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Study on the role and countermeasures of agricultural entrepreneurs in promoting the upgrading of rural “sweet potato economy” under the background of common prosperity GE Yongjin, PAN Qing, QIU Yunfeng, WANG Dudan, GE Shijun 2025, 66 (9):  2069-2077.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240970 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1465KB) ( 189 )   Zhejiang Province focuses on the development of rural industries, continuously increases the cultivation of agricultural entrepreneurs, expands the rural talent team, promotes the high-quality development of rural industries, and contributes to the construction of a demonstration area of common prosperity. By means of questionnaire survey and field research, this study collected samples of Zhejiang agricultural entrepreneurs, analyzed the development and existing problems of Zhejiang agricultural entrepreneurs from different levels, studied the entrepreneurial types and interest connection mechanism of agricultural entrepreneurs, and summarized the role and achievements of agricultural entrepreneurs in the upgrading of rural “sweet potato economy” in Zhejiang Province. By introducing new technologies and concepts, agricultural entrepreneurs create new business forms, cultivate new driving forces, integrate primary, secondary and tertiary industries, promote the upgrading of rural industries, build rural brands, drive the development of rural tourism, improve the income level of farmers, effectively promote the upgrading of rural “sweet potato economy”, and inject new impetus into rural revitalization and common prosperity of agriculture and rural areas. At the same time, this paper discusses how to further cultivate and expand the group of agricultural entrepreneurs. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Interpretation of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's regulations on the limits of toxic and harmful substances in plant-based foods HUANG Xiongjun, YI Rong, PAN Fang, ZHANG Haiyan, LI Min, LIAO Rongjun, WEN Qiaoling, ZHANG Wang 2025, 66 (9):  2078-2083.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240713 Abstract ( 67 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1157KB) ( 126 )   Pollutant control is an important technical means to improve the quality of plant-based foods. To understand the regulatory requirements of the United States for contaminants in imported plant-based foods, this article interpreted the document issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): “Industry Guidelines: Action Levels for Toxic or Hazardous Substances in Human Food and Animal Feed”. The management requirements for six highly toxic pesticides and aflatoxin were mainly sorted out. By comparing with relevant standards in China, it was found that there are two regulations in China and the United States that have significant differences. One is the limit of aflatoxin. The US guidelines stipulate that the action level is 20 μg·kg-1, while the limit range in China is 5-20 μg·kg-1. One is pesticide residues. The United States has restrictions on pesticide residues in popcorn, while China has not yet set such limits. The limit of aflatoxin in domestic lotus seeds is 10 μg·kg-1. However, due to moisture exposure during harvesting or storage and transportation, they are prone to mold, and the export risk is relatively high. This risk can be reduced by strengthening quality control and reinforcing standards. For instance, popcorn intended for export can avoid the risk of spot checks by the United States through pre-inspection of pesticide residues. The innovative study in this article helps enterprises predict the risks of food exports and take control measures to improve the compliance of agricultural products exported to the United States. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Selection and evaluation of water-saving and drought-resistant rice adaptability in newly (reclaimed) cultivated land in mountainous and hilly areas HU Tiejun, ZHOU Fei, JIN Shuquan, WANG Feng, CHEN Yutiao 2025, 66 (9):  2084-2089.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250392 Abstract ( 50 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1256KB) ( 195 )   To screen high-yield rice varieties suitable for cultivation in newly (reclaimed) hilly and mountainous farmland in Ningbo, nine water-saving and drought-resistant rice (WDR) varieties were evaluated. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis were used to comprehensively assess the correlation and differences in yield components and rice quality indicators among the varieties. The results showed that yield, head rice rate, chalkiness and gel consistency had high coefficients of variation, making them important factors for evaluating the comprehensive performance of WDR. Correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between milled rice rate and seed-setting rate, while a highly significant negative correlation was observed between length-to-width ratio and both chalkiness and amylose content. It was suggested that improving the seed-setting rate enhanced rice processing quality, while increasing the length-to-width ratio improved appearance and cooking quality. Cluster analysis categorized the nine WDR varieties into four groups. Group Ⅳ, comprising three varieties, including Hanyou 737, Hanyou 73, and Hanyou 786, exhibited high yield, superior milling quality, and improved appearance quality. Based on principal component analysis composite scores, the top three varieties were Hanyou 786, Hanyou 737, and Hanyou 73, which were recommended for cultivation in newly (reclaimed) hilly areas of Ningbo. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of chemical fertilizer replaced by biogas slurry on the agronomic traits and yield of rice LI Chengwei, WEI Haimin, LIU Sheng, MENG Denghui, ZHOU Chenhui 2025, 66 (9):  2090-2095.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250133 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (3310KB) ( 201 )   To clarify the effects of chemical fertilizer replaced by biogas slurry on the growth, development, and yield of different rice types, conventional japonica rice Nangeng 5718 and hybrid indica rice Quanyou 169 were used as materials for experiments. Treatments included partial replacement of chemical fertilizer with biogas slurry and complete replacement of chemical fertilizer with biogas slurry, with conventional chemical fertilizer treatment as the control (CF). The effects of different fertilization dose and timing on rice traits such as tillering dynamics, plant height, dry matter weight, and yield were systematically analyzed. The results showed that compared with the CF treatment, T1 treatment had no significant effect on the plant height of both rice varieties but reduced their tiller number. Treatments T2-T4 significantly increased the plant height and tiller number of both varieties. Treatments T1-T4 had no significant effect on the length of the first and second internodes for both varieties (except the T3 treatment for Quanyou 169), but increased stem and leaf weight, panicle weight, and total weight for both varieties. Compared with the CF treatment, all treatments with replacement of chemical fertilizer with biogas slurry biogas increased the yield of both rice varieties. Specifically, treatments T2-T4 increased yield by 7.9%-19.1% for Quanyou 169 and 8.7%-17.5% for Nangeng 5718, primarily by increasing the number of effective panicles. For Nangeng 5718, T4 treatment significantly increased 29.9% in grains per panicle compared with T3 treatment due to staged fertilization. For both varieties, the T3 treatment improved the seed-setting rate compared with T2 treatment due to additional grain fertilizer. In conclusion, chemical fertilizers replaced by biogas slurry can increase yield while reducing chemical fertilizer usage, providing a scientific basis for the resource utilization of biogas slurry and green rice cultivation. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Breeding innovation and high yield analysis of new wheat variety Luomai 76 with large grain and high yield LI Tianqi, YUAN Qian, ZHAO Yongtao, ZHANG Zhongzhou, ZHEN Shicong, WANG Junsen, ZHANG Feng, SUN Xianye, LU Xiangdong, MEI Ning 2025, 66 (9):  2096-2101.