浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (10): 2360-2363.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250429

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

驻马店市玉米单株产量与农艺性状的综合分析

张军刚(), 许波, 王肖凤, 郭海斌, 王成业, 王友华, 段武林, 冯晓曦()   

  1. 驻马店市农业科学院,河南 驻马店 463000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-17 出版日期:2026-10-11 发布日期:2026-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 冯晓曦
  • 作者简介:冯晓曦,E-mail:feng_xiaoxi@163.com。
    张军刚,主要从事玉米育种及栽培技术研究工作。E-mail:jungang39@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省玉米产业技术体系驻马店综合试验站项目(HARS-22-02-06);河南省科技攻关计划项目(252102110289);驻马店市重大科技专项(ZMDSZDZX2023005)

Comprehensive analysis on yield per plant and agronomic traits of maize in Zhumadian

ZHANG Jungang(), XU Bo, WANG Xiaofeng, GUO Haibin, WANG Chengye, WANG Youhua, DUAN Wulin, FENG Xiaoxi()   

  1. Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhumadian 463000,Henan
  • Received:2025-06-17 Online:2026-10-11 Published:2026-10-19
  • Contact: FENG Xiaoxi

摘要:

为深入了解玉米主要农艺性状对单株产量的影响,进而为筛选、培育高产玉米品种提供科学依据,本研究对自主选育的96个玉米杂交组合的单株产量及主要农艺性状进行了相关分析、多元线性逐步回归分析和通径分析。结果表明,96个玉米杂交组合的单株产量和10个农艺性状的遗传变异系数变幅为6.16%~79.22%,其中变异系数最大的是秃尖长,穗粗的变异系数最小。单株产量与穗粗、穗位高、穗行数、行粒数、雄穗分枝数、穗长呈极显著(p<0.01)正相关,与株高呈显著(p<0.05)正相关,与秃尖长呈显著负相关。通过建立玉米单株产量(Y)与农艺性状的多元回归方程,得到最优回归方程为Y=-135.672+3.580X6+0.379X2+1.489X8,其中,X6、X2、X8分别表示穗粗、穗位高、行粒数。对玉米单株产量直接通径系数最大的农艺性状为穗粗(0.430),其次为穗位高(0.250)和行粒数(0.240)。在驻马店市选育高产玉米品种,应重视穗粗、穗位高和行粒数3个性状,同时也应考虑各性状之间的关联。

关键词: 玉米, 单株产量, 农艺性状, 相关分析, 回归分析, 通径分析

Abstract:

To gain a deeper understanding of the effects of major agronomic traits on yield per plant in maize,and to provide a scientific basis for screening and breeding high-yield varieties,this study conducted correlation analysis,multiple linear stepwise regression analysis,and path analysis on yield per plant and major agronomic traits of 96 self-bred maize hybrid combinations. The results showed that the genetic variation coefficients of yield per plant and the 10 agronomic traits across the 96 maize hybrid combinations ranged from 6.16% to 79.22%,among which the variation coefficient of bare tip length was the largest,while that of ear diameter was the smallest. Yield per plant was highly significantly (p<0.01)positively correlated with ear diameter,ear height,kernel row number,kernels per row,tassel branch number,and ear length;significantly(p<0.01)positively correlated with plant height;significantly negatively correlated with bare tip length. Through the establishment of a multiple regression equation for yield per plant of maize and agronomic traits,the optimal regression equation was obtained as Y=-135.672+3.580X?+0.379X?+1.489X?,in which X?,X?,X? represented ear diameter,ear height,kernels per row,respecitvely. The agronomic trait with the largest direct path coefficient to yield per plant of maize was ear diameter(0.430),followed by ear height(0.250)and kernels per row(0.240). In the breeding of high-yield maize varieties in Zhumadian City,more attention should be paid to the three traits of ear diameter,ear height,and kernels per row,while also taking the interrelationships among the traits into account.

Key words: maize, yield per plant, agronomic trait, correlation analysis, regression analysis, path analysis

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