绍兴鸭小群保种效果的分子生物学监测

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20211053

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为监测绍兴鸭小群保种效果,研究利用28个微卫星对绍兴鸭核心群两个世代的120只鸭在分子水平的遗传参数进行检测分析。利用SPSS 17.0检测27、28世代间的群体遗传参数。结果表明,在分子水平上,两个世代的等位基因数、有效等位基因频率、多态信息含量、期望杂合度、表观杂合度差异均不显著;对每个世代每个座位进行哈代-温伯格检验表明,两个世代Nei氏相似性系数极高,Nei氏遗传距离极低,符合遗传规律;该保种场有效保种群体数量为182只,每代近交增量为0.27%,符合家禽每世代近交系数的增量不超过0.50%的原则。结果表明,绍兴鸭的小群保种在分子水平均无显著性变化,小群保种能够有效地保存绍兴鸭的品种特征,对水禽采用这种保种方法是可行的,可以作为监管部门保种监测的辅助手段。

关键词: 小群保种, 微卫星DNA标记, 保种监测, 绍兴鸭

中图分类号:

S834⁺.83

刘莉君, 章晓炜, 马敏彪, 陆建定, 王珍珍, 卢立志, 刘雅丽. 绍兴鸭小群保种效果的分子生物学监测[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2021, 62(10): 2091-2094.

图/表 6

参考文献 11

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座位	引物(5'—3')	退火温度/℃	序列号
APL2	F:GATTCAACCTTAGCTATCAGTCTCC R:CGCTCTTGGCAAATGTCC	60	AY498540
APL11	F:AACTACAGGGCACCTTATTTCC R:TTGCATCAGGGTCTGTATTTTC	60	AY498541
APL12	F:AGTTGACCCTAATGTCAGCATC R:AAGAGACACTGAGAAGTGCTATTG	60	AY498542
APL23	F:GAAGAGGCAGTGGCAACG R:GCTGAGATGCTCCCAGGAC	60	AY498544
APL26	F:AACAGGGATAACATGAGAAGTGG R:TGAGCAGCTGTCTGGTATCTATTC	55	AY498545
APL36	F:ATGCTTTGCTGTTGGAGAGC R:TCCACTGGGTGCAAACAAG	60	AY498546
APL83	F:GAATAAAGTAACGGGCTTCTCT R:CTGCTTGGTTTTGGAAAGT	55	AJ272583
APL82	F:GGACCTCAGGAAAATCAGTGTA R:GCAGGCAGAGCAGGAAATA	55	AJ272582
APL81	F:ATTAGAGCAGGAGTTAGGAGAC R:GCAAGAAGTGGCTTTTTTC	55	AJ272581
APL80	F:GGATGTTGCCCCACATATTT R:TTGCCTTGTTTATGAGCCATTA	58	AJ272580
APL79	F:ACATCTTTGGCATTTTGAA R:CATCCACTAGAACACAGACATT	55	AJ272579
APL78	F:AACCAAGACAGAATAATCCTTA R:GAACACAACTGCTTTGCTA	55	AJ272578
APL77	F:TCACTTGCTCTTCACTTTCTTT R:GTATGACAGCAGACACGGTAA	55	AJ272577
CMO12	F:GGATGTTGCCCCACATATTT R:TTGCCTTGTTTATGAGCCATT	58	AJ271212
CMO11	F:CTCCACTAGAACACAGACATT R:CATCTTTGGCATTTTGAAG	45	AJ271211
APH01	F:TACCTTGCTCTTCACTTTCTTT R:GTATGACAGCAGACACGGTAA	47	AJ272577
APH07	F:ACATCTTTGGCATTTTGAA R:CATCCACTAGAACACAGACATT	47	AJ272579
APH09	F:GGATGTTGCCCCACATATTT R:TTGCCTTGTTTATGAGCCATTA	55	AJ272580
APH10	F:ATTAGAGCAGGAGTTAGGAGAC R:GCAAGAAGTGGCTTTTTTC	55	AJ272581
APH11	F:GGACCTCAGGAAAATCAGTGTA R:GCAGGCAGAGCAGGAAATA	55	AJ272582
APH14	F:GAATAAAGTAACGGGCTTCTCT R:CTGCTTGGTTTTGGAAAGT	47	AJ272583
SMO6	F:GGGGTGGGAAAGAAGCAGTTTAG R:TCCTGGGACTTTGAAAGTGGCTC	58	AJ427846
SMO7	F:TTTTCACCCAGTTCACTTCAGCC R:GATTCAAATTTGCCGCAGGATTA	55	AJ427847
SMO9	F:TTTGGAGTTTGGAGTTCGTGGGG R:ATTTCCCTGCAAAACTTACGGCA	58	AJ427849
SMO10	F:TCCTAGCGACAGCAATTCTAATG R:CATTGTTCATTGTTTCTTCTTCA	55	AJ427850
SMO11	F:AAATCAACCAAAGAGGCATAGCC R:GCAGTTGTTTTGGAGGACAGACA	68	AJ427851
SMO12	F:CCTGGTGGGATAGGTTTAAAATG R:TGTTCATCAAAAGCAGAGAGGGG	47	AJ427852
SMO13	F:ACCATCTTCCTTTCCTCCCAACC R:GGGCTTGAGGCATACACTCCCTA	58	AJ427853