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240975 Abstract ( 65 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (2039KB) ( 170 )   Luomai 76 is a new wheat variety bred through multi-parental stepwise hybridization using synthetic wheat. Parental combinations were configured based on the principle of “complementing weaknesses with strong advantages”, and progeny selection was conducted using the principle of “focusing on key traits while broadly selecting complementary traits”. This approach aggregated the advantages of multiple parents to develop this new large-grain, high-yielding wheat variety. Its high-yielding potential and stability were evaluated using the genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot method and the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) method. The results showed that Luomai 76 possesses outstanding high-yielding potential, with its two-year average yield and BLUP values ranking among the top two in its test group. The GGE biplot also indicated its excellent high-yielding potential and relatively good stability. Analysis of the three yield components revealed that the number of spikes per 667 m2 and the number of grains per spike in Luomai 76 were near the average of the tested varieties. However, its 1 000-grain weight was significantly higher than the average and remained stable over the two years. The increase in 1 000-grain weight is the primary factor contributing to its high yield. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation and development countermeasures of rape production in Jinhua XU Jingjing, XUE Zhankui, SHI Jiawei 2025, 66 (9):  2102-2106.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240364 Abstract ( 55 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1227KB) ( 193 )   Rape is the main crop for winter production in Jinhua, and it is also the largest oil crop in Jinhua. The perennial planting area is 16 700 hm2. In order to understand the current situation of rape production in Jinhua, the planting area and yield of rape in Jinhua in recent 15 years, the distribution of rape in Jinhua, the main cultivated varieties, planting benefits and industrial processing were analyzed. The research found that the farmers' enthusiasm for planting rape was not high, the supporting technology and production mechanization of rape were low, and the processing of rapeseed was lagging behind. In view of the above problems, some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward, such as promoting the scale management of rape, improving the mechanization level of rape production, and promoting the development of the whole rape industry chain. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the countermeasures of promoting common prosperity by high quality development of Camellia oleifera industry in Changshan County, Zhejiang Province WANG Xuting, YU Chunlian, FANG Guojing, WANG Kunxi, LU Haomin, HUANG Guangyuan, SHEN Lizhou, WANG Xinru 2025, 66 (9):  2107-2111.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250404 Abstract ( 44 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1154KB) ( 101 )   In the context of the common prosperity strategy, cracking the “three big gaps” among regions, urban and rural areas and income is the core proposition of the high-quality development of mountainous counties in Zhejiang Province. In this paper, Changshan County, Quzhou City, a key production county of Camellia oleifera, was selected as the research object. Based on the development status of its Camellia oleifera industry, the existing problems were analyzed, and the high-quality development system and mechanism of Camellia oleifera industry and the practical experience of promoting common prosperity were summarized, and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the integrated development model of agriculture, culture and tourism for Anji white tea WANG Qiong 2025, 66 (9):  2112-2116.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240462 Abstract ( 43 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1133KB) ( 95 )   Promoting the integrated development of agriculture, culture and tourism is a new engine for promoting high-quality development of the rural economy and the revitalization of rural industries. Anji white tea has innovated the “Anji white tea industry+culture” model, achieving the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism as well as the development of the entire industrial chain through the implantation of diverse cultures and the grafting of brands, technologies and multiple business forms. This article systematically distills the integrated development model of culture and tourism for farmers of Anji white tea by analyzing the background, main practices, technical measures and achieved results of the model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of nitrogen application level and intercropping sweet potato on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco ZHANG Shuhao, WANG Yujie, HE Bing, DU Jingshan, GE Menglong, WANG Hui, HE Mengying, JIAO Nianyuan, GAO Jiakai, WANG Yanfang, DENG Xuxian, LIU Ling 2025, 66 (9):  2117-2125.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240423 Abstract ( 59 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (3511KB) ( 150 )   To investigate the effects of nitrogen application levels and intercropping with sweet potato on the growth, leaf photosynthetic characteristics, and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco, a pot experiment simulating field planting was conducted using flue-cured tobacco variety LY1306 and sweet potato variety Pushu 32. The experiment included two planting patterns (A1, flue-cured tobacco monoculture; A2, flue-cured tobacco and sweet potato intercropping) and four nitrogen application levels (N0, no nitrogen; N1, 0.64 g·pot-1; N2, 0.80 g·pot-1; N3, 0.96 g·pot-1), resulting in a total of 8 treatments. The differences in agronomic traits, root morphological parameters, leaf photosynthetic characteristics, and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco under different treatments were studied. The results showed that on 60 days after transplanting, under the same nitrogen lapplication evel, compared with monocultured flue-cured tobacco, intercropped flue-cured tobacco exhibited increases in plant height, maximum leaf area, aboveground dry weight, root dry weight, root tip number, root volume, SPAD value, and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), by 1.93%-10.24%, 5.01%-14.23%, 23.65%-45.83%, 32.43%-53.75%, 4.62%-16.74%, 5.92%-27.82%, 0.42%-6.28%, and 9.39%-32.55%, respectively. All these above measured parameters reached their maximum values at the N2 level. Although the values at the N1 level were lower than those at the N3 level, there were no significant differences between them. The activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in the leaves of intercropped tobacco were 3.93%-19.13% and 3.03%-5.74% higher than those in monocultured flue cured tobacco, respectively, and both enzyme activities gradually increased with increasing nitrogen application rate, reaching their highest values at the N3 level. Under the conditions of this experiment, both nitrogen application level and planting pattern had significant or highly significant effects on the agronomic traits, photosynthetic parameters, and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco. However, their interaction of two factors had a significant or highly significant effect only on root tip number, root volume, intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr). Overall, under the tobacco-sweet potato intercropping system in the rainfed areas of western Henan, a nitrogen application rate of 48-60 kg·hm-2 was sufficient to meet the normal growth and development requirements. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Quality analysis of Rubus chingii Hu. based on near-infrared technology WANG Chuanbao, HU Chunli, ZHAN Jianyong, LI Haishen, JIANG Ling, ZHENG Pinghan, WANG Zhian, SUN Jian 2025, 66 (9):  2126-2136.