Effects of different green manures on soil fertility and plant growth in citrus orchards

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240107

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects of planting different green manure on soil fertility and plant growth in young citrus orchards, and to provide a theoretical basis for rational planting of green manure, rattail fescue, ryegrass and hairy vetch were planted in young citrus orchards for three consecutive years, and the biological yield and nutrient content of green manure were measured at the full flowering stage, and soil samples were collected in citrus orchards for 100 days to analyze soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that there were significant differences in the yield of rattail fescue, ryegrass and hairy vetch treatments, and the yield of ryegrass and hairy vetch was 102.0% and 194.2% higher than that of rattail fescue, respectively. The total N and P contents of the three green manures were hairy vetch>rattail fescue>ryegrass. The total K content of rattail fescue and hairy vetch was basically the same, and was significantly higher than that of ryegrass. The height of ryegrass in full flowering was significantly higher than that of rattail fescue and hairy vetch. There was no significant difference in soil phosphatase and catalase activities in different green manure growth areas, and the nitrate reductase activities were rattail fescue>ryegrass>hairy vetch, while urease activities were ryegrass>rattail fescue>hairy vetch, and the differences among the three were significant. There were significant differences in soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents among different green manure growth areas, and the highest treatment was hairy vetch. The number of citrus new shoot in different green manure planting areas was significantly higher than that of the control, and the number of new shoot was the highest in the treatment with hairy vetch. The length of the new shoot was shown as ryegrass>hairy vetch>rattail fescue>CK. The shoot thickness and leaf number of hairy vetch and ryegrass treatments were significantly higher than those of the control. It can be seen that planting different green manure can improve the microecological environment in the root zone, increase soil enzyme activity and soil fertility, and promote plant growth. When it comes to fertilizing the soil, the hairy vetch have the best effect. As orchard intercropping green manure, the height of rattail fescue and hairy vetch was more suitable in the full flowering period, and when intercropping ryegrass, it was recommended to mow and return to the field when the height is 20-40 cm.

Key words: green manure, citrus, soil fertility, new shoot

CLC Number:

S666.2

WEN Mingxia, HUANG Bei, WANG Peng, WU Shaohui. Effects of different green manures on soil fertility and plant growth in citrus orchards[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(3): 662-666.

Figures/Tables 5

References 23

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草种	鲜草产量/ (kg·m^-2)	高度/ m	含水量/ %	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1)
鼠茅草	3.46±0.06 c	0.39±0.01 b	78.6±0.1 c	23.4±0.2 b	2.93±0.04 b	36.4±0.1 a
黑麦草	6.99±0.87 b	1.19±0.04 a	81.0±0.1 b	15.3±0.4 c	2.85±0.01 b	31.1±0.4 b
毛苕子	10.18±1.01 a	0.47±0.03 b	83.2±0.1 a	41.6±0.4 a	3.61±0.12 a	36.3±0.6 a

草种	鲜草产量/ (kg·m^-2)	高度/ m	含水量/ %	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1)
鼠茅草	3.46±0.06 c	0.39±0.01 b	78.6±0.1 c	23.4±0.2 b	2.93±0.04 b	36.4±0.1 a
黑麦草	6.99±0.87 b	1.19±0.04 a	81.0±0.1 b	15.3±0.4 c	2.85±0.01 b	31.1±0.4 b
毛苕子	10.18±1.01 a	0.47±0.03 b	83.2±0.1 a	41.6±0.4 a	3.61±0.12 a	36.3±0.6 a

草种	微生物碳含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	微生物氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	微生物磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
鼠茅草	104.3±0.1 a	13.1±0.1 a	14.3±0.3 a
黑麦草	107.2±5.3 a	15.5±1.4 a	5.4±0.2 b
毛苕子	38.9±2.5 b	8.7±0.7 b	5.6±1.2 b

草种	微生物碳含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	微生物氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1)	微生物磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
鼠茅草	104.3±0.1 a	13.1±0.1 a	14.3±0.3 a
黑麦草	107.2±5.3 a	15.5±1.4 a	5.4±0.2 b
毛苕子	38.9±2.5 b	8.7±0.7 b	5.6±1.2 b

草种	硝酸还原酶活性/ (μmol·d^-1·g^-1)	脲酶活性/ (μg·d^-1·g^-1)	磷酸酶活性/ (μmol·d^-1·g^-1)	过氧化氢酶活性/ (μmol·d^-1·g^-1)
鼠茅草	0.77±0.03 a	84.1±0.2 b	1.81±0.07 a	58.84±0.03 a
黑麦草	0.22±0.01 b	232.0±2.2 a	1.57±0.09 a	59.09±0.02 a
毛苕子	0.04±0.01 c	53.9±2.7 c	1.74±0.12 a	58.93±0.10 a