座位	引物(5'—3')	退火温度/℃	序列号
APL2	F:GATTCAACCTTAGCTATCAGTCTCC R:CGCTCTTGGCAAATGTCC	60	AY498540
APL11	F:AACTACAGGGCACCTTATTTCC R:TTGCATCAGGGTCTGTATTTTC	60	AY498541
APL12	F:AGTTGACCCTAATGTCAGCATC R:AAGAGACACTGAGAAGTGCTATTG	60	AY498542
APL23	F:GAAGAGGCAGTGGCAACG R:GCTGAGATGCTCCCAGGAC	60	AY498544
APL26	F:AACAGGGATAACATGAGAAGTGG R:TGAGCAGCTGTCTGGTATCTATTC	55	AY498545
APL36	F:ATGCTTTGCTGTTGGAGAGC R:TCCACTGGGTGCAAACAAG	60	AY498546
APL83	F:GAATAAAGTAACGGGCTTCTCT R:CTGCTTGGTTTTGGAAAGT	55	AJ272583
APL82	F:GGACCTCAGGAAAATCAGTGTA R:GCAGGCAGAGCAGGAAATA	55	AJ272582
APL81	F:ATTAGAGCAGGAGTTAGGAGAC R:GCAAGAAGTGGCTTTTTTC	55	AJ272581
APL80	F:GGATGTTGCCCCACATATTT R:TTGCCTTGTTTATGAGCCATTA	58	AJ272580
APL79	F:ACATCTTTGGCATTTTGAA R:CATCCACTAGAACACAGACATT	55	AJ272579
APL78	F:AACCAAGACAGAATAATCCTTA R:GAACACAACTGCTTTGCTA	55	AJ272578
APL77	F:TCACTTGCTCTTCACTTTCTTT R:GTATGACAGCAGACACGGTAA	55	AJ272577
CMO12	F:GGATGTTGCCCCACATATTT R:TTGCCTTGTTTATGAGCCATT	58	AJ271212
CMO11	F:CTCCACTAGAACACAGACATT R:CATCTTTGGCATTTTGAAG	45	AJ271211
APH01	F:TACCTTGCTCTTCACTTTCTTT R:GTATGACAGCAGACACGGTAA	47	AJ272577
APH07	F:ACATCTTTGGCATTTTGAA R:CATCCACTAGAACACAGACATT	47	AJ272579
APH09	F:GGATGTTGCCCCACATATTT R:TTGCCTTGTTTATGAGCCATTA	55	AJ272580
APH10	F:ATTAGAGCAGGAGTTAGGAGAC R:GCAAGAAGTGGCTTTTTTC	55	AJ272581
APH11	F:GGACCTCAGGAAAATCAGTGTA R:GCAGGCAGAGCAGGAAATA	55	AJ272582
APH14	F:GAATAAAGTAACGGGCTTCTCT R:CTGCTTGGTTTTGGAAAGT	47	AJ272583
SMO6	F:GGGGTGGGAAAGAAGCAGTTTAG R:TCCTGGGACTTTGAAAGTGGCTC	58	AJ427846
SMO7	F:TTTTCACCCAGTTCACTTCAGCC R:GATTCAAATTTGCCGCAGGATTA	55	AJ427847
SMO9	F:TTTGGAGTTTGGAGTTCGTGGGG R:ATTTCCCTGCAAAACTTACGGCA	58	AJ427849
SMO10	F:TCCTAGCGACAGCAATTCTAATG R:CATTGTTCATTGTTTCTTCTTCA	55	AJ427850
SMO11	F:AAATCAACCAAAGAGGCATAGCC R:GCAGTTGTTTTGGAGGACAGACA	68	AJ427851
SMO12	F:CCTGGTGGGATAGGTTTAAAATG R:TGTTCATCAAAAGCAGAGAGGGG	47	AJ427852
SMO13	F:ACCATCTTCCTTTCCTCCCAACC R:GGGCTTGAGGCATACACTCCCTA	58	AJ427853

