太湖流域典型农区施肥强度组成特征及影响因素——以苏州太湖生态岛为例

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240297

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (5): 1277-1281.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240297

太湖流域典型农区施肥强度组成特征及影响因素——以苏州太湖生态岛为例

杨秋平¹^,²(), 陆丽华³, 惠武彬⁴, 姜光明¹, 许俊伟¹, 朱瑞鼎³, 魏心燕², 施林林²^,^*()

1.苏州市吴中区农业环境与土壤肥料站,江苏苏州 215103
2.苏州市农业科学院,江苏苏州 215155
3.苏州市吴中区金庭镇农林服务中心,江苏苏州 215111
4.吴中区农业科技教育指导站,江苏苏州 215103

收稿日期:2024-04-10 出版日期:2025-05-11 发布日期:2025-05-20
通讯作者: 施林林(1982—),副研究员,博士,主要从事农业生态研究,E-mail:linls@jaas.ac.cn。
作者简介:杨秋平(1976—),农艺师,本科,主要从事农业资源与环境研究,E-mail:51672033@qq.com。
基金资助:
江苏省自主创新基金项目(CX〔22〕3005);苏州市农业科技创新项目(SNG2021015)

Composition characteristics of fertilization intensity and influencing factors in typical agricultural region in the Taihu Lake basin—taking Suzhou Taihu eco-island as an example

YANG Qiuping¹^,²(), LU Lihua³, HUI Wubin⁴, JIANG Guangming¹, XU Junwei¹, ZHU Ruiding³, WEI Xinyan², SHI Linlin²^,^*()

1. Agricultural Environment and Soil Fertilizer Station of Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215103, Jiangsu
2. Suzhou Academy of Agriculture Science, Suzhou 215155, Jiangsu
3. Jinting Town Agriculture and Forestry Service Center, Suzhou 215111, Jiangsu
4. Agricultural Science and Technology Education Guide Station of Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215103, Jiangsu

Received:2024-04-10 Online:2025-05-11 Published:2025-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为进一步推动太湖流域化肥减量替代,选择太湖生态岛作为研究对象,在2020年10—12月实地走访调研200户经营主体,并对太湖生态岛内施肥强度组成特征和影响因素进行分析。结果表明,截至2020年,太湖生态岛总施肥强度仍处于较高水平,平均总施肥强度为735.6 kg·hm^-2,其中平均化肥施肥强度为486.6 kg·hm^-2,平均有机肥施肥强度为321.0 kg·hm^-2,平均有机肥替代率为37.01%。对总施肥强度影响最大的作物类型是果树和蔬菜,影响最大的肥料类型正从化肥转变为有机肥,影响最大的养分从氮素转为磷钾。考虑到太湖生态岛建设要求,建议结合作物需肥特点和农业面源污染防控要点,继续稳步推进化肥减量,同时进一步推动有机肥替代化肥。

关键词: 太湖生态岛, 施肥强度, 有机肥替代率

Abstract:

In order to further promote the replacement of fertilizer reduction in Taihu Lake basin, Taihu eco-island was selected as the study object, and 200 business operators were visited and investigated from October to December 2020, and the composition characteristics and influencing factors of fertilizer intensity in Taihu eco-island were analyzed. The results showed that by 2020, the total fertilization intensity of Taihu eco-island was still at a relatively high level, with an average total fertilization intensity of 735.6 kg·hm^-2, among which the average fertilizer fertilization intensity was 486.6 kg·hm^-2. The average fertilization intensity of organic fertilizer was 321.0 kg·hm^-2, and the average organic fertilizer substitution rate was 37.01%. Fruit trees and vegetables are the crops that have the greatest impact on the total fertilization intensity. The fertilizer type that has the greatest impact is changing from chemical fertilizer to organic fertilizer, and the nutrient that has the greatest impact is changing from nitrogen to phosphorus and potassium. Considering the requirements for the construction of Taihu eco-island, it is suggested to combine the characteristics of crop fertilizer demand and the prevention and control points of agricultural non-point source pollution, continue to steadily promote the reduction of fertilizer, and further promote the replacement of organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer.

Key words: Taihu eco-island, fertilization intensity, organic fertilizer substitution rate

中图分类号:

S143

杨秋平, 陆丽华, 惠武彬, 姜光明, 许俊伟, 朱瑞鼎, 魏心燕, 施林林. 太湖流域典型农区施肥强度组成特征及影响因素——以苏州太湖生态岛为例[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(5): 1277-1281.

YANG Qiuping, LU Lihua, HUI Wubin, JIANG Guangming, XU Junwei, ZHU Ruiding, WEI Xinyan, SHI Linlin. Composition characteristics of fertilization intensity and influencing factors in typical agricultural region in the Taihu Lake basin—taking Suzhou Taihu eco-island as an example[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(5): 1277-1281.

图/表 5

图1 苏州太湖生态岛农作物施肥强度分布

Fig.1 Distribution of total fertilization intensity for agricultural crops in Suzhou Taihu eco-Island

图2 苏州太湖生态岛化肥与有机肥施肥强度柱上无相同小写字母表示组间差异显著(P<0.05),图3同。

Fig.2 Fertilization intensity of chemical and organic fertilizers in Suzhou Taihu eco-island

图3 苏州太湖生态岛不同作物氮、磷、钾施肥强度比较

Fig.3 Comparison of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilization intensity for different crops in Suzhou Taihu eco-island

图4 苏州太湖生态岛有机肥、化肥与总施肥强度关系红色和蓝色线分别为95%预测区间与95%置信区间,图5同。

Fig.4 Relationship between fertilization intensity of organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and total fertilization intensity in Suzhou Taihu eco-island

图5 苏州太湖生态岛氮、磷、钾施肥强度与总施肥强度关系

Fig.5 Relationship between nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilization intensity and total fertilization intensity in Suzhou Taihu eco-island

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太湖流域典型农区施肥强度组成特征及影响因素——以苏州太湖生态岛为例

Composition characteristics of fertilization intensity and influencing factors in typical agricultural region in the Taihu Lake basin—taking Suzhou Taihu eco-island as an example

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