浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (4): 1024-1034.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250645

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

三峡库区重庆段生态敏感性的地形梯度分异与时空演变

李虹蓉1(), 李娇1, 邵景安1,2()   

  1. 1.重庆师范大学 地理与旅游学院,重庆 401331
    2.三峡库区地表过程与生态修复重庆市重点实验室,重庆 401331
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-07 出版日期:2026-04-11 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 邵景安
  • 作者简介:邵景安,E-mail:shao_ja2003@sohu.com
    李虹蓉,主要从事土地利用与生态过程研究。E-mail:lihongrong0125@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD096)

Topographic gradient differentiation and spatio⁃temporal evolution of ecological sensitivity in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

LI Hongrong1(), LI Jiao1, SHAO Jing'an1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Tourism,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331
    2.Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Ecological Restoration in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing 401331
  • Received:2025-09-07 Online:2026-04-11 Published:2026-04-17
  • Contact: SHAO Jing'an

摘要:

为科学识别三峡库区重庆段生态脆弱区,以促进生态保护和可持续发展,本研究基于层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)-客观赋权法(criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation,CRITIC)(AHP-CRITIC),构建土壤侵蚀、石漠化、人类活动及自然灾害四维评价体系,并从地形梯度视角解析2000—2020年生态敏感性的时空演变规律。结果表明:土壤侵蚀模量(权重27.25%)与土地利用类型(权重23.49%)是影响生态敏感性的主导因子;2000—2020年生态敏感性呈现整体改善(敏感性指数降低0.18),局部退化(退化区占比9.66%)的现象;空间分布呈现“东北高、西南低”的态势,北部地区因石漠化与自然灾害重度叠加形成连续的高敏感带;敏感性等级转移呈现“两端扩张、中部收缩”的特征;地形梯度上:低海拔(0~400 m)、缓坡(<8 °)、浅切割(<8 m)和低地形位(1~4级)区域为敏感性上升的热点区域,而600~1 000 m、15 °~25 °坡度带、15~30 m切割带和中低地形位是重度和极度敏感区的核心分布区;最后,基于山地系统生态风险综合指数分为5大敏感性分区。本研究可为长江经济带生态保护提供范式,是践行“生态优先、绿色发展”理念的具体探索,为山地城市国土空间生态修复提供依据。

关键词: 生态敏感性, 时空特征, 生态分区, 三峡库区重庆段

Abstract:

To scientifically identify ecologically vulnerable areas in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,so as to promote ecological protection and sustainable development,based on the analytic hierarchy process-criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation method(AHP-CRITIC),the study constructed a four-dimensional evaluation system for soil erosion,rocky desertification,human activities and natural disasters,and analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution of ecological sensitivity from the perspective of topographic gradient from 2000 to 2020. The results show that soil erosion modulus (weight 27.25%) and land use pattern(weight 23.49%)are the dominant factors influencing ecological sensitivity;the ecological sensitivity from 2000 to 2020 shows an overall improvement(sensitivity index decreased by 0.18)with localized degradation(degraded area accounting for 9.66%);the spatial distribution shows a pattern of "high in the northeast and low in the southwest",with a continuous high-sensitivity zone formed in the northern region due to the overlapping of severe rocky desertification and natural disasters;the transfer of sensitivity grades shows a characteristic of "expansion at both ends and contraction in the middle";in terms of topographic gradients,low altitude(0-400 m),gentle slope(<8 °),shallow cutting depth(<8 m),and low terrain position(levels 1-4)areas are hotspots of increasing sensitivity,while the 600-1 000 m elevation zone,15 °-25 ° slope zone,15-30 m cutting depth zone,and middle-low terrain positions are the core distribution areas of severe and extreme sensitivity;and finally,based on a comprehensive mountain ecological risk index,it is categorized into five sensitivity zones. The study provides a paradigm for ecological protection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,serving as a concrete exploration of the "ecological priority and green development" concept,and provides a basis for ecological restoration of mountainous urban land space.

Key words: ecological sensitivity, spatio-temporal characteristic, ecological zoning, Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

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