座位	等位基因数		优势等位基因频率/%
座位	F27	F28	F27	F28
ADL136	6	7	53.12	54.09
APL2	8	7	29.65	29.03
APL11	11	10	63.87	62.68
APL12	6	7	30.32	31.27
APL23	12	10	35.76	37.87
APL26	8	9	51.38	48.38
APL36	12	12	25.87	27.73
APL83	6	6	63.87	62.39
APL82	2	3	93.82	88.38
APL81	8	7	50.38	48.98
APL80	5	7	40.28	40.83
APL79	8	10	21.84	22.47
APL78	7	9	50.37	44.85
APL77	9	11	45.37	39.47
CMO12	10	9	42.84	37.48
CMO11	4	4	43.81	38.71
APH01	4	5	37.82	53.48
APH07	4	6	68.28	65.01
APH09	7	5	58.93	58.12
APH10	3	3	67.83	69.38
APH11	7	9	30.84	32.84
APH14	9	11	40.83	41.84
SMO6	12	10	40.72	48.38
SMO7	3	2	60.38	56.38
SMO9	14	16	30.48	31.47
SMO10	11	9	40.28	41.48
SMO11	10	11	28.84	27.47
SMO12	5	7	50.38	51.37
SMO13	8	7	41.38	42.47

座位	等位基因数		优势等位基因频率/%
座位	F27	F28	F27	F28
ADL136	6	7	53.12	54.09
APL2	8	7	29.65	29.03
APL11	11	10	63.87	62.68
APL12	6	7	30.32	31.27
APL23	12	10	35.76	37.87
APL26	8	9	51.38	48.38
APL36	12	12	25.87	27.73
APL83	6	6	63.87	62.39
APL82	2	3	93.82	88.38
APL81	8	7	50.38	48.98
APL80	5	7	40.28	40.83
APL79	8	10	21.84	22.47
APL78	7	9	50.37	44.85
APL77	9	11	45.37	39.47
CMO12	10	9	42.84	37.48
CMO11	4	4	43.81	38.71
APH01	4	5	37.82	53.48
APH07	4	6	68.28	65.01
APH09	7	5	58.93	58.12
APH10	3	3	67.83	69.38
APH11	7	9	30.84	32.84
APH14	9	11	40.83	41.84
SMO6	12	10	40.72	48.38
SMO7	3	2	60.38	56.38
SMO9	14	16	30.48	31.47
SMO10	11	9	40.28	41.48
SMO11	10	11	28.84	27.47
SMO12	5	7	50.38	51.37
SMO13	8	7	41.38	42.47

