浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (7): 1742-1747.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240920

• 畜牧兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同牧草种植对黄河滩地土壤盐碱改良效果

吴颖1(), 李伟珍2, 李威1, 王丽1, 王巧玲2, 田英2,*()   

  1. 1.宁夏绿创林业有限公司,宁夏 银川 750004
    2.宁夏农林科学院 林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏 银川 750002
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-02 出版日期:2025-07-11 发布日期:2025-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 田英,副研究员,博士,主要从事盐碱地牧草栽培研究工作,E-mail:tianying_1982@126.com
  • 作者简介:吴颖,学士,主要从事林业生态学工作,E-mail:360329106@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34);企业创新中心项目—黄河银川段滩地生态草引选及生态修复关键技术研究(NXLC-2-2022-14);宁夏青年拔尖人才培养工程

Effects of different forage planting patterns on saline-alkali soil amelioration in the Yellow River beach land

WU Ying1(), LI Weizhen2, LI Wei1, WANG Li1, WANG Qiaoling2, TIAN Ying2,*()   

  1. 1. Ningxia Lyuchuang Forestry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia
    2. Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia
  • Received:2024-12-02 Online:2025-07-11 Published:2025-07-28

摘要:

为了筛选对宁夏黄河滩地盐渍化土壤生态修复效果较好的牧草种植模式,以苜蓿单播和4个混播模式为处理。基于室外采样与室内实验相结合的方法,测定播种第3年的土壤pH值、全盐量以及可溶性盐离子浓度,评估不同类型牧草种植对黄河滩地盐渍化土壤的改良情况。结果表明,研究区内土壤pH值为8.0~8.5,均属于弱碱性土壤;0~20 cm土层苜蓿单播模式和混A模式土壤全盐量高于其他模式,>20~40 cm土层则为混B模式土壤全盐量最高;相比于土层,不同牧草播种类型对土壤可溶性盐离子的影响更大,而播种类型和土层的交互作用则无显著影响;土壤全盐量与Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、$\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}$、Cl-浓度呈极显著正相关,与$\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$浓度呈显著负相关,与$\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}$浓度相关性不显著。综上所述,苜蓿与禾本科牧草混播对黄河滩地的修复效果最好,本研究为宁夏段黄河滩地生态恢复植被选择提供参考。

关键词: 牧草, 混播, 黄河滩地, 盐碱地

Abstract:

To screen effective forage planting patterns for ecological restoration of saline-alkali soil in the Ningxia section of the Yellow River beach land, this study employed alfalfa monoculture and four mixed-sowing patterns as experimental treatments. Using a combination of field sampling and laboratory experiments, soil pH value, total salt content, and soluble salt ion concentrations were measured in the third year after planting to evaluate the improvement effects of different forage planting patterns on saline-alkali soil. The results showed that the soil pH in the study area ranged from 8.0 to 8.5, indicating slightly alkaline soil. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the alfalfa monoculture and mixed-sowing pattern A exhibited higher total salt content compared to other patterns, while mixed-sowing pattern B had the highest total salt content in the >20-40 cm soil layer. Compared with the soil depth, the type of forage planting had a more significant impact on soil soluble salt ion content, while the interaction between forage planting type and soil depth showed no significant impact. Total soil salt content exhibited a highly significantly positive correlation with Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, $\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}$, and Cl- content, a significantly negative correlation with $\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$ content, and no significant correlation with $\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}$ content. In conclusion, mixed sowing of alfalfa with gramineous forage demonstrated the best restoration effect on the Yellow River beach land. This study provides a reference for vegetation selection in ecological restoration of saline-alkali soil in the Ningxia section of the Yellow River.

Key words: forage, mixed sowing, Yellow River beach land, saline-alkali soil

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