植物对低磷胁迫的适应机制

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230441

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

磷是植物生长和发育的重要限制因子之一,土壤中的可溶性无机磷酸盐极易被金属离子固定,形成难溶性磷或有机磷,造成低磷胁迫。为了适应低磷环境,植物体产生了包括形态学、生理生化反应在内的一系列适应机制。随着分子生物学技术的发展,大量参与植物体内磷动态平衡的基因如转运蛋白基因、PHR转录因子、SPX转录因子、miRNA等被相继克隆,其功能和作用机制也得到解析。这些基因相互作用形成了复杂的系统和局部磷信号调控网络,共同调控植物体内的磷稳态。文章回顾了低磷胁迫对植物生长发育的影响,综述国内外关于低磷胁迫分子机制及信号调控网络的研究进展。

关键词: 低磷胁迫, 光合作用, 根系形态, 生理生化反应, 分子机制, 展望

Abstract:

Phosphorus is one of the important limiting factors for plant growth and development. Soluble inorganic phosphate in soil is easily fixed by metal ions, resulting in poorly soluble phosphorus or organic phosphorus, causing low phosphorus stress. In order to adapt to the low phosphorus environment, plants develop a series of adaptive mechanisms, including morphological, physiological and biochemical responses. With the development of molecular biology technology, a large number of genes involved in plant phosphorus homeostasis, such as phosphorus transporter genes, PHR transcription factors, SPX transcription factors, and miRNAs, have been successively cloned, and their functions and mechanisms have been elucidated. These genes interact to form complex systemic and local phosphorus signaling regulatory networks that collectively regulate phosphorus homeostasis in plants. Here, we reviewed the effects of low phosphorus stress on plant growth and development, as well as the research progress on the molecular mechanisms and signal regulatory networks of low phosphorus stress.

Key words: low phosphorus stress, photosynthesis, root morphology, physiological and biochemical responses, molecular mechanism, prospect

中图分类号:

Q945

肖晨星, 高璐阳, 马志明. 植物对低磷胁迫的适应机制[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(9): 2206-2213.

XIAO Chenxing, GAO Luyang, MA Zhiming. Mechanisms of plant adaptation to low phophorus stress[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(9): 2206-2213.

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