基因座位	27世代			28世代
基因座位	PIC	He	Ho	PIC	He	Ho
CKW14	0.369 1	0.418 2	0.472 9	0.382 6	0.502 7	0.592 7
APL2	0.283 9	0.368 1	0.428 3	0.219 8	0.374 8	0.284 0
APL11	0.648 3	0.719 3	0.748 2	0.749 1	0.813 7	0.739 2
APL12	0.673 8	0.749 2	0.846 2	0.607 4	0.739 1	0.846 2
APL23	0.683 1	0.748 2	0.492 7	0.728 4	0.813 7	0.537 1
APL26	0.497 8	0.593 7	0.937 2	0.547 3	0.607 4	0.947 3
APL36	0.402 8	0.528 3	0.497 3	0.384 7	0.437 2	0.462 8
APL83	0.362 8	0.472 9	0.372 7	0.374 6	0.462 8	0.364 8
APL82	0.748 3	0.793 7	0.742 7	0.682 9	0.734 2	0.584 7
APL81	0.538 2	0.638 2	0.946 2	0.563 8	0.638 4	0.964 8
APL80	0.482 9	0.593 7	0.643 8	0.593 7	0.684 6	0.374 8
APL79	0.374 8	0.497 3	0.379 2	0.327 8	0.384 6	0.384 7
APL78	0.673 9	0.749 3	0.639 2	0.593 7	0.674 9	0.639 2
APL77	0.429 3	0.503 8	0.638 1	0.465 8	0.532 9	0.649 3
CMO12	0.247 8	0.294 7	0.452 8	0.234 9	0.284 8	0.449 2
CMO11	0.827 4	0.857 3	0.784 9	0.804 7	0.842 9	0.746 1
APH01	0.467 2	0.538 2	0.478 2	0.458 2	0.528 4	0.503 7
APH07	0.348 2	0.364 8	0.538 2	0.354 8	0.374 9	0.480 2
APH09	0.683 2	0.704 8	0.639 8	0.673 9	0.683 7	0.613 9
APH10	0.438 2	0.472 9	0.793 1	0.404 7	0.452 8	0.746 2
APH11	0.846 2	0.868 2	0.478 2	0.813 8	0.834 7	0.492 7
APH14	0.184 2	0.208 4	0.172 9	0.197 4	0.228 4	0.194 7
SMO6	0.783 9	0.804 7	0.638 2	0.769 2	0.794 7	0.639 4
SMO7	0.473 2	0.503 8	0.498 2	0.472 9	0.518 4	0.528 1
SMO9	0.827 3	0.847 3	0.548 9	0.804 7	0.834 7	0.582 9
SMO10	0.487 3	0.504 7	0.489 2	0.479 3	0.593 7	0.496 3
SMO11	0.748 2	0.773 8	0.638 2	0.739 2	0.762 8	0.629 4
SMO12	0.384 7	0.418 3	0.649 2	0.394 7	0.428 4	0.628 3
SMO13	0.684 2	0.704 8	0.638 2	0.658 3	0.679 2	0.638 1

绍兴鸭小群保种效果的分子生物学监测

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[1]	宋雪花;孙菊英;吕钢进;麻丽坤;刘玮孟;. 绍兴鸭品系间的遗传结构分析[J]. , 2010, 1(06): 1403-1406.
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[3]	卢立志;陶争荣;王应龙;张存;赵爱珍;沈军达;徐坚 . 绍兴鸭青壳系世代选育[J]. , 2002, 1(04): 0-201.

世代	27世代	28世代
27世代	^****	0.991 5
28世代	0.008 5	^****

世代	27世代	28世代
27世代	^****	0.991 5
28世代	0.008 5	^****