浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (7): 1816-1828.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250247

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期不同土地利用方式对农田土壤生态系统多功能性和微生物多样性的影响

荣智卓1(), 吴春艳2(), 唐翔宇1   

  1. 1.浙江农林大学 林业与生物技术学院,省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 311300
    2.浙江省农业科学院 环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江 杭州 310021
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-30 出版日期:2026-07-11 发布日期:2026-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 吴春艳
  • 作者简介:吴春艳,E-mail:99427464@qq.com
    荣智卓,研究方向为土壤微生物。E-mail:798396103@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(42177379);国家自然科学基金(42377374);浙江农林大学科研发展基金项目(2020FR040)

Effects of long-term different land use patterns on farmland soil ecosystem multifunctionality and microbial diversity

RONG Zhizhuo1(), WU Chunyan2(), TANG Xiangyu1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,College of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang AF University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang
    2.Institute of Environment,Resource,Soil and Fertilizer,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-03-30 Online:2026-07-11 Published:2026-07-27
  • Contact: WU Chunyan

摘要:

为揭示不同土地利用方式间土壤生态系统多功能性和微生物多样性的差异,为农田土壤生产管理和可持续发展提供科学依据,以果园、玉米地、大豆地、大棚和撂荒地5种农田土壤为研究对象,分析不同土地利用方式间的土壤理化性状、酶活性和微生物多样性,比较不同土地利用方式间的生态系统多功能性和微生物多样性差异。结果表明,不同土地利用方式下土壤生态系统多功能性指标存在显著(p0.05)差异。相关分析显示,不同土地利用方式下土壤pH值、碱解氮含量、全氮含量、全磷含量、有效磷含量、有机质含量等理化指标以及β-葡萄糖苷酶、N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶、纤维素酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶的活性与生态系统多功能性显著相关。方差分析结果表明,果园土壤的生态系统多功能性最高,而玉米地土壤在75%阈值下生态系统多功能性几乎丧失。高通量测序结果表明,果园土壤细菌多样性最高,细菌群落在农田土壤生态系统中对土壤生态系统多功能性的影响相比真菌更为显著。综上,保护农田土壤细菌多样性应成为提高农田土壤生态系统多功能性的核心策略,果园土壤的高生态系统多功能性验证了微生物多样性对生态系统功能的正向反馈机制,是值得推广的土地利用方式。

关键词: 土地利用方式, 生态系统多功能性, 微生物多样性, 土壤

Abstract:

To reveal the differences in ecosystem multifunctionality and microbial diversity among different land use patterns and provide scientific basis for farmland soil management and sustainable development,five types of farmland soils(orchard,cornfield,soybean field,greenhouse,and abandoned land)were selected as research objects. Soil physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and microbial diversity were analyzed,and the differences in ecosystem multifunctionality and microbial diversity among different land use patterns were compared. The results showed that there were significant (p0.05)differences in soil ecosystem multifunctionality indicators among different land use patterns. Correlation analysis revealed that soil pH value,available nitrogen content,total nitrogen content,total phosphorus content,available phosphorus content,organic matter content,and the activities of β-glucosidase,N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase,cellulase,polyphenol oxidase,and peroxidase were significantly correlated with ecosystem multifunctionality. Analysis of variance indicated that orchard soil had the highest ecosystem multifunctionality,whereas cornfield soil almost lost its ecosystem multifunctionality under the 75% threshold. High-throughput sequencing results showed that orchard soil had the highest bacterial diversity,and bacterial communities had a more significant impact on soil ecosystem multifunctionality than fungal communities in farmland soil ecosystems. In conclusion,protecting farmland soil bacterial diversity should be the core strategy for improving farmland soil ecosystem multifunctionality. The high ecosystem multifunctionality of orchard soil verifies the positive feedback mechanism of microbial diversity on ecosystem function,making it the most recommended land use pattern.

Key words: land use pattern, ecosystem multifunctionality, microbial diversity, soil

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