浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (7): 1632-1636.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250864

• 禾谷类作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植密度与施肥量对春播黄金小玉米产量和农艺性状的影响

赵文明1(), 盛磊2, 牛丽影3, 宋立晓4, 张美景1, 崔亚坤1, 陈艳萍1()   

  1. 1.江苏省农业科学院 种质资源与生物技术研究所，江苏 南京 210014
    2.常熟市董浜农业旅游发展有限公司，江苏 常熟 215535
    3.江苏省农业科学院 农产品加工研究所，江苏 南京 210014
    4.江苏省农业科学院 农产品质量安全与营养研究所，江苏 南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-24 出版日期:2026-07-11 发布日期:2026-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 陈艳萍
  • 作者简介:陈艳萍，E-mail：chenyp@jaas.ac.cn。
    赵文明，主要从事鲜食玉米种质创新与新品种选育研究。E-mail：breeding2005@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目（CX〔23〕1018）

Effects of planting density and fertilization application rate on yield and agronomic traits of spring-sown maize variety Huangjin Xiaoyumi

ZHAO Wenming1(), SHENG Lei2, NIU Liying3, SONG Lixiao4, ZHANG Meijing1, CUI Yakun1, CHEN Yanping1()   

  1. 1.Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Nanjing 210014，Jiangsu
    2.Changshu Dongbang Agricultural Tourism Development Co. ，Ltd. ，Changshu 215535，Jiangsu
    3.Institute of Agricultural Product Processing，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Nanjing 210014，Jiangsu
    4.Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Nanjing 210014，Jiangsu
  • Received:2024-05-24 Online:2026-07-11 Published:2026-07-27
  • Contact: CHEN Yanping

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摘要：

为明确种植密度与施肥量及其互作对黄金小玉米产量及农艺性状的影响，确定该品种的最佳种植密度和适宜施肥量，本研究以黄金小玉米为试验材料，采用裂区试验设计。种植密度作为主区，设置4个处理：每667 m2分别种植5 500株（D1）、6 500株（D2）、7 500株（D3）、8 500株（D4）；施肥量作为副区，设置3个处理：每667 m2分别基施复合肥15 kg+追施复合肥10 kg（M1）、基施复合肥15 kg+追施复合肥20 kg（M2）、基施复合肥15 kg+追施复合肥30 kg（M3）。结果表明，黄金小玉米的商品穗产量随着种植密度的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势，其中以D2处理最高，显著（p0.05）高于D3和D4处理。黄金小玉米的商品穗产量随着施肥量增加呈上升趋势，其中以M3处理最高，显著高于M1处理。种植密度与施肥量的互作效应对产量有显著影响，其中D2M2处理的商品穗产量最高，每667 m2达到597.50 kg，虽与D2M3处理的差异未达到显著水平，但与其他处理的差异达到显著或极显著（p0.01）水平。因此，黄金小玉米的适宜种植密度为每667 m2 6 500株，在此密度下每667 m2基施复合肥15 kg+追施复合肥20～30 kg，可获得较高的产量。

关键词: 玉米, 黄金小玉米, 种植密度, 施肥量, 产量

Abstract:

To determine the effects of planting density，fertilizer application rate，and their interaction on the yield and agronomic traits of maize，and to identify the optimal planting density and suitable fertilizer rate，maize variety Huangjin Xiaoyumi was used as the test material，and a field experiment with two factor split-plot design was conducted. The main plots consisted of four planting densities：5 500 plants per 667 m2（D1），6 500 plants per 667 m2（D2），7 500 plants per 667 m2（D3），8 500 plants per 667 m2（D4）．The subplots comprised three fertilizer application rates：15 kg per 667 m2 of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and 10 kg per 667 m2 of compound fertilizer as topdressing（M1），15 kg per 667 m2 of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and 20 kg per 667 m2 of compound fertilizer as topdressing（M2），and 15 kg per 667 m2 of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and 30 kg per 667 m2 of compound fertilizer as topdressing（M3）. Results showed that under different planting densities，the D2 treatment had the highest yield and was significantly （p0.05）higher than D3 treatment and D4 treatment. Under different fertilization application rates，the M3 treatment had the highest yield and was significantly higher than M1 treatment. Under the interaction between planting density and fertilizer application rates，the D2M2 treatment had the highest yield，which reached 597.50 kg per 667 m2 and was significantly or highly significantly （p0.01） higher than other treatments，except that the D2M3 treatment showed no significant differences compared with D2M2. Therefore，the proper planting density of Huangjin Xiaoyumi was 6 500 plants per 667 m2. Under this density，applying 15 kg compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and 20-30 kg compound fertilizer per 667 m2 as topdressing could obtain a better yield.

Key words: maize, Huangjin Xiaoyumi, planting density, fertilizer application rate, yield

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