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250226 Abstract ( 42 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (6386KB) ( 108 )   To establish a quantitative prediction model based on near-infrared spectroscopy data, and to realize the rapid prediction of ellagic acid and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside content in Rubus chingii Hu., the samples from different sources were collected, the near-infrared spectroscopy was collected, and the contents of ellagic acid and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside were detected by HPLC. Spectral data were preprocessed by MATLAB R2020b software. The competitive adaptive reweighted sampled CARS were used to screen characteristic wavelengths, and partial least squares (PLS) and random forest (RF) models were established to screen the best pretreatment methods, and then the best prediction models were selected. Results showed that the optimal prediction results of ellagic acid were obtained by SNV+FD+CARS+PLS model, and the correlation coefficient ($R_{\mathrm{p}}^{2}$) of the quantitative model test set was 0.903 8. The optimal prediction results of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside were obtained by SG+FD+CARS+PLS model, and the $R_{\mathrm{p}}^{2}$ of the quantitative model test set was 0.758 6. The NIR data treated by the combination of normalization and first derivative can distinguish Rubus chingii Hu. qualified products in OPLS-DA model, the cumulative variance value R2Y was 0.728, and the prediction rate Q2 was 0.681. The results of this study indicated that the content of ellagic acid and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside in Rubus chingii Hu. can be quickly predicted by NIR technique, and the quality of raspberry samples can be preliminarily judged. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of bacterial community strucure in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. and exploration of the associated flora CAI Long, SUN Jian, WANG Pan, SHEN Yanghui, JIANG Jianming, WANG Zhian 2025, 66 (9):  2137-2146.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250185 Abstract ( 50 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (13212KB) ( 159 )   In order to explore the changes of flora during the domestication and cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., and screen the dominant associated flora, the rhizosphere soil samples of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. from different growing environments were collected, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to statistical analysis and functional prediction of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil, and the dominant associated flora of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. were screened. The results showed that the bacteria in rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. consisted of 51 phyla, 131 classes, 296 orders, 506 families, 1 105 genera, 1 929 species. The α diversity analysis of Shannon and Chao1 index showed that the diversity of colonies of wild Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. was higher than that of cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.. At the phylum classification level, the abundance of Firmicutes, Acidobacteriota and Myxococcota in the rhizosphere soil of wild Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. was higher than that of the cultivated group, which was 3.0 times higher than the average of the cultivated group. The abundance of Chloroflexi and Bacteroidota decreased, and was less than 30% of the average value of the cultivated group. At the genus level, the abundance of 11 genera including Ensifer in the rhizosphere soil of wild Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. was higher than the mean value of the cultivated group. The common associated bacteria genera of wild and cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. were Pseudomonas, Alphaproteobacteria, Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia and Sphingomonas. This study laid a foundation for developing microbiological agent of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., optimizing the cultivation mode and alleviating the disease of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of three pollen treatments in the joint seed production of red pepper in Huai'an WANG Weiwei, ZHANG Xuelian, SUN Yudong, ZHAO Jianfeng, WANG Linchuang, LUO Dexu 2025, 66 (9):  2147-2151.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240507 Abstract ( 37 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1126KB) ( 87 )   This study explored the vitality changes of fresh pollen at room temperature, dried pollen at room temperature, and dried and refrigerated pollen of peppers, as well as the effects of three pollen treatments on field pollination, and apply them to the joint seed production of red pepper in Huaian to explore a pollen treatment scheme with relatively high seed production efficiency and purity. The results showed that the pollen vitality of peppers decreased with extension of treatment time, and fresh pollen at room temperature had the highest vitality. Although drying and refrigeration could effectively prolong storage time, pollen vitality was damaged, which was not conducive to improving seed production efficiency and purity. In actual production, the three types of pollen complement each other and support the seed production process together. However, priority should be given to using fresh pollen at room temperature and dried pollen at room temperature with high pollen vitality, and the use of dried and refrigerated pollen should be reduced. To ensure the pollen yield of the first two, planting time of the male parent can be advanced by 20 days compared with the female parent, and the planting proportion of can be increased to 1∶2.5. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of pear branch sawdust on agronomic traits and yield of Stropharia rugosoannulata ZHANG Yuefang, TAO Yongjun, SHEN Meng 2025, 66 (9):  2152-2156.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240042 Abstract ( 48 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1180KB) ( 160 )   To investigate the effects of different addition ratios of pear branch sawdust on the agronomic traits and yield of Stropharia rugosoannulata, this experiment tested four treatments with pear branch sawdust additions at 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%. Agronomic traits were recorded, and the average single-mushroom weight and yield per unit area were analyzed monthly. The role of pear branch sawdust addition ratios during the spawn-running and harvesting stages was clarified, along with the optimal ratio. The study demonstrated that adding pear branch sawdust reduced the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the substrate, accelerated mycelial growth, enhanced mycelial vigor, shortened the spawn-running period, increased the number of fruiting bodies, and improved both fruiting body quality and yield per unit area. Specifically, additions of 20% and 40% pear branch sawdust concentrated fruiting body harvesting in the early fruiting stage. A 40% addition significantly increased the number of fruiting bodies and boosted yield per unit area. The 40% addition ratio demonstrated more advantages and is recommended for production when mixed with hardwood sawdust at a 2∶1 ratio. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of NaCl stress on the germination of different types of welsh onions WANG Qinghua, YUE Lixin, LIU Zezhou, GAO Limin 2025, 66 (9):  2157-2164.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240325 Abstract ( 42 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (2251KB) ( 112 )   To investigate the salt tolerance of welsh onion seeds during germination, nine different types of welsh onion seeds were used as experimental materials. The seeds were treated with varying concentrations of NaCl to study the effects of salt stress on seed germination. The results showed that at NaCl concentrations below 100 mmol·L-1, the relative germination rate of welsh onion seeds did not differ significantly from that under 0 mmol·L-1 NaCl treatment. Relative germination rate of most varieties was significantly inhibited at a NaCl concentration of 200 mmol·L-1. Under 250 mmol·L-1 NaCl, the relative germination rate of varieties 2 and 3 remained above 80%, while that of other varieties decreased to below 60%. Additionally, the relative germination vigor of all varieties dropped below 30%. Therefore, 250 mmol·L-1 NaCl was identified as a suitable concentration for evaluating the salt tolerance of welsh onion germplasm resources. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of indicators including relative germination rate, relative germination vigor, relative germination index, root length, and shoot length, the salt tolerance during the germination stage of different welsh onion types was ranked as follows: club-shaped welsh onion > export-preserved welsh onion > drumstick welsh onion > tillering welsh onion. Among the tested varieties, variety 3 (Lucongza 5) exhibited the least inhibition of seed germination under salt stress. This study lays the foundation for the future breeding of salt-tolerant varieties and their promotion in saline-alkali soils. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficient seed production and genetic purity identification of Brassica oleracea L.var.botrytis Linnaeus cv. Zixia 65 YU Huifang, SHENG Xiaoguang, WANG Jiansheng, SHEN Yusen, SONG Mengfei, GU Honghui 2025, 66 (9):  2165-2168.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240983 Abstract ( 40 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1536KB) ( 91 )   Zixia 65 is a new variety of Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis Linnaeus with purple flower heads. The seed production yield and seed purity of a new variety directly affect its application and promotion in production. Therefore, studying the efficient seed production technology and genetic purity identification technology of Zixia 65 is of great significance for the demonstration and promotion of this variety. This study investigated the effects of the planting proportion of paternal lines and the number of branches left on the yield and related traits of Zixia 65 using Ogura male sterile lines. Competitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed based on a large amount of resequencing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, and a high-throughput, low-cost molecular marker purity rapid identification technology was developed. The results showed that when the planting proportion of paternal lines was 2∶3 and one main branch was left, the seed yield was the highest, equivalent to 23.3 kg per 667 m2. When two main branches were left, there were more branches and pods per plant, but fewer seeds per pod. Three KASP markers S011, S012 and S026 were developed to accurately identify the genetic purity of the Zixia 65 hybrid. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation, problems and development countermeasures of citrus industry in Zhejiang Province RU Shuijiang, KE Fuzhi, HUANG Zhendong, WANG Peng, LU Lianming, CHEN Guoqing, XU Jianguo 2025, 66 (9):  2169-2175.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240932 Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1290KB) ( 189 )   Citrus is the main fruit in Zhejiang Province and an important industry for rural development. This paper expounds the development history, current situation and characteristics of citrus industry in Zhejiang Province, analyzes the existing development problems of citrus industry from the aspects of climate, ecology, labor force, variety distribution, cultivation technology and so on, and puts forward the industrial path of optimizing industrial layout, moderate scale operation, transforming low yield orchards, improving brand construction and expanding intensive processing. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation and countermeasures of citrus fertilization in Zhejiang Province QIU Yunfeng, CHEN Yupei, SHAN Yingjie, LU Ruohui 2025, 66 (9):  2176-2180.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250281 Abstract ( 60 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1360KB) ( 164 )   In order to clarify the current situation of citrus fertilization in Zhejiang Province, analyze the differences of farmers’ fertilization levels, and explore the path of scientific nutrient management of citrus, this study investigated 367 planting entities in Zhejiang Province in 2024. The survey content includes fertilizer types, fertilizer dosage, application time, application methods, sowing area, farmers’ information, etc., and analyzed the citrus fertilization level with reference to the current Zhejiang fertilizer application limit standard. The results showed that the fertilization level of citrus in Zhejiang Province tended to be scientific and reasonable, and the average amount of chemical fertilizer decreased significantly, but there were also some problems, such as the low proportion of organic fertilizer and formula fertilizer, conservative fertilization methods, and huge differences in fertilizer use among different planting subjects. In the future, we still need to continue to strengthen the policy support of organic fertilizer and formula fertilizer, increase the subsidy of efficient fertilization machinery, and do a good job in scientific fertilization policy and technical training and promotion for small and medium-sized farmers. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Adaptability assessment of eight heat- and humidity-resistant Hydrangea macrophylla cultivars in Hangzhou YU Ke, CHEN Junxian, WEN Xiaohui, SHI Xiaohua, ZHOU Jianghua, LIU Huichun, ZHU Kaiyuan 2025, 66 (9):  2181-2189.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250428 Abstract ( 42 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (8648KB) ( 133 )   Hydrangea macrophylla is an important ornamental plant due to its rich flower colors and diverse forms. However, its application in Hangzhou is limited by the high temperature and humidity in summer. Present study systematically evaluated the heat and humidity tolerance of eight H. macrophylla cultivars by simulating a high-temperature and high-humidity environment using the artificial climate chambers, combined with morphological observation and physiological index measurements. The results showed that Miss Saori exhibited faster accumulation of soluble sugars and proline, higher soluble protein content, and greater increases in SOD and POD activities under high temperatures, enhancing its osmotic regulation and reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity. In contrast, Sweet Fantasy displayed lower MDA content, indicating milder membrane lipid peroxidation and a different stress resistance strategy. In conclusion, Miss Saori demonstrated stronger heat and humidity adaptability due to its superior enzyme activity enhancement. Present study not only provides H. macrophylla cultivars suitable for hot and humid climate in Hangzhou, but also provides a foundation for the cultivation management and genetic improvement of heat- and humidity- tolerant hydrangea varieties. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation cover change in nature reserves based on time-series NDVI map database GU Chao 2025, 66 (9):  2190-2193.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250043 Abstract ( 50 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1383KB) ( 72 )   Traditional research methods on vegetation cover change in nature reserves mainly rely on remote sensing image data of a single time point, which is difficult to capture the spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation cover comprehensively, and the results are susceptible to noise interference and lack of accuracy. Therefore, a method based on temporal NDVI map database was proposed to study the spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation cover change in nature reserves. Firstly, by integrating multi-time point remote sensing data, the temporal NDVI map database was constructed. Based on the map database, the relevant data of vegetation coverage were extracted, and the coverage was calculated and classified. On this basis, using the methods of time series analysis, spatial pattern analysis and spatial and temporal dynamic change analysis, combined with the coverage level, the spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation cover change in nature reserves were fully revealed. The results showed that this method can effectively reflect the temporal and spatial characteristics of vegetation cover change in protected areas, and the error between vegetation cover and measured data is controlled within 0.3%, which has a high accuracy in reflecting vegetation cover. