Research and popularization of biogas slurry application on fruit maize

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230868

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, the application of biogas slurry to fruit maize variety Xuetian 7401 was studied. The results showed that although the effect of biogas slurry application on the yield and baldness of fruit maize was not as good as that of chemical fertilizer, the taste quality of fruit maize applied with biogas slurry was superior. In particular, 30 000 kg of biogas slurry was used as base fertilizer, 10 000 kg of biogas slurry +10 kg of urea was used as topdressing, and 20 000 kg of biogas slurry +10 kg of potassium sulfate was used as ear fertilizer for every 667 m². This fertilization method increased the number of kernel rows, shortened the bald tip, and effectively improved the sweetness and yield, which could not only stabilize the yield, but also improve the quality. At the same time, compound fertilizer can be reduced by 50 kg and urea by 15 kg, which is suitable for large-scale promotion in production.

Key words: biogas slurry, application, fruit maize, technology, promotion

CLC Number:

S513

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WANG Weiwei, LIN Yuzhen, ZHAO Hong, ZHOU Zhengfa, WANG Weiying. Research and popularization of biogas slurry application on fruit maize[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(11): 2558-2561.

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Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Experiments on the use of different base fertilizers

处理	基肥	追肥	穗肥
1	20 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg尿素	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
2	40 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg尿素	20 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
CK	50 kg复合肥	15 kg尿素	8 kg尿素+10 kg硫酸钾

Table 1 Experiments on the use of different base fertilizers

处理	基肥	追肥	穗肥
1	20 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg尿素	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
2	40 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg尿素	20 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
CK	50 kg复合肥	15 kg尿素	8 kg尿素+10 kg硫酸钾

Table 2 Experiments on the use of different topdressing fertilizers

处理	基肥	追肥	穗肥
4	30 000 kg沼液	20 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
5	30 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg尿素	20 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
6	30 000 kg沼液	10 kg尿素	8 kg尿素+10 kg硫酸钾
CK	50 kg复合肥	15 kg尿素	8 kg尿素+10 kg硫酸钾

Table 2 Experiments on the use of different topdressing fertilizers

处理	基肥	追肥	穗肥
4	30 000 kg沼液	20 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
5	30 000 kg沼液	10 000 kg沼液+10 kg尿素	20 000 kg沼液+10 kg硫酸钾
6	30 000 kg沼液	10 kg尿素	8 kg尿素+10 kg硫酸钾
CK	50 kg复合肥	15 kg尿素	8 kg尿素+10 kg硫酸钾

Table 3 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on economic traits of maize

处理	穗长/ cm	秃尖/ cm	穗行数	行粒数	鲜百粒重/ g	可溶性糖/ %	穗位高/ cm	株高/ cm	单苞穗重/ g	产量/ (kg·hm^-2)
1	19.86	2.84	15.86	35.57	333.57	17.57	31.85	167.6	348.32	15 961.8
2	19.65	3.74	17.33	33.47	331.33	17.61	34.60	167.3	347.57	15 927.3
CK	19.33	2.53	16.53	33.40	390.67	17.44	42.35	180.9	394.63	18 084.0

Table 3 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on economic traits of maize

处理	穗长/ cm	秃尖/ cm	穗行数	行粒数	鲜百粒重/ g	可溶性糖/ %	穗位高/ cm	株高/ cm	单苞穗重/ g	产量/ (kg·hm^-2)
1	19.86	2.84	15.86	35.57	333.57	17.57	31.85	167.6	348.32	15 961.8
2	19.65	3.74	17.33	33.47	331.33	17.61	34.60	167.3	347.57	15 927.3
CK	19.33	2.53	16.53	33.40	390.67	17.44	42.35	180.9	394.63	18 084.0

Table 4 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on nutrient content of maize

处理	蛋白质含量/%	脂肪含量/%	碳水化合物含量/%	膳食纤维含量/%	维生素C含量/ (mg·g^-1)
1	2.24	1.1	15.1	2.59	226
2	2.42	1.1	15.6	2.04	158
CK	2.68	1.1	15.3	2.12	66

Table 4 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on nutrient content of maize

处理	蛋白质含量/%	脂肪含量/%	碳水化合物含量/%	膳食纤维含量/%	维生素C含量/ (mg·g^-1)
1	2.24	1.1	15.1	2.59	226
2	2.42	1.1	15.6	2.04	158
CK	2.68	1.1	15.3	2.12	66

Table 5 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on soil physicochemical properties

处理	pH值	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	水解性氮(碱解氮) 含量/(mg·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	缓效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
1	4.91	28.2	1.72	160	14.4	175	145
2	4.82	29.8	1.88	177	13.0	230	130
CK	4.89	32.1	2.02	186	13.8	160	128
处理	阳离子交换量/ (cmol·kg^-1)	水溶性盐含量/ (g·kg^-1)	镉含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铬含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总汞含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铅含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总砷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
1	9.89	0.5	0.080 3	36	0.160	32.5	4.70
2	9.82	0.7	0.083 5	33	0.167	37.0	5.41
CK	10.31	0.5	0.088 6	39	0.173	39.3	4.63

