Abstract:

Anther culture is the primary method for obtaining haploid plants in pepper（Capsicum annuum L.），but it is highly genotype-dependent，and there is currently no established anther culture protocol for spiral pepper. In this study，the spiral pepper variety Bolong 37-94（Rijk Zwaan）was used as experimental material. Through screening of hormone types，optimization of hormone combinations，and pre-culture treatments，a suitable anther culture system for spiral pepper was established. Anthers of spiral pepper were collected，surface-sterilized，and then transferred to D6 medium（MS+0.5 mg·L^-1 IAA+1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA+2.0 mg·L^-1 2，4-D+1.0 mg·L^-1 KT30），followed by incubation at 35 ℃ for one day. Subsequently，the anthers were cultured under a photoperiod of 16 hours，at 24 ℃，with a light intensity of 2 000 lx until embryoids were formed. The embryoids were then transferred to MS medium and cultured until regenerated plantlets were obtained. The anther culture protocol established in this study achieved an embryoid induction rate of 5.2%. Ploidy analysis by flow cytometry confirmed that haploid plants were successfully obtained among the regenerated plantlets. This protocol provides an effective approach for accelerating pure line selection and genetic population construction in pepper.

Key words: Capsicum annuum L., anther culture, haploid