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of cadmium stress on osmotic regulation and balance of 3 clones of Taxodium hybrid Zhongshanshan LI Min, LIU Fei, GAO Changjian, LIU Jinlin 2025, 66 (9):  2194-2199.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250168 Abstract ( 46 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1177KB) ( 74 )   Utilizing Taxodium distichum, Zhongshanshan 118, and Zhongshanshan 406 as experimental materials, a hydroponic cultivation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of heavy metal cadmium stress. The study assessed the osmotic adjustment system indicators such as leaf soluble sugars, proline, and soluble proteins content to compare the response characteristics of different Zhongshanshan clones under various cadmium concentrations. The objective was to select clones with cadmium tolerance and preliminarily explore the physiological mechanisms underlying their heavy metal cadmium resistance from the perspective of osmotic regulation. The findings indicate that under cadmium stress, the three Zhongshanshan clones displayed distinct response traits. Notably, Zhongshanshan 406 exhibited the most stable levels of leaf soluble sugars and soluble proteins content, and a pronounced increase in proline content, thereby demonstrating the most robust osmotic adjustment capacity in response to heavy metal cadmium stress. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the interactions of Ralstonia solanacearum type Ⅲ effector proteins and host proteins WANG Meifang, XI Chaoyue, ZHU Haisheng, CHEN Lifei 2025, 66 (9):  2200-2207.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250344 Abstract ( 41 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1279KB) ( 96 )   Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a destructive soilborne disease affecting roots, stems, and leaves of a broad host range. R. solanacearum employs a type Ⅲ secretion system (T3SS) to deliver numerous type Ⅲ effectors (T3Es) directly into host cells, thereby subverting plant immunity. These T3Es target host immune-related proteins, modulating plant metabolism and hormone signaling pathways, and thereby play a crucial role in suppressing host immune responses. This review summarized the interactions and mechanisms of R. solanacearum T3Es with host proteins, providing a valuable reference for exploring the bacterial pathogenicity mechanisms and control of bacterial wilt disease. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the application effect of flufenacet in rice fields ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Chunhua, WANG Cheng, CHEN Guoqi 2025, 66 (9):  2208-2212.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240812 Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1153KB) ( 131 )   To clarify the application effect of flufenacet in rice fields, a large-scale field experiment was conducted to study its herbicidal effect and safety on rice seedlings in 2023. The result showed that when flufenacet was used for sealing treatment before and after rice transplanting, the seedling control effect and fresh weight control effect against grassy weeds (especially Echinochloa crus-galli and Leptochloa chinensis) could reach 92.0% to 98.0% at 15 days and 50 days after application, but the seedling control effect and fresh weight control effect against broadleaf weeds were only about 50.0%. Different application methods(spray or soil mix), and different management after medication (whether water is preserved after medication), the control effect is more than 90.0%, have little influence on flufenacet. After the application of flufenacet, rice grew normally and yield increased obviously than control group. It is recommended that in rice production, flufenacet could be flexibly used for sealing treatment based on actual conditions, with broadleaf grass sealing herbicides used in combination. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Trapping effects of three trapping methods on Leucania loreyi in Luohe CHEN Qi, HOU Yanhong, CHEN Li, LIU Di, DU Mengyuan, WANG Wenhao, SHI Xingkai, SHEN Hailong, FAN Zhiye, DUAN Yun, LI Shimin 2025, 66 (9):  2213-2217.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240436 Abstract ( 52 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1303KB) ( 85 )   To understand the population dynamics of Leucania loreyi in Luohe, Henan, field populations were monitored in 2022 using forecast lamps, searchlight, and sex attractant traps. The monitoring and trapping efficacy were analyzed and compared. The results showed that both forecast lamps and searchlight captured adult Leucania loreyi populations with a single peak period from early September to middle October in 2022, with peak captures accounting for 94.38% and 95.58% of the annual totals, respectively. The primary capture period for sex attractant traps was between September 20 and October 21, during which the average capture across three traps represented 90.05% of the total monitoring period. The peak capture periods of sex attractant traps largely aligned with those of the forecast lamps and searchlight. The peak capture dates for forecast lamps, searchlight, and sex attractant traps were September 29, September 26, and September 23, respectively. The trapping efficacy of sex attractant traps varied significantly depending on their locations. Throughout the monitoring period, male Leucania loreyi accounted for 98.20% of the total insects captured by the attractant traps, significantly outnumbered other insect species and demonstrated high specificity. These findings provide valuable insights for forecasting and eco-friendly control strategies against Leucania loreyi. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Control methods and effects of pine wilt disease CAI Weifei, CAO Min, JIANG Lijuan, XU Yan, MENG Liqin, YE Guohua, HONG Shuyong, QUE Jianyong 2025, 66 (9):  2218-2222.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240253 Abstract ( 50 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1141KB) ( 102 )   A three-year study on the control efficacy of pine wilt disease using four different methods: removal of infected trees, removal of infected trees combined with crown spraying, removal of infected trees combined with trunk injection, and removal of infected trees combined with both trunk injection and crown spraying was conducted. The results showed that the control methods for pine wilt disease, removal of infected trees alone achieved a control efficacy of 60.94%. Adding crown spraying to infected tree removal increased the efficacy to 64.21%. Incorporating trunk injection alongside infected tree removal yielded a control efficacy of 71.73%, while combining infected tree removal with both trunk injection and crown spraying achieved the highest efficacy of 73.75%. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the prevention and control of flutriafol and prothioconazole compound on wheat crown rot LI Guanlong, ZHANG Sheng, LI Jianbing, QIAO Tiantian, TU Guangwei, TIAN Qizhen, LI Weiguo, LIU Runqiang, ZHOU Feng 2025, 66 (9):  2223-2229.