浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 1462-1468.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250156

• 经济作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

适宜紫色土上烟草品种NX212中上部叶一次性采收的栽培技术研究

沈思1(), 赵伟才2,3, 孙会举1, 窦玉青4, 王军2,3, 王学波2,3, 谢晓斌1, 宗钊辉2,3()   

  1. 1.广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广东 广州 510510
    2.广东省烟草科学研究所,广东 韶关 512029
    3.广东烟草韶关市有限公司,广东 韶关 512026
    4.中国农业科学院 烟草研究所,山东 青岛 266101
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 出版日期:2026-06-11 发布日期:2026-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 宗钊辉
  • 作者简介:宗钊辉,E-mail:982136230@qq.com
    沈思,主要从事烟叶原料与复烤加工研究。E-mail:865271304@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东中烟科技项目(2023440000340037)

Study on cultivation techniques for one⁃time harvest of upper leaves of tobacco variety NX212 planted in purple soil

SHEN Si1(), ZHAO Weicai2,3, SUN Huiju1, DOU Yuqing4, WANG Jun2,3, WANG Xuebo2,3, XIE Xiaobin1, ZONG Zhaohui2,3()   

  1. 1.Guangdong China Tobacco Industry Co. ,Ltd. ,Guangzhou 510510,Guangdong
    2.Guangdong Tobacco Science Research Institute,Shaoguan 512029,Guangdong
    3.Guangdong Tobacco Shaoguan Co. ,Ltd. ,Shaoguan 512026,Guangdong
    4.Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,Shandong
  • Received:2025-03-05 Online:2026-06-11 Published:2026-06-12
  • Contact: ZONG Zhaohui

摘要:

为探索烟草品种NX212中上部叶一次性采收的最佳栽培措施,本研究在广东南雄紫色土上开展了留叶数、施氮量、种植密度的三因素三水平正交试验。结果表明,种植密度对农艺性状、烟叶外观质量的影响最大,每667 m2种植1 000株时,烟叶农艺性状与外观质量达到最佳。施氮量对化学成分的影响最大,施氮量为180 kg·hm-2时,烟叶烟碱含量、钾含量、氮碱比达到最大值。留叶数对感官质量的影响最大,随着留叶数的增加,烟叶香气质、余味、杂气、刺激性和感官质量综合评价得分呈现出先降后增的趋势,在留叶数为19片时,烟叶的感官质量达到最佳。综上,3因素对烟叶综合品质影响力大小为施氮量>留叶数>种植密度。此外,根据极差分析,在韶关南雄紫色土上种植的NX212中上部叶一次性采收的最佳栽培措施为:每667 m2种植1 000株、施氮180 kg·hm-2、每株留叶19片。本研究为广东烟区烤烟一次性采收的配套栽培措施研究提供了重要支撑。

关键词: 一次性采收, 烟草品种NX212, 种植密度, 留叶数, 施氮量

Abstract:

To explore the optimal cultivation measures for one-time harvest of upper leaves of tobacco variety NX212,this study conducted a three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment on leaf retention number,nitrogen application rate,and planting density in purple soil in Nanxiong City,Guangdong Province. The results demonstrated that planting density had the biggest impact on agronomic traits and appearance quality. The planting density of 1 000 plants per 667 m2 achieved optimal agronomic traits and appearance quality of tobacco leaves. Nitrogen application rate showed the strongest influence on chemical composition,with nicotine content,potassium content,and nitrogen-to-nicotine ratio reaching peak values at a nitrogen application rate of 180 kg·hm-2. Leaf retention number had the biggest impact on sensory quality. With an increase in leaf retention number,the scores for tobacco aroma,aftertaste,off-flavors,irritancy,and overall sensory quality evaluation exhibited a trend of initial decline followed by improvement. The optimal sensory quality was achieved when the leaf retention number reached 19. In summary,the three factors influencing the comprehensive quality of tobacco leaves followed this order of importance:nitrogen application rate> leaf retention number> planting density. Furthermore,based on range analysis,the optimal cultivation measures for one-time harvest of upper leaves of tobacco variety NX212 grown in purple soil in Nanxiong,Shaoguan include:planting 1 000 plants per 667 m2,applying 180 kg·hm-2 of nitrogen,and retaining 19 leaves per plant. This study provides crucial support for developing integrated cultivation strategies for one-time harvest in Guangdong's flue-cured tobacco production areas.

Key words: one-time harvest, tobacco variety NX212, planting density, leaf retention number, nitrogen application rate

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