Effects of facility plantation on the physico-chemical and biological properties of orchard soils

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230840

Abstract

Abstract:

To understand the possible changes in soil fertility and soil health status of the orchards caused by facility plantation, four orchards with both facility and open field plantation were selected in Zhejiang Province. Soil samples were collected from both facility and open field from orchards and their physical, chemical, and biological indicates were characterized for comparing the differences and similarities in soil properties between two orchards. The results showed that facility plantation could lead to a decrease in pH value of the surface soil, a significant accumulation of available phosphorus, available potassium, NH₄-N, NO₃-N, and salinity, and an increase in soil compaction. The pH value of the surface soil in facility orchards was lower than those in open orchards. The average content of available phosphorus, available potassium, NH₄-N, NO₃-N, and salt in the former increased by 51.36%, 58.86%, 331.64%, and 167.45% and 41.18%, respectively, as compared with the latter. However, facility plantation had a relatively small impact on soil bulk density, organic carbon, and available nitrogen. Facility plantation reduced the content of >0.25 mm water stable aggregates of topsoil, increased the number of fungi and sucrase activity, and decreased bacterial and soil urease activity. Compared with open field plantation, facility plantation showed a decrease of 4.82%-11.82% in the content of >0.25 mm water stable aggregates in the topsoil, an increase of 19.91%-26.53% and 11.37%-38.64% in the number of soil fungi and sucrase activity, respectively. The number of soil bacteria and urease activity decreased by 20.62%-28.27% and 15.05%-22.36%, respectively.

Key words: facility orchard, physical and chemical properties, soil health, acidification, nutrient

CLC Number:

S153

WANG Ze, ZHANG Mingkui. Effects of facility plantation on the physico-chemical and biological properties of orchard soils[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(11): 2607-2611.

Figures/Tables 4

References 9

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序号	地点	地貌	土类	果园类型	园龄/ a	坡度/ (°)	成土母质
1	衢州	丘陵	红壤	柑橘	11	5	第四纪红土
2	台州	河谷	潮土	柑橘	10	2	河流冲积物
3	杭州	丘陵	紫色土	柑橘	10	10	紫砂岩风化物
4	嘉兴	水网平原	水稻土	葡萄	12	0	河湖相沉积物

序号	地点	地貌	土类	果园类型	园龄/ a	坡度/ (°)	成土母质
1	衢州	丘陵	红壤	柑橘	11	5	第四纪红土
2	台州	河谷	潮土	柑橘	10	2	河流冲积物
3	杭州	丘陵	紫色土	柑橘	10	10	紫砂岩风化物
4	嘉兴	水网平原	水稻土	葡萄	12	0	河湖相沉积物