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240797 Abstract ( 56 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (5306KB) ( 138 )   Wheat crown rot caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum is an important plant disease in wheat production. At present, there is no highly resistant wheat variety that can effectively resist wheat crown rot, and chemical pesticides are mainly used for its prevention and control. Flutriafol and prothioconazole are widely used fungicides in the prevention and control of wheat diseases, and are widely praised for their excellent antibacterial effects. Clarifying the control effect of the flutriafol and prothioconazole compound on wheat crown rot is of great significance for effectively controlling wheat crown rot and prolonging the service life of fungicides. In this study, the Sun Yunpei co-toxicity coefficient method was used to evaluate the binary combination of flutriafol and prothioconazole and its antibacterial effect on Fusarium pseudograminearum. The results showed that the flutriafol and prothioconazole compound showed excellent antibacterial activity against F.pseudograminearum, and showed a synergistic effect within a certain mass ratio, and when the mass ratios were 1∶9 and 4∶6, the co-toxicity coefficient was the biggest in the mycelial growth and spore germination test of F.pseudograminearum, which showed synergistic effect. Meanwhile, pot experiments further showed that the control effect of the compound agent was higher than that of the single dose, and the difference was significant, when flutriafol and prothioconazole were compounded with 1∶9, it had excellent control effects on wheat crown rot, which were 86.53%, better than epoxiconazole, fluazinam, flutriafol, tebuconazole and prothioconazole with 65.21%, 42.28%, 52.38%, 31.54% and 63.64% control effects, respectively. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Several types of stem and leaf herbicides for the control effect of weeds in wheat fields in southern Zhejiang FENG Yifu, NI Ming, WANG Zhizhou, CHEN Hong, FANG Hui 2025, 66 (9):  2230-2234.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240739 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1155KB) ( 116 )   To improve the effectiveness of weed control in wheat fields and to determine its safety and weed control effects, a comparative experiment on the effect of different stem and leaf herbicides treatments for controlling weeds in wheat fields was conducted during the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage of wheat (when the dominant weed species, Alopecurus aequalis, is at the 2-leaf and 1-heart stage). The results showed that the control effect of manual spray treatment was superior to that of aerial spray treatment. When 5% azolinoxin emulsified oil (2 250 mL·hm-2) was applied in the wheat field where the absolute dominant weed population was Alopecurus aequalis, its plant control effect and fresh weight control effect against Alopecurus aequalis for 60 days was 100.00%, and the overall control effect against the weed population was over 90.00%. And the plant control effect and fresh weight control effect against the weed population of 107 g·L-1 pinoxaden triple pre-mix emulsifiable concentrate(1 950 mL·hm-2) or a combination of 5% pinoxaden emulsifiable concentrate(1 500 mL·hm-2)+200 g·L-1 fluroxypyr emulsifiable concentrate(900 mL·hm-2) was over 95.00% weed control effect. In contrast, the application of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl provided low or negative effect against the Alopecurus aequalis population in the test field, and it is not recommended for application as a stem and leaf treatment herbicide in wheat fields dominated by Alopecurus aequalis. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of preparation process for Astragalus membranaceus-Fagopyrum tataricum composite chewable tablets based on fuzzy mathematics sensory evaluation method LI Mingze, LI Guofeng, ZHANG Jihong, HUANG Yulong, LI Zhen 2025, 66 (9):  2235-2242.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250269 Abstract ( 49 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1298KB) ( 74 )   Astragalus membranaceus-Fagopyrum tataricum composite chewable tablets were prepared using Astragalus membranaceus and Fagopyrum tataricum as main raw materials, supplemented with microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin, and erythritol. Based on single-factor experiments, an orthogonal optimization test was conducted with key factors of the ratio of Astragalus membranaceus-Fagopyrum tataricum composite superfine powder, sweetener (erythritol) addition, composite filler (microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin) addition and volume fraction of moistening agent (ethanol). Palatability, flavor, appearance, and color were used as sensory evaluation indicators, and fuzzy mathematics method was used for comprehensive evaluation. The optimal process for determining the product was a 4∶5 ratio of Astragalus membranaceus-Fagopyrum tataricum composite superfine powder, 17% erythritol addition, 38% composite filler addition, and 75% ethanol volume fraction. The resulting tablets exhibited optimal quality with a fuzzy comprehensive score of 88.80, containing 96.88% dry matter, Pb and As contents below 0.20 mg·kg-1, undetectable sulfur dioxide, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and coliforms, along with 590 CFU·g-1 lactic bacteria. The chewable tablets demonstrated delicate and smooth texture with moderate crispness, distinct herbal aroma of Astragalus membranaceus and characteristic fragrance of Fagopyrum tataricum in harmonious flavor profile, uniform and dense microstructure, intact smooth surface, even color distribution without chromatic aberration, confirming their comprehensive superior quality. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of different storage methods on the chemical composition and quality of flue-cured tobacco strips after aging SHEN Hongtao, BI Shan, E Zhiying, ZHU Fuguo, ZHANG Xianguang, HU Haitian, JIANG Changyu, CHEN Yu, WANG Yanfang, LIU Ling 2025, 66 (9):  2243-2247.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240260 Abstract ( 52 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1307KB) ( 104 )   To investigate the impact of different storage methods on maintaining the quality of Longjiang 911 tobacco strips after aging, four treatments were established: T0 (natural storage in a conventional warehouse); T1 (oxygen-reduced controlled atmosphere storage in a conventional warehouse, O2 concentration ≤ 2%); T2 (natural storage in a cave warehouse); T3 (oxygen-reduced controlled atmosphere storage in a cave warehouse, O2 concentration ≤ 2%). Changes in chemical composition and quality of the Longjiang 911 tobacco strips under these storage methods were analyzed. The results indicated that over time, the pH value, total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, total alkaloids, polyphenols, and starch content of the tobacco strips in all treatments showed a fluctuating downward trend, while the iodine absorption value exhibited an increasing trend. The magnitude of change was the smallest in T3 and the largest in T0. After 24 months, the sensory quality scores of the tobacco strips decreased by 8.1, 5.3, 5.8, and 3.8 for treatments T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Regarding quality preservation, the storage methodsT1, T2, and T3 were all superior to T0. Specifically, the T3 treatment resulted in the slowest decline in tobacco strips quality, better maintaining the quality of the tobacco strips and extending its usability period. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening and evaluation of fermentation strains for Huangjiu lees YAO Xiaohong, HU Jiabi, YOU Fei, SUN Hong, ZHOU Hanghai, WANG Xin, WU Yifei, XU Huangen, TANG Jiangwu 2025, 66 (9):  2248-2252.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250250 Abstract ( 46 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1164KB) ( 78 )   Under the current context of soybean meal reduction and substitution, the development of novel protein feed resources has become a crucial task for sustainable development in animal husbandry. As a protein-rich brewing byproduct, Huangjiu lees can be converted into high-quality feed raw materials through microbial fermentation technology. This study successfully screened superior strains (B29, Yzz, and L1) with good cellulose degradation ability, high protease activity, and strong acid production function from Huangjiu lees, identified as Bacillus pumilus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Enterococcus faecium respectively. By employing mixed microbial fermentation, we further investigated the improvement effects of mixed microbial synergistic fermentation on the nutritional value of Huangjiu lees feed. The results revealed that the microbial combination B29+Yzz+L1 significantly enhanced nutritional value of Huangjiu lees feed, moisture content, lactic acid content, crude protein content, and acid-soluble protein content increased by 4.00 percentage points, 51.11%, 8.27%, and 38.52% respectively, while pH value decreased by 5.08%, viable bacterial count reached 9.3×108 CFU·g-1 after fermentation. These findings provide a novel approach for resource utilization of Huangjiu lees, providing significant implications for alleviating protein feed shortages and promoting green development in animal husbandry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive evaluation of nutritional quality of 12 mulberry leaves in Zhejiang Province LIU Yan, LIN Tianbao, WEI Jia, LIU Peigang, ZHU Yan, LYU Zhiqiang 2025, 66 (9):  2253-2259.