不同化学疏果剂在白凤桃上的应用及效果

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240799

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究化学疏果剂在早熟普通桃上的疏果效果,以白凤桃为材料,在坐果初期施用不同浓度的6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)、乙烯利,测定留果率和果实品质等指标。结果表明,施用0.1~0.3 g·L^-1 6-BA和0.01~0.03 g·L^-1 NAA能有效降低白凤桃留果率,不影响单果重、果形指数、果实硬度和可溶性固形物含量。6-BA处理后落果迅速且量大,NAA处理后落果速度相对缓慢,0.02 g·L^-1 NAA处理在坐果初期效果最佳。低浓度(0.3 g·L^-1)乙烯利处理后出现大量落果,高浓度(0.4和0.5 g·L^-1)乙烯利处理后全部落果,呈现出极端现象。适宜化学疏果剂与浓度的筛选可以为早熟桃品种疏果处理提供参考。

关键词: 桃, 化学疏果, 留果率, 果实品质

Abstract:

To study the fruit thinning effect of chemical fruit thinning agents on early maturing common peaches, Baifeng peaches were used as materials. Different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), naphthylacetic acid (NAA), and ethephon were applied at the initial stage of fruit setting, and indicators such as fruit retention rate and fruit quality were measured. The results showed that the application of 0.1-0.3 g·L^-1 6-BA and 0.01-0.03 g·L^-1 NAA could effectively reduce the fruit retention rate of Baifeng peaches, without affecting single fruit weight, fruit shape index, fruit firmness, and soluble solidscontent. After treatment with 6-BA, the fruit drop rate was rapid and in large quantities, while after treatment with NAA, the fruit drop rate was relatively moderate. 0.02 g·L^-1 NAA had the best effect at the initial stage of fruit setting. Ethephon at a low concentration (0.3 g·L^-1) led to significant fruit drop, while higher concentrations (0.4 and 0.5 g·L^-1) resulted in complete fruit drop, indicating an extreme phenomena. The screening of suitable chemical fruit thinning agents and concentrations provides a reference for fruit thinning treatment of early maturing peach varieties.

Key words: peach, chemical fruit thinning, fruit retention rate, fruit quality

中图分类号:

S662.1

古咸彬, 余苏凤, 金婷, 姜露萍, 陆玲鸿, 范飞, 高憬, 宋根华, 肖金平, 张慧琴. 不同化学疏果剂在白凤桃上的应用及效果[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2026, 67(1): 77-81.

GU Xianbin, YU Sufeng, JIN Ting, JIANG Luping, LU Linghong, FAN Fei, GAO Jing, SONG Genhua, XIAO Jinping, ZHANG Huiqin. Application and efficacy of different chemical fruit thinning agents on Baifeng peach[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(1): 77-81.

图/表 5

参考文献 12

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处理	单果重/g	果实纵径/mm	果实横径/mm	果实侧径/mm	果形指数
T1	211.94±17.26 ab	60.05±4.28 a	61.20±4.77 a	61.12±3.54 a	0.98±0.06 a
T2	215.06±21.14 ab	60.16±5.19 a	60.04±4.99 ab	60.04±4.21 a	1.00±0.05 a
T3	200.96±14.07 b	59.57±3.73 a	60.38±3.50 ab	60.21±4.52 a	0.99±0.06 a
T4	222.51±14.39 a	60.96±4.30 a	61.05±5.57 a	60.19±3.85 a	1.00±0.06 a
T7	214.64±30.82 ab	59.43±5.24 a	59.74±5.74 ab	59.98±4.28 a	1.00±0.05 a
T8	204.36±22.46 b	59.22±3.98 a	59.38±3.85 ab	59.78±3.86 a	1.00±0.06 a
T9	203.13±14.06 b	58.30±3.86 a	58.28±3.55 b	59.41±5.67 a	1.00±0.05 a
CK	184.98±18.83 c	60.26±3.78 a	61.02±5.63 a	60.65±4.27 a	1.00±0.06 a
H₂O	173.94±26.37 c	60.81±5.15 a	61.75±4.85 a	60.19±4.42 a	0.98±0.06 a

处理	单果重/g	果实纵径/mm	果实横径/mm	果实侧径/mm	果形指数
T1	211.94±17.26 ab	60.05±4.28 a	61.20±4.77 a	61.12±3.54 a	0.98±0.06 a
T2	215.06±21.14 ab	60.16±5.19 a	60.04±4.99 ab	60.04±4.21 a	1.00±0.05 a
T3	200.96±14.07 b	59.57±3.73 a	60.38±3.50 ab	60.21±4.52 a	0.99±0.06 a
T4	222.51±14.39 a	60.96±4.30 a	61.05±5.57 a	60.19±3.85 a	1.00±0.06 a
T7	214.64±30.82 ab	59.43±5.24 a	59.74±5.74 ab	59.98±4.28 a	1.00±0.05 a
T8	204.36±22.46 b	59.22±3.98 a	59.38±3.85 ab	59.78±3.86 a	1.00±0.06 a
T9	203.13±14.06 b	58.30±3.86 a	58.28±3.55 b	59.41±5.67 a	1.00±0.05 a
CK	184.98±18.83 c	60.26±3.78 a	61.02±5.63 a	60.65±4.27 a	1.00±0.06 a
H₂O	173.94±26.37 c	60.81±5.15 a	61.75±4.85 a	60.19±4.42 a	0.98±0.06 a

处理	果实硬度/ (kg·cm^-2)	可溶性固形物含量/%	总酸含量/ (g·kg^-1)
T1	0.38±0.08 a	11.77±1.28 a	2.25±0.05 ab
T2	0.43±0.10 a	11.81±1.53 a	2.28±0.19 a
T3	0.39±0.10 a	11.41±1.06 a	2.19±0.18 ab
T4	0.19±0.06 b	11.17±1.02 b	2.13±0.09 ab
T7	0.40±0.09 a	11.67±1.34 a	2.18±0.13 ab
T8	0.37±0.10 a	11.61±1.15 a	1.99±0.12 b
T9	0.37±0.08 a	11.42±1.13 a	2.20±0.13 ab
CK	0.40±0.07 a	11.47±1.00 a	2.31±0.12 a
H₂O	0.42±0.11 a	11.53±1.27 a	2.24±0.16 ab

处理	果实硬度/ (kg·cm^-2)	可溶性固形物含量/%	总酸含量/ (g·kg^-1)
T1	0.38±0.08 a	11.77±1.28 a	2.25±0.05 ab
T2	0.43±0.10 a	11.81±1.53 a	2.28±0.19 a
T3	0.39±0.10 a	11.41±1.06 a	2.19±0.18 ab
T4	0.19±0.06 b	11.17±1.02 b	2.13±0.09 ab
T7	0.40±0.09 a	11.67±1.34 a	2.18±0.13 ab
T8	0.37±0.10 a	11.61±1.15 a	1.99±0.12 b
T9	0.37±0.08 a	11.42±1.13 a	2.20±0.13 ab
CK	0.40±0.07 a	11.47±1.00 a	2.31±0.12 a
H₂O	0.42±0.11 a	11.53±1.27 a	2.24±0.16 ab

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