土壤	种植模式	深度/ cm	pH值	有机碳含量/ (g·kg^-1)	盐分含量/ (g·kg^-1)	容重/ (g·cm^-3)	紧实度/ Kpa
红壤	设施	0~15	5.37±0.11 b	16.33±1.24 a	0.42±0.06 a	1.38±0.05 a	154±23 a
		>15~30	5.12±0.10 b	8.53±1.14 a	0.21±0.06 a	1.43±0.03 a	694±65 a
		>30~45	5.03±0.09 a	5.23±0.98 a	0.13±0.05 a	1.49±0.04 a	1 554±154 a
	露地	0~15	5.66±0.06 a	14.65±1.33 a	0.29±0.07 b	1.32±0.04 a	118±18 b
		>15~30	5.26±0.04 a	7.66±1.25 a	0.18±0.03 a	1.40±0.11 a	553±48 b
		>30~45	5.01±0.06 a	5.39±1.11 a	0.12±0.04 a	1.51±0.12 a	1 243±144 b
潮土	设施	0~15	5.45±0.17 b	12.45±2.14 a	0.57±0.09 a	1.40±0.03 a	124±17 a
		>15~30	5.87±0.11 b	6.59±1.24 a	0.25±0.11 a	1.46±0.08 a	537±42 a
		>30~45	6.14±0.13 a	5.14±1.39 a	0.18±0.06 a	1.52±0.13 a	1 105±69 a
	露地	0~15	5.89±0.11 a	11.05±1.04 a	0.44±0.11 a	1.37±0.03 a	96±13 a
		>15~30	5.93±0.10 a	5.97±1.52 a	0.23±0.08 a	1.44±0.13 a	443±24 b
		>30~45	6.08±0.08 a	4.68±1.05 a	0.18±0.06 a	1.53±0.12 a	867±49 b
紫色土	设施	0~15	5.86±0.13 b	9.25±1.33 a	0.56±0.17 a	1.29±0.21 a	124±22 a
		>15~30	6.12±0.12 b	5.33±0.95 a	0.29±0.11 a	1.44±0.13 a	954±103 a
		>30~45	6.49±0.13 a	4.12±1.14 a	0.21±0.12 a	1.52±0.11 a	876±112 a
	露地	0~15	6.14±0.18 a	10.12±0.89 a	0.28±0.09 b	1.32±0.07 a	105±24 a
		>15~30	6.23±0.13 a	6.59±0.74 a	0.22±0.05 a	1.46±0.15 a	866±54 b
		>30~45	6.52±0.11 a	4.32±0.63 a	0.19±0.30 a	1.54±0.13 a	897±63 b
水稻土	设施	0~15	5.62±0.10 b	15.69±1.36 a	1.31±0.03 a	1.34±0.02 a	142±12 a
		>15~30	6.03±0.09 b	8.65±0.79 a	0.65±0.19 a	1.47±0.11 a	1 120±42 a
		>30~45	6.62±0.12 a	6.52±1.24 a	0.38±0.11 a	1.52±0.12 a	1 974±53 a
	露地	0~15	5.88±0.07 a	16.32±0.79 a	1.02±0.02 a	1.37±0.03 a	113±26 a
		>15~30	6.14±0.11 a	9.32±1.32 a	0.52±0.16 a	1.45±0.14 a	1 087±52 a
		>30~45	6.63±0.14 a	7.42±1.44 a	0.41±0.12 a	1.51±0.13 a	1 679±48 b

土壤	种植模式	深度/ cm	pH值	有机碳含量/ (g·kg^-1)	盐分含量/ (g·kg^-1)	容重/ (g·cm^-3)	紧实度/ Kpa
红壤	设施	0~15	5.37±0.11 b	16.33±1.24 a	0.42±0.06 a	1.38±0.05 a	154±23 a
		>15~30	5.12±0.10 b	8.53±1.14 a	0.21±0.06 a	1.43±0.03 a	694±65 a
		>30~45	5.03±0.09 a	5.23±0.98 a	0.13±0.05 a	1.49±0.04 a	1 554±154 a
	露地	0~15	5.66±0.06 a	14.65±1.33 a	0.29±0.07 b	1.32±0.04 a	118±18 b
		>15~30	5.26±0.04 a	7.66±1.25 a	0.18±0.03 a	1.40±0.11 a	553±48 b
		>30~45	5.01±0.06 a	5.39±1.11 a	0.12±0.04 a	1.51±0.12 a	1 243±144 b
潮土	设施	0~15	5.45±0.17 b	12.45±2.14 a	0.57±0.09 a	1.40±0.03 a	124±17 a
		>15~30	5.87±0.11 b	6.59±1.24 a	0.25±0.11 a	1.46±0.08 a	537±42 a
		>30~45	6.14±0.13 a	5.14±1.39 a	0.18±0.06 a	1.52±0.13 a	1 105±69 a
	露地	0~15	5.89±0.11 a	11.05±1.04 a	0.44±0.11 a	1.37±0.03 a	96±13 a
		>15~30	5.93±0.10 a	5.97±1.52 a	0.23±0.08 a	1.44±0.13 a	443±24 b
		>30~45	6.08±0.08 a	4.68±1.05 a	0.18±0.06 a	1.53±0.12 a	867±49 b
紫色土	设施	0~15	5.86±0.13 b	9.25±1.33 a	0.56±0.17 a	1.29±0.21 a	124±22 a
		>15~30	6.12±0.12 b	5.33±0.95 a	0.29±0.11 a	1.44±0.13 a	954±103 a
		>30~45	6.49±0.13 a	4.12±1.14 a	0.21±0.12 a	1.52±0.11 a	876±112 a
	露地	0~15	6.14±0.18 a	10.12±0.89 a	0.28±0.09 b	1.32±0.07 a	105±24 a
		>15~30	6.23±0.13 a	6.59±0.74 a	0.22±0.05 a	1.46±0.15 a	866±54 b
		>30~45	6.52±0.11 a	4.32±0.63 a	0.19±0.30 a	1.54±0.13 a	897±63 b
水稻土	设施	0~15	5.62±0.10 b	15.69±1.36 a	1.31±0.03 a	1.34±0.02 a	142±12 a
		>15~30	6.03±0.09 b	8.65±0.79 a	0.65±0.19 a	1.47±0.11 a	1 120±42 a
		>30~45	6.62±0.12 a	6.52±1.24 a	0.38±0.11 a	1.52±0.12 a	1 974±53 a
	露地	0~15	5.88±0.07 a	16.32±0.79 a	1.02±0.02 a	1.37±0.03 a	113±26 a
		>15~30	6.14±0.11 a	9.32±1.32 a	0.52±0.16 a	1.45±0.14 a	1 087±52 a
		>30~45	6.63±0.14 a	7.42±1.44 a	0.41±0.12 a	1.51±0.13 a	1 679±48 b

