混播对蒙古冰草构件分配及表型性状的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240180

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

豆科和禾本科牧草混播对提升牧草质量和草地生产力具有重要作用。本研究通过盆栽试验,基于蒙古冰草和牛枝子12∶0(M12N0)、8∶4(M8N4)和4∶8(M4N8)3个混播比例,研究不同混播模式下蒙古冰草个体生物量、构件分配及叶片和根系性状的变化。蒙古冰草的个体总生物量、根生物量、根冠比均以M8N4处理较高;叶生物量随着蒙古冰草在混播中比例的减少而降低,以M12N0处理最高,每株0.50 g,显著高于M8N4和M4N8处理(P<0.05)。蒙古冰草的叶长和叶面积以M12N0处理最高,M8N4处理最低;比叶面积、叶干物质含量和叶厚则以M8N4处理较高。蒙古冰草的根系平均直径以M12N0处理最高;根长、比根长、根表面积和根分叉数均以M4N8处理最高,显著高于M12N0和M8N4处理;根体积和根尖数以M8N4处理较高。随着蒙古冰草在混播中比例的增加,蒙古冰草的根长和比根长有所降低。不同混播模式下,蒙古冰草可以通过构件资源分配的调整及部分叶片和根系性状的可塑性变化增强竞争力,保证自身的生长发育。本研究为退化草地的修复提供一定的理论指导。

关键词: 豆禾混播, 混播比例, 构件分配, 叶片性状, 根系构型

Abstract:

Mixed sowing of leguminous and gramineous forage plays an important role in improving forage quality and grassland productivity. A pot experiment was conducted to study the changes of individual biomass, component allocation, leaf traits and root traits of A. mongolicum based on the mixed sowing ratios of Agropyron mongolicum and Lespedeza potaninii with 12∶0 (M12N0), 8∶4 (M8N4) and 4∶8 (M4N8). The total individual biomass, root biomass, and root-shoot ratio of A. mongolicum were all higher under M8N4 treatment. The leaf biomass decreased with the decrease of the proportion of A. mongolicum in mixed sowing, and the highest was in the M12N0 treatment, with 0.50 g per plant, which was significantly higher than those under M8N4 and M4N8 treatments (P<0.05). The leaf length and area of A. mongolicum were the highest under M12N0 treatment and the lowest under M8N4 treatment. The specific leaf area, dry matter content and leaf thickness under M8N4 treatment were higher. The average root diameter of A. mongolicum was the highest under M12N0 treatment. The root length, specific root length, root surface area and root bifurcation number were the highest under M4N8 treatment, which were significantly higher than those under M12N0 and M8N4 treatments. The root volume and number of root tips under M8N4 treatment were high. With the increase of the proportion of A.mongolicum in mixed sowing the root length and specific root length of A. mongolicum decreased.Under different mixed sowing modes, the competitiveness of A.mongolicum can be enhanced by adjusting the component resource allocation and the plasticity of leaf traits and root traits, so as to ensure its growth and development. This study provides theoretical guidance for the restoration of degraded grasslands.

Key words: mixed sowing of leguminous and gramineous forage, mixed sowing ratio, component allocation, leaf traits, root structure

中图分类号:

S543

马媛, 许冬梅, 李永康, 撒春宁, 常怡然, 康如龙. 混播对蒙古冰草构件分配及表型性状的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(6): 1404-1411.

MA Yuan, XU Dongmei, LI Yongkang, SA Chunning, CHANG Yiran, KANG Rulong. Effect of mixed sowing on component allocation and phenotypic traits of Agropyron mongolicum[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(6): 1404-1411.

图/表 8

表1 不同混播处理蒙古冰草个体总生物量及各构件生物量

Table 1 Individual total biomass and each component biomass of A. mongolicum under different mixed sowing treatments 单位:g

处理	个体总生物量	地上生物量	根生物量	茎生物量	叶生物量
M12N0	1.70±0.10 A	0.78±0.02 A	0.92±0.10 A a	0.28±0.02 A b	0.50±0.02 A b
M8N4	1.87±0.16 A	0.63±0.13 AB	1.23±0.13 A a	0.28±0.02 A b	0.36±0.05 B b
M4N8	1.40±0.12 A	0.58±0.06 B	0.82±0.10 A a	0.24±0.03 A b	0.34±0.03 B b

图1 不同混播处理蒙古冰草各构件生物量分配比例及根冠比同组柱上无相同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05),图2~6同。

Fig.1 Biomass allocation ratio of each compenent and root-shoot ratio of A.mongolicum under different mixed sowing treatments

图2 不同混播处理蒙古冰草的叶长、叶宽和叶片厚度的变化

Fig.2 Changes of leaf length, leaf width and leaf thickness of A.mongolicum under different mixed sowing treatments

图3 不同混播处理蒙古冰草的叶干物质含量、叶面积和比叶面积的变化

Fig.3 Changes of dry matter content in leaf, leaf area and specific leaf area of A. mongolicum under different mixed sowing treatments

图4 不同混播处理蒙古冰草的根长、比根长和根系平均直径的变化

Fig.4 Changes of root length, specific root length and average root diameter of A. mongolicum under different mixed sowing treatments

图5 不同混播处理蒙古冰草的根表面积和根体积的变化

Fig.5 Changes of root surface area and root volume of A. mongolicum under different mixed sowing treatments

图6 不同混播处理蒙古冰草的根尖数和根分叉数的变化

Fig.6 Changes of root tip number and root bifurcation number of A. mongolicum under different mixed sowing treatments

图7 蒙古冰草构件生物量、叶片性状与根系构型之间的相关性 RB—根生物量;SB—茎生物量;LB—叶生物量;R/T—根冠比;LL—叶长;LW—叶宽;LT—叶厚;LDMC—叶干物质含量;LA—叶面积;SLA—比叶面积;RL—根长;SRL—比根长;RD—根系平均直径;RSA—根表面积;RV—根体积;RTP—根尖数;RF—根分叉数。

Fig.7 The correlation among component biomass, leaf traits and root structure of A. mongolicum

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