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240613 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1313KB) ( 86 )   Mulberry leaves contain rich nutrients and various natural bioactive ingredients, which have been used in sericulture, food, and pharmacy with vast application prospect. To analyze and evaluate the nutritional quality of mulberry leaves, this study conducted nutrient composition testing on the leaves of 12 mulberries varieties in Zhejiang Province. The results showed that there were differences in the content of various nutrients among different varieties, and the coefficient of variation between different indicators was also varied. According to cluster analysis, mulberry leaves could be divided into those rich in polysaccharides and fats contents, those rich in alkaloids contents, and those rich in amino acids contents. By combining principal component analysis, correlation analysis, and the entropy weight method, the weight coefficients of the three core evaluation indicators of crude protein content, crude fiber content, and total polysaccharide content in mulberry leaf were established as 58.26%, 29.68%, and 12.06%, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation analyzed by the grey correlation weight method showed that the top two in terms of comprehensive quality were Nongsang 8 and Nongsang 14. In conclusoin, a comprehensive evaluation method for the nutrition quality of mulberry leaves was established, which will provide guidance for the evaluation of mulberry germplasm resources, selection and utilization of new varieties in the future. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on digital transformation of rice-shrimp industry—A case study of rice-shrimp in Haiyan County, Jiaxing City WANG Peng 2025, 66 (9):  2260-2263.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250337 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1119KB) ( 95 )   Taking the rice-shrimp industry in Haiyan County of Jiaxing City as the study object, this paper discusses the importance of the rice-shrimp industry to improve industrial efficiency and resource utilization through digital transformation. Based on the problems and challenges in the production efficiency, resource utilization, market competitiveness and other aspects encountered by the existing rice-shrimp industry in the digital transformation, this paper shows its effect in practical application through a practical case. The study shows that digitization has a significant effect on improving the planting efficiency, optimizing the production process and improving the resource utilization rate of the rice-shrimp industry. It can also achieve precise control through data-driven, and significantly improve the overall competitiveness of the rice-shrimp industry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the stability of interception effect of ecological ditches on nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage GE Jiaying, SHAO Jianjun, ZHUANG Haifeng, LI Jiwei, LU Yi, GAO Hongbei, SHAN Shengdao 2025, 66 (9):  2264-2270.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240466 Abstract ( 55 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (2046KB) ( 85 )   Nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage will lead to eutrophication of natural water bodies and seriously threaten the health of water environment. As the terminal treatment system of farmland drainage, ecological ditch is the key to control the transfer of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland to the natural environment, but the research on the stability of its interception effect is relatively few. This study monitored the interception effect of nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in two ecological ditches in Jinhua City, and continuously evaluated the water quality grades at different points from September to October in 2022 to 2023. The results show that Jinhua ecological ditch can continuously reduce the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in farmland drainage, and maintain effective and stable interception of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. And the interception effect in 2022 is significantly better than that in 2023, in which the constructed soil microbial plant system and the normally operating purification facilities have made important contributions to the adsorption and interception of nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients. Finally, the above-mentioned ecological ditches can improve the water quality standard of farmland drainage by 1-2 grades, and basically maintain the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in the downstream water body at class Ⅰ-Ⅲ water standards. In conclusion, Jinhua ecological ditches can effectively and stably intercept nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage, but the relevant potential influencing factors still need to be further studied. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on soil fertility characteristics in the low mountain and hilly areas of central Zhejiang XU Jiezhang, YE Chenshuai, ZHOU Qingwei, WU Weihong, TONG Xiaocui 2025, 66 (9):  2271-2279.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240686 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (10357KB) ( 119 )   In order to understand the current situation of soil fertility in different areas of the low mountain and hilly areas in central Zhejiang, 780 soil samples were collected in Yongkang City. The fertility indicators such as soil pH value, contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the overall and different areas were analyzed. The results showed that the cultivated land soil in Yongkang City had a significant acidification tendency, mainly acidic and slightly acidic overall. The contents of organic matter and total nitrogen were generally reasonable. The polarization phenomenon of available phosphorus was relatively obvious, and the available phosphorus content at only 12.56% of the sites was relatively appropriate. The overall content of available potassium was relatively low, and the available potassium content at 71.03% of the sites was lower than 120 mg·kg-1. Overall, as a typical sample of soil in the low and hilly areas of central Zhejiang Province, the soil fertility in different regions of Yongkang City varied significantly, the content of soil fertility indicators was unbalanced, and the tendency of soil acidification was relatively serious. Therefore, it is necessary to fully implement measures such as soil testing and formula fertilization in the low mountain and hilly areas of central Zhejiang, so as to balance the soil fertility level, improve the quality of cultivated land, and prevent the aggravation of soil acidification. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Opportunities and challenges of intelligent irrigation algorithms in agricultural modernization ZHANG Yi, YUAN Xiaoxiao, CAO Dongdong, HUANG Yutao, LIANG Lijun 2025, 66 (9):  2280-2286.