浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (7): 1632-1635.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240949

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同肥料处理对盐碱地茭白产量和品质的影响

杨鸯鸯(), 胡伋, 范斗文, 李能辉, 李忠伟, 翁丽青()   

  1. 余姚市农业技术推广服务总站,浙江 余姚 315400
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 出版日期:2025-07-11 发布日期:2025-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 翁丽青(1966—),女,浙江余姚人,本科,推广研究员,从事蔬菜技术推广工作,E-mail:Wengliqing136@163.com。
  • 作者简介:杨鸯鸯(1980—),女,浙江慈溪人,硕士,高级农艺师,从事蔬菜技术推广工作,E-mail:yangyang401@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    2023年宁波市公益性研究计划项目“盐碱地茭白高质高效栽培技术研究及应用”(2023S081)

Effect of different fertilizer treatments on the yield and quality of Zizania latifolia in saline alkali soil

YANG Yangyang(), HU Ji, FAN Douwen, LI Nenghui, LI Zhongwei, WENG Liqing()   

  1. Yuyao Agricultural Technology Extension Service Station, Yuyao 315400, Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-12-16 Online:2025-07-11 Published:2025-07-28

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摘要：

本研究开展了盐碱地茭白不同肥料配比施用试验,结果表明,茭白田大量施用化肥,虽然能使茭白分蘖增加,但茭白壳茭重较小,净茭率和667 m2产量也较低,而且肉茭中硝酸盐含量增加,抗坏血酸和可溶性糖含量下降。本试验中,我们减少了茭白田化肥用量,用有机肥代替基肥,不仅有利于促进茭白植株的生长发育,增加其壳茭质量,还能提高茭白净茭率和品质,增强植株抗性等。而且基肥中667 m2有机肥用量为800 kg时的茭白品质优于用量600 kg时的茭白品质,其产量和抗性也更好。因此在一定范围内,增加有机肥用量,可以增加茭白产量和品质。此外,用茭白专用肥代替三元复合肥也能增加茭白的壳茭重和667 m2产量,改善肉茭部分品质,但其效果没有施有机肥好,抗病性也没有施有机肥好,且净茭率没有得到明显提高。然而,配施有机肥是否能够引起茭白产量和品质的显著提升仍有待进一步研究。

关键词: 肥料处理, 盐碱地, 茭白, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In this study, we conducted experiments on the application of different fertilizer ratios in saline alkali land, the results showed that the large amount of chemical fertilizer used in Zizania latifolia field can increase the tillering of Zizania latifolia, but the shell weight was relatively small, and the net rate of Zizania latifolia and yield of 667m2 were also low. In addition, the nitrate content in Zizania latifolia increased, while the content of ascorbic acid and soluble sugar decreased. In this experiment, we reduced the amount of chemical fertilizer used in the Zizania latifolia field and replaced the base fertilizer with organic fertilizer. It not only promoted the growth and development of Zizania latifolia plants, increased the shell quality, but also improved the net rate and quality of Zizania latifolia, enhanced plant resistance, etc. Moreover, Zizania latifolia with an organic fertilizer dosage of 800 kg per 667 m2 in the base fertilizer exhibited better quality, yield and resistance than the dosage of 600 kg per 667m2. Therefore, within a certain range, increasing the amount of organic fertilizer will also increase the yield and quality of Zizania latifolia. Besides, replacing ternary compound fertilizer with specialized fertilizer for Zizania latifolia can also increase the shell weight and 667 m2 yield, improve the quality of Zizania latifolia, but the effect and disease resistance were not as good as applying organic fertilizer. Moreover, the net rate of Zizania latifolia has not been significantly improved. However, further study is needed to determine whether the application of organic fertilizer in combination will significantly increase the yield and quality of Zizania latifolia.

Key words: fertilizer treatment, saline alkali soil, Zizania latifolia, yield, quality

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