Changes of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum at different flowering stages and inflorescence opening forms

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240488

Abstract

Abstract:

In this experiment，Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum with different flowering periods and inflorescence opening forms were used as research materials，and the contents of flavonoids，phenolic compounds and polysaccharides in Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum were evaluated. The dynamic changes of the chemical constituents and their correlation with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were discussed. The content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds，as well as their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities，were all higher in the bud stage than in other stages. The total phenolic content of unopened tubular flowers of Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum was 21.23 mg·g^-1，the total flavonoids content was 15.27 mg·g^-1，the scavenging abilities of DPPH and ABTS were 65.48 and 80.63 mg·g^-1，and the NO inhibition rate was 68.76%. Under the same flowering period，the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum mostly showed the state of unopened> partially opened> fully opened；the polysaccharide content of Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum in bud stage was the lowest，and the polysaccharide content of Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum in late flowering stage was the highest，reaching 133.83 mg·g^-1. The samples were divided into three groups by cluster analysis and principal component analysis（PCA）：unopened samples at the bud stage and early flowering stage，together with partially opened samples at the bud stage，were classified into Group I. Partially opened and fully opened samples at the early flowering stage，together with unopened samples at the full flowering stage， were classified into Group Ⅱ. Partially opened and fully opened samples at the full flowering stage，as well as partially opened and fully opened samples at the late flowering stage，were classified into Group Ⅲ.Among them，luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide， luteoloside，isochlorogenic acid C，isochlorogenic acid A，and quercitrin were identified as the major differential compounds among Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum samples with different flowering stages and inflorescence opening forms. Correlation analysis results showed that phenolic and flavonoid compounds were closely correlated with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum. Specifically， luteoloside and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronic acid glycoside exhibited the strongest correlation with antioxidant activity，while cryptochlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid C demonstrated the highest correlation with anti-inflammatory activity. In conclusion，the contents of flavonoids，polyphenols and polysaccharides in Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum were affected by the flowering period and inflorescence form，and the contents of flavonoids and phenolic compounds were closely related to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Key words: Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum, flavonoid, phenolic, polysaccharides, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity

CLC Number:

S652.3

ZHANG Minda, SUN Jian, SUN Yuefang, PENG Xin, DU Weifeng, LI Xiaoning, ZHANG Wenxia, JIANG Jianming, WANG Zhi'an. Changes of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Hangzhou white Chrysanthemum at different flowering stages and inflorescence opening forms[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(5): 1256-1263.

Figures/Tables 7

References 20

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样品编号	花期	管状花开放形态	采收时间
1	蕾期	未开放	10月27日
2	蕾期	部分开放	10月27日
3	初花期	未开放	11月3日
4	初花期	部分开放	11月3日
5	初花期	全开放	11月13日
6	盛花期	未开放	11月13日
7	盛花期	部分开放	11月13日
8	盛花期	全开放	11月23日
9	晚花期	部分开放	11月23日
10	晚花期	全开放	11月23日

样品编号	花期	管状花开放形态	采收时间
1	蕾期	未开放	10月27日
2	蕾期	部分开放	10月27日
3	初花期	未开放	11月3日
4	初花期	部分开放	11月3日
5	初花期	全开放	11月13日
6	盛花期	未开放	11月13日
7	盛花期	部分开放	11月13日
8	盛花期	全开放	11月23日
9	晚花期	部分开放	11月23日
10	晚花期	全开放	11月23日

