4	通过其乙酰转移酶活性靶向植物免疫调节蛋白PAD4	[52]
RipX	细胞核和质膜	atpA	抑制植物线粒体ATP合酶α亚基基因atpA的表达来诱导植物防御反应	[53]
RipAC	细胞核和细胞质	SGT1	与SGT1结合,抑制NLR介导的SGT1依赖性免疫反应	[14]
RipAK	过氧化物酶体	PDCs、CATs	与PDCs相互作用,抑制其寡聚化和酶活性,促进病原体的毒力;通过抑制CATs活性,靶向植物细胞内的过氧化物酶体,抑制植物的免疫反应	[39-40]
RipAS	核质	StTOPP6	与StTOPP6相互作用,导致StTOPP6在核仁中的积累减少	[34]
RipAX1、RipAX2	细胞质	MAPK	RipAX1及RipAX2能够与MAPK相互作用,RipAX1能够抑制MAPKs的磷酸化	[54]
RipAY	细胞核和细胞质	H型硫氧还蛋白	降解植物中的谷胱甘肽,抑制SA介导的防御	[25-26]

效应蛋白	亚细胞定位	功能	参考文献
RipA5	细胞质	在酵母和本氏烟草中抑制TOR通路,在拟南芥中对毒力产生负面影响,并在不同种类的烟草中引发细胞死亡	[59-60]
RipB		Roq1介导的青枯病抗性	[61]
RipD	内质网	提高茄子、番茄和豆类中细菌的适应性,以及在本氏烟草中抑制flg22诱导的活性氧自由基产生	[62]
RipE1	—	诱导水杨酸和茉莉酸合成以触发拟南芥和本氏烟草中的免疫应答	[63]
RipM、RipQ、RipS1	—	在本氏烟草中抑制flg22诱导的活性氧自由基产生	[59]
RipN	细胞核和内质网	改变植物NADH/NAD⁺比率并抑制拟南芥中的PAMP触发的免疫防御	[64]
RipV1、RipV2	质膜	PAMP引发的免疫抑制对其E3泛素连接酶活性的影响	[65-66]
RipX	细胞核和质膜	在矮牵牛、烟草和本氏烟草中通过对其atpA基因的转录以及离子传导孔形成的负面效应	[53]
RipAD	细胞质和叶绿体	在本氏烟草中抑制flg22诱导的活性氧自由基产生	[62]
RipAF1	细胞核和细胞质		[62,67]
RipAR、RipAW	细胞质	PAMP引发的免疫抑制对其E3泛素连接酶活性的影响	[68]
RipAU			[59]
RipAY	细胞核和细胞质	在酵母、茄子和拟南芥中耗竭谷胱甘肽,在拟南芥中抑制水杨酸介导的防御,并在本氏烟草中抑制RipE1介导的超敏反应	[63]
RipTAL	细胞核	诱导植物多胺的合成,抑制竞争菌株的增殖	[69]
RipTPS	—	在酵母中合成海藻糖-6-磷酸,并在烟草中诱导酶活性独立的超敏反应	[70]

效应蛋白	亚细胞定位	功能	参考文献
RipA5	细胞质	在酵母和本氏烟草中抑制TOR通路,在拟南芥中对毒力产生负面影响,并在不同种类的烟草中引发细胞死亡	[59-60]
RipB		Roq1介导的青枯病抗性	[61]
RipD	内质网	提高茄子、番茄和豆类中细菌的适应性,以及在本氏烟草中抑制flg22诱导的活性氧自由基产生	[62]
RipE1	—	诱导水杨酸和茉莉酸合成以触发拟南芥和本氏烟草中的免疫应答	[63]
RipM、RipQ、RipS1	—	在本氏烟草中抑制flg22诱导的活性氧自由基产生	[59]
RipN	细胞核和内质网	改变植物NADH/NAD⁺比率并抑制拟南芥中的PAMP触发的免疫防御	[64]
RipV1、RipV2	质膜	PAMP引发的免疫抑制对其E3泛素连接酶活性的影响	[65-66]
RipX	细胞核和质膜	在矮牵牛、烟草和本氏烟草中通过对其atpA基因的转录以及离子传导孔形成的负面效应	[53]
RipAD	细胞质和叶绿体	在本氏烟草中抑制flg22诱导的活性氧自由基产生	[62]
RipAF1	细胞核和细胞质		[62,67]
RipAR、RipAW	细胞质	PAMP引发的免疫抑制对其E3泛素连接酶活性的影响	[68]
RipAU			[59]
RipAY	细胞核和细胞质	在酵母、茄子和拟南芥中耗竭谷胱甘肽,在拟南芥中抑制水杨酸介导的防御,并在本氏烟草中抑制RipE1介导的超敏反应	[63]
RipTAL	细胞核	诱导植物多胺的合成,抑制竞争菌株的增殖	[69]
RipTPS	—	在酵母中合成海藻糖-6-磷酸,并在烟草中诱导酶活性独立的超敏反应	[70]