土壤	种植模式	深度/ cm	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	水解氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	NH₄-N含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	NO₃-N含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
红壤	设施	0~15	53.24±9.87 a	98.25±10.58 a	108.56±7.98 a	25.23±3.56 a	38.25±3.67 a
		>15~30	17.58±5.32 a	86.59±6.87 a	63.59±5.23 a	11.23±2.23 a	15.69±2.65 a
		>30~45	8.24±3.52 a	72.54±5.45 a	39.87±4.34 a	5.24±1.23 a	4.56±1.45 a
	露地	0~15	35.26±6.59 b	86.95±9.78 a	98.65±12.56 a	5.98±1.87 b	9.25±2.11 b
		>15~30	11.32±3.66 a	79.68±5.98 a	56.25±6.23 a	3.25±2.01 b	3.65±1.76 b
		>30~45	6.98±2.98 a	73.25±5.33 a	35.24±5.23 a	1.25±0.65 b	1.23±0.45 b
潮土	设施	0~15	71.54±13.65 a	188.25±21.56 a	92.54±7.54 a	22.14±2.54 a	44.25±2.78 a
		>15~30	32.45±6.35 a	78.59±5.23 a	76.98±5.43 a	8.97±2.14 a	21.54±3.88 a
		>30~45	10.23±2.59 a	65.98±4.23 a	47.13±4.43 a	3.69±1.28 a	9.58±2.43 a
	露地	0~15	53.24±8.74 b	88.56±13.54 b	87.15±5.47 a	8.26±1.88 b	18.52±1.98 b
		>15~30	28.47±5.32 a	72.56±4.68 a	69.87±5.34 a	3.69±1.33 b	10.25±2.98 b
		>30~45	8.97±2.98 a	63.58±5.14 a	48.56±5.12 a	2.54±1.03 a	3.65±1.08 b
紫色土	设施	0~15	42.15±7.65 a	152.45±14.32 a	64.26±8.56 a	22.54±2.98 a	38.98±1.98 a
		>15~30	12.54±3.54 a	132.54±8.76 a	38.59±4.32 a	10.98±2.64 a	21.56±3.54 a
		>30~45	5.24±3.12 a	103.25±6.34 a	29.58±3.21 a	4.63±1.09 a	14.25±2.56 a
	露地	0~15	25.87±5.74 b	112.54±8.98 b	73.25±7.56 a	5.26±1.97 b	14.65±2.14 b
		>15~30	10.24±2.65 a	106.58±5.99 b	36.42±5.23 a	3.98±1.54 b	11.65±2.98 b
		>30~45	6.14±1.69 a	98.57±5.89 a	31.25±2.87 a	2.77±1.11 b	3.65±0.87 b
水稻土	设施	0~15	76.25±11.54 a	155.23±21.45 a	96.52±9.74 a	32.65±1.78 a	41.54±2.42 a
		>15~30	36.58±4.65 a	98.57±7.34 a	61.25±3.65 a	12.65±2.55 a	21.56±4.23 a
		>30~45	8.25±3.25 a	73.69±5.43 a	36.55±3.76 a	5.26±1.09 a	8.97±1.79 a
	露地	0~15	46.32±11.98 b	79.68±10.98 b	106.25±12.54 a	4.26±1.24 b	18.56±2.25 a
		>15~30	15.64±3.66 b	72.65±6.55 a	58.98±4.32 a	3.25±1.43 b	8.59±2.87 b
		>30~45	7.65±2.98 a	68.57±5.23 a	35.47±4.12 a	1.25±0.56 b	4.65±1.66 b