样品	绿原酸含量	隐绿原酸含量	异绿原酸A含量	异绿原酸B含量	异绿原酸C含量	总酚含量
1	5.35±0.06 a	1.00±0.01 a	8.53±0.08 a	1.12±0.01 a	5.23±0.05 a	21.23
2	5.10±0.01 b	1.00±0.01 a	8.30±0.01 a	0.85±0.01 b	4.67±0.01 a	19.91
3	4.58±0.03 c	0.87±0.01 b	8.26±0.09 b	0.83±0.01 b	4.51±0.03 b	19.05
4	4.22±0.07 d	0.70±0.01 d	6.14±0.15 e	0.49±0.01 d	3.38±0.06 d	14.94
5	4.79±0.15 c	0.61±0.03 e	6.31±0.26 e	0.51±0.03 d	3.07±0.14 e	15.27
6	4.09±0.08 de	0.76±0.01 c	6.78±0.20 d	0.58±0.01 c	3.69±0.11 c	15.89
7	4.07±0.19 de	0.62±0.02 e	6.66±0.46 d	0.57±0.03 c	3.37±0.12 d	15.28
8	4.03±0.03 e	0.41±0.01 f	6.82±0.08 d	0.52±0.01 d	2.60±0.02 f	14.38
9	4.06±0.11 de	0.60±0.02 e	7.63±0.17 c	0.60±0.03 c	3.25±0.09 d	16.18
10	3.58±0.04 f	0.34±0.01 g	8.06±0.05 b	0.52±0.01 d	2.31±0.04 g	14.79
样品	木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷含量	木犀草苷含量	槲皮苷含量	蒙花苷含量	总黄酮含量	多糖含量
1	6.52±0.05 a	4.84±0.04 a	2.49±0.06 e	1.42±0.04 a	15.27	80.05±12.01 f
2	6.35±0.02 b	4.09±0.09 b	2.58±0.01 de	1.31±0.05 a	14.33	76.63±5.06 f
3	4.86±0.07 c	3.53±0.03 c	3.02±0.07 bc	0.65±0.01 c	12.06	103.53±1.57 cd
4	3.92±0.05 e	3.10±0.12 d	2.45±0.03 e	0.67±0.01 c	10.14	108.96±7.30 c
5	3.40±0.18 f	2.78±0.10 e	2.78±0.10 cde	0.75±0.03 b	9.71	132.25±8.63 a
6	4.66±0.11 d	3.52±0.12 c	2.45±0.04 e	0.71±0.03 bc	11.34	102.61±1.33 cd
7	3.50±0.15 f	2.65±0.09 ef	2.79±0.51 cd	0.51±0.02 de	9.45	91.65±1.07 e
8	2.83±0.03 g	2.18±0.08 g	3.04±0.03 bc	0.48±0.05 ef	8.53	123.26±5.66 b
9	3.40±0.12 f	2.59±0.03 f	3.23±0.05 b	0.54±0.03 d	9.76	96.41±1.22 de
10	2.58±0.05 h	2.04±0.02 g	4.24±0.02 a	0.45±0.02 f	9.31	133.83±3.64 a

样品	绿原酸含量	隐绿原酸含量	异绿原酸A含量	异绿原酸B含量	异绿原酸C含量	总酚含量
1	5.35±0.06 a	1.00±0.01 a	8.53±0.08 a	1.12±0.01 a	5.23±0.05 a	21.23
2	5.10±0.01 b	1.00±0.01 a	8.30±0.01 a	0.85±0.01 b	4.67±0.01 a	19.91
3	4.58±0.03 c	0.87±0.01 b	8.26±0.09 b	0.83±0.01 b	4.51±0.03 b	19.05
4	4.22±0.07 d	0.70±0.01 d	6.14±0.15 e	0.49±0.01 d	3.38±0.06 d	14.94
5	4.79±0.15 c	0.61±0.03 e	6.31±0.26 e	0.51±0.03 d	3.07±0.14 e	15.27
6	4.09±0.08 de	0.76±0.01 c	6.78±0.20 d	0.58±0.01 c	3.69±0.11 c	15.89
7	4.07±0.19 de	0.62±0.02 e	6.66±0.46 d	0.57±0.03 c	3.37±0.12 d	15.28
8	4.03±0.03 e	0.41±0.01 f	6.82±0.08 d	0.52±0.01 d	2.60±0.02 f	14.38
9	4.06±0.11 de	0.60±0.02 e	7.63±0.17 c	0.60±0.03 c	3.25±0.09 d	16.18
10	3.58±0.04 f	0.34±0.01 g	8.06±0.05 b	0.52±0.01 d	2.31±0.04 g	14.79
样品	木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷含量	木犀草苷含量	槲皮苷含量	蒙花苷含量	总黄酮含量	多糖含量
1	6.52±0.05 a	4.84±0.04 a	2.49±0.06 e	1.42±0.04 a	15.27	80.05±12.01 f
2	6.35±0.02 b	4.09±0.09 b	2.58±0.01 de	1.31±0.05 a	14.33	76.63±5.06 f
3	4.86±0.07 c	3.53±0.03 c	3.02±0.07 bc	0.65±0.01 c	12.06	103.53±1.57 cd
4	3.92±0.05 e	3.10±0.12 d	2.45±0.03 e	0.67±0.01 c	10.14	108.96±7.30 c
5	3.40±0.18 f	2.78±0.10 e	2.78±0.10 cde	0.75±0.03 b	9.71	132.25±8.63 a
6	4.66±0.11 d	3.52±0.12 c	2.45±0.04 e	0.71±0.03 bc	11.34	102.61±1.33 cd
7	3.50±0.15 f	2.65±0.09 ef	2.79±0.51 cd	0.51±0.02 de	9.45	91.65±1.07 e
8	2.83±0.03 g	2.18±0.08 g	3.04±0.03 bc	0.48±0.05 ef	8.53	123.26±5.66 b
9	3.40±0.12 f	2.59±0.03 f	3.23±0.05 b	0.54±0.03 d	9.76	96.41±1.22 de
10	2.58±0.05 h	2.04±0.02 g	4.24±0.02 a	0.45±0.02 f	9.31	133.83±3.64 a