羊粪堆肥腐熟度评价指标可行性分析

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240228

浙江农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (12): 3068-3074.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240228

羊粪堆肥腐熟度评价指标可行性分析

陈柳¹(), 胡海凤²^,³, 洪春来⁴, 姚燕来⁴, 朱为静⁴, 洪磊东⁴, 陆南洋⁴, 朱凤香⁴^,^*(), 张涛⁴

1.浙江省农业农村项目服务中心,浙江杭州 310009
2.长兴兴德生物科技有限公司,浙江湖州 313103
3.浙江农艺师学院,浙江杭州 310021
4.浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2024-03-27 出版日期:2024-12-11 发布日期:2024-12-25
通讯作者: 朱凤香(1976—),女,浙江义乌人,研究员,博士,主要从事农业废弃物资源化利用研究,E-mail:zfx76@aliyun.com。
作者简介:陈柳(1987—),男,浙江诸暨人,经济师,硕士,主要从事农业经济方面的研究,E-mail:chenliu0417@163.com。
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2018C02024);杭州市科技发展计划项目(202204T05)

Feasibility analysis of evaluation indicators for maturity of sheep manure compost

CHEN Liu¹(), HU Haifeng²^,³, HONG Chunlai⁴, YAO Yanlai⁴, ZHU Weijing⁴, HONG Leidong⁴, LU Nanyang⁴, ZHU Fengxiang⁴^,^*(), ZHANG Tao⁴

1. Zhejiang Agricultural and Rural Project Service Center, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang
2. Changxing Xingde Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313103, China
3. Zhejiang Agronomist College, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang
4. Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang

Received:2024-03-27 Online:2024-12-11 Published:2024-12-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确适合羊粪堆肥腐熟度评价的指标,提高堆肥效率。该研究以湖羊羊粪为原料,采用条垛式人工翻堆堆肥63 d进行堆肥试验,考察了纯羊粪堆肥过程中理化生参数的变化趋势。结果表明:堆肥温度分为升温期(0~1 d),高温期(2~20 d),中温期(21~44 d),稳定期(45~63 d)。温度、干物质得率、有机碳含量、碳氮比、硝态氮、铵态氮、钾速效性、磷速效性等指标在堆肥49 d左右趋于稳定,可作为评价羊粪堆肥是否腐熟稳定的指标。综合各项指标,建议当堆料干物质得率≤78%,或有机碳含量≤38%,或碳氮比≤12.4,或硝态氮≤0.15%,或铵态氮≤0.019%,或钾速效性≤91%,或磷速效性≥73%,或温度进入稳定期时,可认为堆肥已腐熟稳定。腐熟后的堆肥产品容重为0.48 g·mL^-1,干物质得率为89.9%。

关键词: 羊粪, 堆肥, 评价指标, 钾速效性, 磷速效性

Abstract:

To clarify the indicators suitable for evaluating the maturity of sheep manure compost and improve composting efficiency, this study used Hu sheep manure as raw material and conducted a 63 day composting experiment using a stack style manual composting method to investigate the changes in physical, chemical, and biological parameters during the composting process of pure sheep manure. The results showed that the composting temperature was divided into a warming period (0-1 day), a high temperature period (2-20 days), a medium temperature period (21-44 days), and a stable period (45-63 days). Temperature, dry matter yield, organic carbon content, carbon nitrogen ratio, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, potassium availability, phosphorus availability and other indicators tend to stabilize around 49 days of composting, which can be used as indicators to evaluate whether sheep manure compost is mature and stable. Based on various indicators, it is recommended that when the dry matter yield of the compost is ≤78%, or the organic carbon content is ≤38%, or the carbon nitrogen ratio is ≤12.4, or the nitrate nitrogen is ≤0.15%, or the ammonium nitrogen is ≤0.019%, or the potassium availability is ≤91%, or the phosphorus availability is ≥73%, or the temperature enters the stable period, it can be considered that the compost has matured and stabilized. The bulk density of the decomposed compost product is 0.48 g·mL^-1, and the dry matter yield is 89.9%.

Key words: sheep manure, compost, evaluation indexes, potassium availability, phosphorus availability

中图分类号:

S141.4

陈柳, 胡海凤, 洪春来, 姚燕来, 朱为静, 洪磊东, 陆南洋, 朱凤香, 张涛. 羊粪堆肥腐熟度评价指标可行性分析[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(12): 3068-3074.

CHEN Liu, HU Haifeng, HONG Chunlai, YAO Yanlai, ZHU Weijing, HONG Leidong, LU Nanyang, ZHU Fengxiang, ZHANG Tao. Feasibility analysis of evaluation indicators for maturity of sheep manure compost[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(12): 3068-3074.

图/表 4

图1 羊粪堆肥过程中理化性质的变化

Fig.1 Changes in physical and chemical properties during the composting of sheep manure

图2 羊粪堆肥过程中碳氮相关参数的变化

Fig.2 Changes in carbon and nitrogen-related parameters during sheep manure composting

图3 羊粪堆肥过程中全钾、总磷、水溶性碳含量及其速效性占比的变化

Fig.3 Changes in total potassium, total phosphorus, water-soluble carbon content and their proportion of available effect in the process of sheep manure composting

图4 羊粪堆肥过程中阳离子交换量、腐殖酸、5日生化需氧量和种子发芽指数的变化

Fig.4 Changes in cation exchange, humic acid, 5 day biochemical oxygen demand and seed germination index during sheep manure composting

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羊粪堆肥腐熟度评价指标可行性分析

Feasibility analysis of evaluation indicators for maturity of sheep manure compost

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