Effects of organic substitution of chemical fertilizers on yield, quality and soil fertility of fresh maize

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230356

Abstract

Abstract:

Replacing some chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers is an important way to achieve zero growth in chemical fertilizer use and stable crop yield, and it is also one of the important measures to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and increase efficiency. Exploring the appropriate substitution rate of organic fertilizer is one of the primary problems to be solved by organic fertilizer application. In this study, fresh maize was used as experimental material and field trials were conducted in Longyou County in May 2022 to compare the effects of no fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization (RF), 15% organic fertilizer substitution (15% M) and 30% organic fertilizer substitution (30% M) on the yield and soil nutrient status of fresh maize. The results showed that the soil pH value and soil fertility indexes in the CK control group were significantly lower than those in the conventional fertilization and organic alternative treatment group. Compared with conventional fertilization (RF), organic substitution treatment increased soil pH value and inhibited the tendency of soil acidification. Compared with conventional fertilization, organic fertilizer combined application increased the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus and available potassium. Therefore, replacing some chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers can improve soil fertility, improve soil properties, and improve the activities of soil urease, acid phosphatase, catalase, and soil sucrase. Compared with conventional fertilization, the amount of chemical fertilizer applied in the organic fertilizer substitution treatment decreased, but the yield of fresh maize increased by 6.0% and 2.3%, respectively. Replacing 15% chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer is more conducive to improving soil productivity. It is suggested that we should pay attention to the input of fertilizer in production, reasonably apply organic fertilizer, and carry out regular soil fertilization to achieve the goal of saving fertilizer and increasing efficiency.

Key words: organic substitution, chemical fertilizers, maize, soil fertility, nutritional quality

CLC Number:

S513

XU Youxiang, ZHU Zhenling, WANG Yufei, ZHOU Lingxiao. Effects of organic substitution of chemical fertilizers on yield, quality and soil fertility of fresh maize[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(6): 1329-1332.

Figures/Tables 4

References 11

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处理	pH值	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK	5.47 a	28.6 c	1.60 c	13.07 b	25.03 c	86.8 d	277 c
RF	5.26 b	28.8 c	1.67 c	14.79 b	25.01 c	120.9 c	349 a
15% M	5.30 b	31.5 b	1.88 b	17.94 a	26.09 b	175.4 a	377 a
30% M	5.41 a	37.6 a	2.43 a	16.50 a	27.26 a	146.1 b	312 b

处理	pH值	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
CK	5.47 a	28.6 c	1.60 c	13.07 b	25.03 c	86.8 d	277 c
RF	5.26 b	28.8 c	1.67 c	14.79 b	25.01 c	120.9 c	349 a
15% M	5.30 b	31.5 b	1.88 b	17.94 a	26.09 b	175.4 a	377 a
30% M	5.41 a	37.6 a	2.43 a	16.50 a	27.26 a	146.1 b	312 b

处理	蔗糖酶活性/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)	酸性磷酸酶活性/ (nmol·h^-1·g^-1)	脲酶活性/ (μg·d^-1·g^-1)	过氧化氢酶活性/ (μmol·h^-1·g^-1)
CK	11.9 b	1 216 a	335 c	126 a
RF	11.9 b	1 016 b	339 c	128 a
15% M	12.3 b	897 c	373 a	118 a
30% M	15.5 a	792 c	358 b	98 b

处理	蔗糖酶活性/ (mg·d^-1·g^-1)	酸性磷酸酶活性/ (nmol·h^-1·g^-1)	脲酶活性/ (μg·d^-1·g^-1)	过氧化氢酶活性/ (μmol·h^-1·g^-1)
CK	11.9 b	1 216 a	335 c	126 a
RF	11.9 b	1 016 b	339 c	128 a
15% M	12.3 b	897 c	373 a	118 a
30% M	15.5 a	792 c	358 b	98 b

处理	667 m²产量/kg	比空白/%	比常规施肥/%
CK	854.4 c	0	-12.6
RF	977.5 b	+14.4	0
15% M	1 036.2 a	+21.3	6.0
30% M	999.7 b	+17.0	2.3