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240734 Abstract ( 47 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1842KB) ( 84 )   With the development of agricultural modernization, traditional irrigation methods can no longer meet the demands of agricultural development. Especially, agricultural water use is still facing water resource shortages and other situations. However, intelligent irrigation technology can well achieve the rational utilization of water resources, thereby enhancing productivity and realizing sustainable agricultural development. The intelligent irrigation algorithm is the core to ensure the efficient operation and intelligence of the intelligent irrigation system. The algorithm relies on sensor technology to collect data, transmits it through wireless communication, and uses machine learning and neural networks to analyze big data to achieve precise irrigation. However, intelligent irrigation algorithms still face multiple challenges in terms of data quality, privacy protection and algorithm complexity. This paper discussed and put forward some insights on improving data quality, optimizing algorithms and implementing policy support, in order to promote the wide application of intelligent irrigation, provide certain guidance for the development direction of intelligent irrigation algorithms, and achieve agricultural modernization and sustainable development. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the path of improving soil fertility and efficient planting models in reclaimed land—A case study of ecological zone of Shuangliu District, Chengdu City ZHENG Shenghua, XU Kai, ZHOU Jin, CHEN Honglin, MA Mingkun, YANG Zepeng, AO Yuqin, LIU Dinghui 2025, 66 (9):  2287-2291.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240629 Abstract ( 46 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (6314KB) ( 113 )   The study focused on the reclaimed land in the urban ecological zone of Shuangliu District, Chengdu City. Based on the physical and chemical properties of reclaimed farmland soil, we analyzed the main obstacles that exist in the reclaimed land, and proposed effective methods on improving the fertility of reclaimed soil and efficient planting models, so as to provide reference for improving the soil quality and efficient planting models of reclaimed land in Chengdu Plain. The results showed that the soil in this area was slightly alkaline, and the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in the soil were at a deficiency level. The contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were at a relatively low to moderate level. In response to soil obstacles in the reclaimed land of this area, such as high gravel contents, shallow soil layer, poor nutrient contents, low organic matter contents, and drought, an analysis was conducted on the improvement of soil fertility and efficient planting models in Chengdu reclaimed land, adopting measures such as removing coarse and impurities, constructing arable layer, increasing organic fertilizer, rotating green manure, and increasing application of soil conditioners to eliminate soil obstacles and improve soil fertility. Finally, the efficient planting models of Chengdu reclaimed land was analyzed. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the high quality development path of agricultural industry under the guidance of “Two Mountains Theory” —A case study of Kaihua County, Zhejiang Province XU Ping, SUN Yongpeng, WANG Meiqing 2025, 66 (9):  2292-2296.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250397 Abstract ( 43 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1124KB) ( 97 )   Taking Kaihua County in Zhejiang Province as an example, this article systematically sorts out the favorable conditions and main shortcomings for the high-quality development of its agricultural industry under the guidance of the “Two Mountains Theory”, and innovatively proposes the three major concepts of establishing a broad industrial view, a broad resource view, and a broad system view. The systematic development framework, which takes the five key points of practicing green concepts, enhancing technological equipment, continuous reform and innovation, upgrading industrial levels, and cultivating new types of entities as the key points and the five empowerment paths of ecological empowerment, technological empowerment, platform empowerment, digital empowerment, and brand empowerment, aims to provide references for the high-quality development of agricultural industries in mountainous counties across the country. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on agricultural cultural heritage and the construction of regional oral culture—Taking the “forest-mushroom” co-cultivation system in Qingyuan, Zhejiang s an example WU Liang 2025, 66 (9):  2297-2303.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250090 Abstract ( 41 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1149KB) ( 94 )   Based on the perspective of regional oral culture, this paper takes the “forest-mushroom” co-cultivation system in Qingyuan, Zhejiang as an example, and combining agricultural cultural heritage with regional oral culture for study. As an integral part of living agricultural cultural heritage, the Gushan dialect and the regional oral culture derived from it, such as mushroom folk opera, mushroom folk songs, and mushroom folk proverbs, embody traditional knowledge and techniques for shiitake mushroom cultivation. Their forms are constrained by the geographical and ecological environment of the heritage site, explained and interpreted in the cognitive patterns of local farmers, and subsequently evolved into local folk cultural beliefs, which are continuously inherited and developed. With the joint efforts of government support, scientific authority recognition, and local people's recognition, the transformation process from primary and empirical language to universal demonstration expression is finally completed. This is also the process of constructing the concept of agricultural cultural heritage. This study can provide reference for the inheritance of agricultural culture and the protection of agricultural cultural heritage. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Digital rural construction, spatial spillover and common prosperity of farmers and rural areas—Based on the panel data of Yangtze river economic belt ZHANG Liaoyuan, KONG Lingcheng 2025, 66 (9):  2304-2312.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250227 Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1322KB) ( 104 )   Under the background of the vigorous development of digital economy, how to help rural revitalization and realize the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas through digital means has become an important issue to be solved urgently. Taking the Yangtze river economic belt as an example, based on effectively measuring the level of digital village construction and common prosperity of farmers and rural areas in this regional economic belt from 2010 to 2022, this paper investigated the influence of digital village construction on common prosperity of farmers and rural areas by using the spatial Durbin model. The results showed that the construction of digital countryside significantly promoted the realization of common prosperity of farmers in rural areas, which was mainly reflected in improving farmers' income level, improving rural production and living conditions and promoting the transformation and upgrading of rural industries. There were obvious regional differences in the construction of digital villages in the Yangtze river economic belt. The development level of the eastern region was relatively advanced, while the construction and application level of digital infrastructure in the central and western regions was relatively backward. The construction of digital countryside had a positive spillover effect on the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas in the surrounding areas through technology diffusion, industrial linkage and resource sharing. Based on this, government departments should make overall planning for the construction of digital villages, promote the deep integration of digital technology and rural development, and formulate differentiated policies according to the resource endowments and development levels of different regions, so as to accelerate the digital transformation of rural areas. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics