Abstract:

Kaihua Qingshui fish, as an important agricultural cultural heritage and geographical indication product in Kaihua County, Zhejiang Province, has attracted much attention for its unique breeding mode and quality advantages. This article provides an overview of the history, culture, industry status, and main breeding models of Kaihua Qingshui fish. It focuses on analyzing the problems of the current mainstream two-stage breeding model of “pond fast breeding+mountain spring clean breeding”, including the dependence on germplasm resources from other regions, stress reactions caused by long-distance transportation, the risk of pathogen transmission due to inadequate quarantine, and the adaptive pressure caused by changes in the breeding environment. This study has shown that these factors collectively lead to the frequent occurrence of diseases such as overwintering syndrome, saprolegniasis, and ichthyophthiriasis, seriously affecting the sustainable development of the industry. In response to the above issues, this article proposes the following suggestions: establish a localized germplasm resource protection and seedling cultivation system; optimize the nutritional feeding strategy during the mountain spring clean breading; strengthen immune and disease prevention before overwintering. This study can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the healthy development and disease prevention and control of Kaihua Qingshui fish industry.

Key words: Kaihua Qingshui fish, breeding model, disease control, germplasm resource, stress response