Table 5 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on soil physicochemical properties

处理	pH值	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	水解性氮(碱解氮) 含量/(mg·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	缓效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
1	4.91	28.2	1.72	160	14.4	175	145
2	4.82	29.8	1.88	177	13.0	230	130
CK	4.89	32.1	2.02	186	13.8	160	128
处理	阳离子交换量/ (cmol·kg^-1)	水溶性盐含量/ (g·kg^-1)	镉含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铬含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总汞含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铅含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总砷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
1	9.89	0.5	0.080 3	36	0.160	32.5	4.70
2	9.82	0.7	0.083 5	33	0.167	37.0	5.41
CK	10.31	0.5	0.088 6	39	0.173	39.3	4.63

Table 6 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on maize diseases and insect pests

处理	大斑病级	小斑病级	纹枯病级	南方锈病级	玉米螟/ %
1	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	3
2	轻发	轻发	偏轻	轻发	3
CK	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	4

Table 6 Effects of different base fertilizer dosages on maize diseases and insect pests

处理	大斑病级	小斑病级	纹枯病级	南方锈病级	玉米螟/ %
1	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	3
2	轻发	轻发	偏轻	轻发	3
CK	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	4

Table 7 Effects of different topdressing dosages on economic traits of maize

处理	穗长/ cm	秃尖/ cm	穗行数	行粒数	鲜百粒重/ g	可溶性糖/ %	穗位高/ cm	株高/ cm	单苞穗重/ g	产量/ (kg·hm^-2)
4	19.10	3.14	16.40	33.13	325.47	17.58	40.9	178.7	328.83	15 068.9
5	19.07	2.75	16.13	31.80	365.27	17.61	41.1	179.5	350.77	16 073.9
6	19.15	3.33	16.53	31.47	362.00	17.46	40.9	179.5	344.77	15 768.5
CK	19.12	2.09	16.86	32.43	367.86	16.98	46.0	187.1	391.75	17 952.0

Table 7 Effects of different topdressing dosages on economic traits of maize

处理	穗长/ cm	秃尖/ cm	穗行数	行粒数	鲜百粒重/ g	可溶性糖/ %	穗位高/ cm	株高/ cm	单苞穗重/ g	产量/ (kg·hm^-2)
4	19.10	3.14	16.40	33.13	325.47	17.58	40.9	178.7	328.83	15 068.9
5	19.07	2.75	16.13	31.80	365.27	17.61	41.1	179.5	350.77	16 073.9
6	19.15	3.33	16.53	31.47	362.00	17.46	40.9	179.5	344.77	15 768.5
CK	19.12	2.09	16.86	32.43	367.86	16.98	46.0	187.1	391.75	17 952.0

Table 8 Effects of different topdressing dosages on soil physicochemical properties

处理	pH值	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	水解性氮(碱解氮) 含量/(mg·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	缓效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
4	5.06	30.7	2.02	184	15.0	271	149
5	5.08	32.2	2.09	189	13.3	145	139
6	5.33	32.1	1.97	184	14.9	190	130
CK	5.36	30.3	1.83	172	14.4	133	131
处理	阳离子交换量/ (cmol⁺·kg^-1)	水溶性盐含量/ (g·kg^-1)	镉含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铬含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总汞含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铅含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总砷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
4	9.94	0.5	0.085 8	28	0.198	36.7	4.46
5	10.21	0.4	0.083 2	47	0.154	34.2	4.47
6	9.78	0.3	0.093 5	40	0.152	36.3	4.52
CK	9.68	0.5	0.094 3	37	0.149	30.5	4.35

Table 8 Effects of different topdressing dosages on soil physicochemical properties

处理	pH值	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	水解性氮(碱解氮) 含量/(mg·kg^-1)	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	缓效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
4	5.06	30.7	2.02	184	15.0	271	149
5	5.08	32.2	2.09	189	13.3	145	139
6	5.33	32.1	1.97	184	14.9	190	130
CK	5.36	30.3	1.83	172	14.4	133	131
处理	阳离子交换量/ (cmol⁺·kg^-1)	水溶性盐含量/ (g·kg^-1)	镉含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铬含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总汞含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	铅含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	总砷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
4	9.94	0.5	0.085 8	28	0.198	36.7	4.46
5	10.21	0.4	0.083 2	47	0.154	34.2	4.47
6	9.78	0.3	0.093 5	40	0.152	36.3	4.52
CK	9.68	0.5	0.094 3	37	0.149	30.5	4.35

Table 9 Effects of different topdressing dosages on maize diseases and insect pests

处理	大斑病级	小斑病级	纹枯病级	南方锈病级	玉米螟级/%
4	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	6
5	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	5
6	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	4
CK	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	5

Table 9 Effects of different topdressing dosages on maize diseases and insect pests

处理	大斑病级	小斑病级	纹枯病级	南方锈病级	玉米螟级/%
4	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	6
5	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	5
6	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	4
CK	轻发	轻发	轻发	轻发	5

References 4

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