浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (9): 2214-2218.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230673

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物肥料登记现状的初步分析

翟修彩()   

  1. 福建三炬生物科技股份有限公司,福建 厦门 361000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-27 出版日期:2024-09-11 发布日期:2024-09-11
  • 作者简介:翟修彩,女,黑龙江桦南人,农艺师,硕士,从事新型肥料研发及应用工作,E-mail: zhaixiucaigx@126.com。

Preliminary analysis of the review on registration of microbial fertilizer

ZHAI Xiucai()   

  1. Fujian Sanju Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361000, Fujian
  • Received:2023-06-27 Online:2024-09-11 Published:2024-09-11

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摘要：

在农业农村部获得肥料登记证的企业方可生产微生物肥料,分析产品登记现状有助于了解产业发展形势。该研究梳理了截至2022年6月的微生物肥料登记数据,统计分析了登记的产品类别、企业数量、地区分布和有效菌菌数等。由覆盖全国的3 478家企业取得9 980个微生物肥料有效登记证,共计3个品类、10种产品、3种剂型,登记较多的产品是微生物菌剂(48.1%)、生物有机肥(29.3%)和复合微生物肥料(17.5%)。2018年随着肥料登记政策放宽,微生物肥料产业迅速扩增,当年登记量高达3 794个,此后每年登记1 000个以上,近5年登记量占总量的86%。微生物肥料产业集中于河南、山东、黑龙江、河北、陕西、辽宁、湖北、广东、内蒙古、广西、新疆,企业数和产品数均占全国的70%以上。仅3.1%的企业获得10个及以上登记证,最多获证35个,而84.7%的企业仅有1~4个登记证。登记菌数集中在<10亿CFU·g-1,具体为<10亿~0.2亿CFU·g-1占92.39%,<100亿~10亿CFU·g-1占6.17%,<1 000亿~100亿CFU·g-1占0.98%,≥1 000亿CFU·g-1占0.46%。枯草芽孢杆菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌等可生产1 000亿CFU·g-1及以上高菌数产品,最高的为解淀粉芽孢杆菌≥6 000亿CFU·g-1,其次为枯草芽孢杆菌≥5 000亿CFU·g-1。综合来看,我国微生物肥料产业进入快速、平稳发展时期,但低菌数产品居多,多数企业产品种类单一,研制高菌数、高稳定性优质产品是今后占据微生物肥料市场份额的一条主要途径。

关键词: 微生物肥料, 肥料登记证, 企业, 地区, 菌数

Abstract:

Microbial fertilizer enterprises need to obtain the fertilizer registration certificate. Analyzing the registration status helps to understand the development situation of the industry. The research reviewed the registration data of microbial fertilizers up to June 2022, and analyzed the types of the registered products, the number of enterprises, the regional distribution of enterprises and the microbial count of the products. In total, 9 980 valid registration certificates were obtained by 3 478 enterprises covering nationwide. There were 3 categories, 10 products and 3 forms of microbial fertilizers, the more products were microbial inoculants (48.1%), microbial organic fertilizers (29.3%) and compound microbial fertilizers (17.5%). In 2018, with the relaxation of policy, the microbial fertilizer industry expanded rapidly, with 3 794 registrations. Since then, more than 1 000 registrations have been registered yearly, accounting for 86% of the total registrations in the past five years. The microbial fertilizer industry distributed widely in Henan, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Hubei, Guangdong, Inner Mongolia, Guangxi and Xinjiang, with the number of enterprise and product accounting for more than 70% of the country. Only 3.1% of enterprises have obtained 10 or more registration certificates, with 35 certificates at most, while 84.7% of enterprises have only obtained 1 to 4. Most of the microbial count were less than 1 billion, with <1 billion-0.02 billion CFU·g-1accounting for 92.39%, <10 billion-1 billion CFU·g-1 accounting for 6.17%, <100 billion-10 billion CFU·g-1 accounting for 0.98%, and ≥100 billion CFU·g-1 accounting for 0.46%. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amylolyticus and Bacillus licheniformis could produce 100 billion CFU·g-1 or more, the highest was Bacillus amylolyticus ≥600 billion CFU·g-1, followed by Bacillus subtilis ≥500 billion CFU·g-1. Taken together, the microbial fertilizer industry has entered a period of rapid and stable development, but most of the products are low in microbial count, and most enterprises have a single product category. Developing high-quality products with high strain count and high stability maybe a major way to occupy the market share of microbial fertilizer in the future.

Key words: microbial fertilizer, fertilizer registration certificate, enterprise, region, microbial count

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