RNA干扰在农林病虫害防治中的研究与应用

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240443

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

RNA干扰(RNAi)是一种利用双链RNA或小干扰RNA特异性降解或抑制靶基因mRNA表达的生物过程。近年来,RNAi凭借其特异性强、选择性高的优势,广泛应用于农林病虫害研究和防治中。本文系统总结了RNAi在农林病虫害防治中的几种主要应用方式,包括喷雾诱导基因沉默、病毒诱导基因沉默、寄主诱导基因沉默以及纳米载体递送介导的基因沉默;概括了RNAi在农林病虫害防治领域中的最新研究进展与应用现状;针对当前RNAi在农林病虫害防治领域中的突出问题进行了探讨,并提出相应的建议;最后,对RNAi在农林病虫害防控中的未来发展方向作出了展望。基于RNAi的农林病虫害防治策略有望为农林作物保护注入新的活力,推动农业与林业的可持续发展。

关键词: RNA干扰, 农林病虫害, 靶基因

Abstract:

RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process that utilizes double-stranded RNA or small interfering RNA to specifically degrade or inhibit the expression of target gene mRNA. In recent years, due to its high specificity and selectivity, RNAi has been widely applied in the research and control of agricultural and forestry pests and diseases. This paper systematically summarized the main application approaches of RNAi in agricultural and forestry pest and disease control, including spray-induced gene silencing, virus-induced gene silencing, host-induced gene silencing, and nanocarriers delivered gene silencing. It also summarized the latest research progress and current application of RNAi in this field, discussed prominent challenges according to existing studies, and proposed corresponding recommendations. Finally, future development directions for RNAi in the prevention and control of agricultural and forestry pests and diseases are outlined. RNAi-based prevention and control strategies for agricultural and forestry pests and diseases are expected to bring new vitality to the protection of agricultural and forestry crops, thereby promoting the sustainable development of agriculture and forestry.

Key words: RNA interference, agricultural and forestry pests and disease, target gene

中图分类号:

崔灿, 李晓娟. RNA干扰在农林病虫害防治中的研究与应用[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(12): 3036-3043.

CUI Can, LI Xiaojuan. Research and application of RNA interference in the prevention and control of agricultural and forestry pests and diseases[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(12): 3036-3043.

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