水稻苗期农用激光诱导对生育期和产量的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250770

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农用激光作为一种新型农业补光技术，在调控作物生长发育与提质增效方面表现出较大的应用潜力。为探究激光技术对水稻生育期及产量的影响，本研究在水稻苗期采用3∶1和1∶1红蓝配比的激光进行辐照处理，之后将幼苗移栽至大田，测定不同处理下水稻的生长指标、关键生育时期及产量。结果表明，3∶1红蓝激光处理能显著促进早晚稻幼苗生长，提高苗期生长速率；移栽后，3∶1红蓝激光处理组缓苗速度加快，早晚稻成熟期提前2～3 d，成熟后有效穗数增幅12.53%～13.33%，产量增幅达5.56%～13.37%，且对糯稻品质无显著影响。综上，3∶1红蓝配比激光育苗技术可有效实现水稻早熟增产，且对不同品种均表现出稳定的促进效果，具有较好的推广应用价值。

关键词: 农用激光, 水稻, 早熟, 增产

Abstract:

Agricultural laser，as a novel supplementary lighting technology in agriculture，has shown considerable potential in regulating crop growth and enhancing both quality and yield. To explore the effects of laser technology on the growth period and yield of rice，this study employed laser irradiation with red-to-blue ratios of 3∶1 and 1∶1 during the rice seedling stage. The seedlings were then transplanted into field plots，and growth indicators，key growth stages，and yield under different treatments were determined. The results showed that the 3∶1 red-to-blue laser treatment significantly promoted the growth of both early- and late-season rice seedlings and increased the seedling growth rate. After transplanting，the 3∶1 laser-treated group exhibited faster recovery，with the maturation period of both early- and late- season rice advancing by 2-3 days. After maturity，the number of effective panicles increased by 12.53%-13.33%，yield increased by 5.56%-13.37%，and no adverse effect was observed on the quality of glutinous rice. In conclusion，laser seedling cultivation with a 3∶1 red-to-blue ratio can effectively promote early maturation and yield increase in rice，demonstrating stable positive effects across different varieties and showing good potential for widespread application.

Key words: agricultural laser, rice, early maturity, yield increase

中图分类号:

S511

雷雨梦, 陈凌云, 陈鹏宇, 李志涛, 戚行江, 程凤, 杨晗, 戚烨通. 水稻苗期农用激光诱导对生育期和产量的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2026, 67(4): 831-837.

LEI Yumeng, CHEN Lingyun, CHEN Pengyu, LI Zhitao, QI Xingjiang, CHENG Feng, YANG Han, QI Yetong. Effects of agricultural laser induction at seedling stage on growth and yield of rice[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 67(4): 831-837.

图/表 6

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品种	处理	株高/cm	根长/mm	叶龄	茎基宽/cm	地上部干重/g	地下部干重/g	壮苗指数
中组143	CK	15.50±0.50 b	4.00±0.50 b	2.90±0.20 a	0.97±0.06 b	0.18±0.01 b	0.04±0.01 a	0.07±0.01 a
	3∶1	17.70±0.29 a	5.17±0.29 a	3.10±0.20 a	1.16±0.06 a	0.23±0.01 a	0.05±0.01 a	0.08±0.01 a
	1∶1	16.50±0.87 ab	4.50±0.50 ab	3.23±0.16 a	1.13±0.06 a	0.22±0.01 a	0.04±0.01 a	0.07±0.01 a
甬优1540	CK	13.33±1.54 b	3.83±0.58 b	2.90±0.10 b	0.87±0.06 b	0.17±0.02 b	0.04±0.01 b	0.06±0.01 b
	3∶1	17.66±2.25 a	5.17±0.76 a	3.10±0.20 ab	0.93±0.06 ab	0.23±0.06 a	0.06±0.01 a	0.09±0.01 a
	1∶1	15.00±1.32 ab	4.50±0.50 ab	3.23±0.12 a	1.03±0.06 a	0.20±0.02 a	0.05±0.01 ab	0.07±0.01 ab

品种	处理	株高/cm	根长/mm	叶龄	茎基宽/cm	地上部干重/g	地下部干重/g	壮苗指数
中组143	CK	15.50±0.50 b	4.00±0.50 b	2.90±0.20 a	0.97±0.06 b	0.18±0.01 b	0.04±0.01 a	0.07±0.01 a
	3∶1	17.70±0.29 a	5.17±0.29 a	3.10±0.20 a	1.16±0.06 a	0.23±0.01 a	0.05±0.01 a	0.08±0.01 a
	1∶1	16.50±0.87 ab	4.50±0.50 ab	3.23±0.16 a	1.13±0.06 a	0.22±0.01 a	0.04±0.01 a	0.07±0.01 a
甬优1540	CK	13.33±1.54 b	3.83±0.58 b	2.90±0.10 b	0.87±0.06 b	0.17±0.02 b	0.04±0.01 b	0.06±0.01 b
	3∶1	17.66±2.25 a	5.17±0.76 a	3.10±0.20 ab	0.93±0.06 ab	0.23±0.06 a	0.06±0.01 a	0.09±0.01 a
	1∶1	15.00±1.32 ab	4.50±0.50 ab	3.23±0.12 a	1.03±0.06 a	0.20±0.02 a	0.05±0.01 ab	0.07±0.01 ab

品种	处理	移栽期（月-日）	始穗期（月-日）	齐穗期（月-日）	成熟期（月-日）
中组143	CK	04-22	06-19	06-21	07-23
	3∶1	04-22	06-16	06-18	07-20
	1∶1	04-22	06-18	06-20	07-23
甬优1540	CK	07-23	09-09	09-12	10-27
	3∶1	07-23	09-06	09-09	10-24
	1∶1	07-23	09-07	09-10	10-25

品种	处理	移栽期（月-日）	始穗期（月-日）	齐穗期（月-日）	成熟期（月-日）
中组143	CK	04-22	06-19	06-21	07-23
	3∶1	04-22	06-16	06-18	07-20
	1∶1	04-22	06-18	06-20	07-23
甬优1540	CK	07-23	09-09	09-12	10-27
	3∶1	07-23	09-06	09-09	10-24
	1∶1	07-23	09-07	09-10	10-25

品种	处理	每667 m²有效穗数/10⁴	每穗总粒数	每穗实粒数	千粒重/g	每667 m²产量/kg
中组143	CK	15.40±0.55 b	157.40±6.35 a	124.90±5.78 a	25.99±1.66 a	595.85
	3∶1	17.33±0.84 a	158.90±8.96 a	127.20±7.47 a	26.14±1.61 a	675.52
	1∶1	16.20±0.84 ab	156.90±5.51 a	128.30±7.18 a	25.80±1.09 a	637.73
甬优1540	CK	9.00±0.71 b	214.30±12.39 a	176.70±11.12 a	23.83±1.48 a	470.95
	3∶1	10.20±0.84 a	212.60±9.47 a	178.70±10.58 a	24.67±1.19 a	497.12
	1∶1	9.20±0.84 ab	219.60±11.46 a	180.40±11.96 a	24.47±1.48 a	489.24