浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (4): 825-830.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250087

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

养分管理对水稻产量及氮肥吸收利用的影响

鲍苗青1(), 吴良欢2, 韩科峰2()   

  1. 1.婺城区农业农村局,浙江 金华 321017
    2.浙江大学 环境与资源学院,浙江省农业资源与环境重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 出版日期:2026-04-11 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 韩科峰
  • 作者简介:韩科峰,E-mail:hkf1982@163.com
    鲍苗青,主要从事农学工作。E-mail:17081734@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省科技计划项目(2022C02018)

Effect of nutrient management on rice yield and nitrogen fertilizer absorption and utilization

BAO Miaoqing1(), WU Lianghuan2, HAN Kefeng2()   

  1. 1.Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Wucheng District,Jinhua 321017,Zhejiang
    2.Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource and Environment,College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-02-11 Online:2026-04-11 Published:2026-04-17
  • Contact: HAN Kefeng

摘要:

本研究主要针对金华水稻种植区的土壤养分肥力条件,在定量施用磷肥(P2O5 54 kg·hm-2)、钾肥(K2O 90 kg·hm-2)的背景下,系统评价了养分管理对水稻产量及氮肥吸收利用的影响。本试验共设4个处理,分别为不施氮肥(PK)、低氮量(N1PK)、中氮量(N2PK)和高氮量(N3PK)处理,其施氮量(以N计)分别为0、90、120、150 kg·hm-2。试验结果表明,相较于PK和N3PK处理,N2PK处理的水稻产量显著(p<0.05)增加,为9 204.60 kg·hm-2,较PK处理提高了34.78%。在水稻氮肥吸收利用方面,N2PK处理的氮肥利用率、氮肥农学效率、氮肥偏生产力均显著高于N3PK处理,分别为65.00%、19.80 kg·kg-1、76.71 kg·kg-1。在经济效益方面,N2PK处理的产值最高,为26 344.68元·hm-2,与PK处理比,增收6 402.63元·hm-2。综上,在定量施用磷肥、钾肥的背景下,中氮量处理(N2PK)不仅能够显著提高水稻产量,优化氮肥的吸收利用效率,还能带来最佳的经济效益。这一结果为金华水稻种植区氮肥的合理利用提供了重要的理论依据和实践指导。

关键词: 产量, 氮肥利用率, 氮肥农学效率, 氮肥偏生产力, 水稻

Abstract:

This study mainly focused on the soil nutrient and fertility conditions in the rice-planting region of Jinhua. Under the background of quantitative application of phosphorus fertilizer(P2O5 54 kg·hm-2)and potassium fertilizer(K2O 90 kg·hm-2),the effects of nutrient management on rice yield and nitrogen fertilizer absorption and utilization were systematically evaluated. Four treatments were established:no nitrogen fertilizer (PK),low nitrogen fertilizer (N1PK),medium nitrogen fertilizer(N2PK)and high nitrogen fertilizer(N3PK)with N application rates of 0,90,120,and 150 kg·hm-2,respectively. Results indicated that compared with PK and N3PK treatments,the rice yield significantly(p<0.05) increased in the N2PK treatment,reaching 9 204.60 kg·hm-2,which increased by 34.78% compared with PK treatment. Regarding N fertilizer absorption and utilization efficiency,the N2PK treatment showed significantly higher values compared with the N3PK treatment,with nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate,nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency,and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity being 65.00%,19.80 kg·kg-1 and 76.71 kg·kg-1,respectively. In terms of economic benefits,the N2PK treatment yielded the highest output value of 26 344.68 yuan·hm-2,representing an increase of 6 402.63 yuan·hm-2 compared with the PK treatment.In conclusion,under the background of quantitative application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,he medium nitrogen level treatment (N2PK) not only significantly increased rice yield and optimized the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer,but also brought the best economic benefits. This result provides an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the rational use of nitrogen fertilizer in the rice-growing area of Jinhua.

Key words: yield, nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency, nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity, rice

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